Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Unit 3
Syllabus
• Pitch error
– the total length of thread engaged will be either too
high or too small
• Progressive error
• Periodic error
• Drunken error
• Irregular error
Errors in Thread
1) Progressive error:
The pitch of the thread is uniform but is longer or shorter
its nominal value and this is called progressive error.
Causes o progressive error
1.Incorrect linear and angular velocity ratio
2.Incorrect gear train and lead screw
3.Saddle fault
4.Variation in length due to hardening
Contd.,
2. Periodic error
These error repeats itself at regular intervals
along the thread.
Length of thread
Length of thread
4) Irregular errors:
It is vary irregular manner along the length of
the thread.
1) Major diameter
2) Minor diameter
3) Effective or Pitch diameter
4) Pitch
5) Thread angle and form angle
Major Diameter
• Ordinary micrometer
• Bench micrometer
Measurement by Bench
micrometer:
Clamp
Fiducial Supports
Indicator
Measuring
Anvils Holding centres
Micrometer head
BENCH MICROMETER
Measurement by Bench micrometer:
Then the cylinder is replaced by the threaded work piece and the new
reading is taken
Measurement by Bench micrometer:
Measurement by Bench micrometer:
Screw Thread
Measurement of Major diameter
Measurement of the major diameter of an
Internal thread:
• One wire
• Two Wires
• Thread gauge
• Ring gauge
• Optical projectors
Gear Measurement
Types of gears
– Spur gear
– Spiral gear
– Helical gears
– Bevel gears
– Worm and Worm wheel
– Rack and Pinion:
Slipping of a belt or rope is a common phenomenon, in
the transmission of motion or power between two shafts. The
effect of slipping is to reduce the velocity ratio of the system.
Advantages
1. It transmits exact velocity ratio.
2. It may be used to transmit large power.
3. It has high efficiency.
4. It has reliable service.
5. It has compact layout.
Disadvantages
1. The manufacture of gears require special tools and equipment.
2. The error in cutting teeth may cause vibrations and noise during
operation.
Classification of Toothed
Wheels
When a circle rolls without slipping on the outside of a fixed circle,the curve
traced by a point on the circumference of a circle is known as epi-cycloid.
Base circle :It is the circle of gear from which the involute
profile is derived
• Pitch circle
– It is the imaginary circle of gear that rolls without slipping
over the circle of its mating gear.
• Addendum circle or Tip circle
– The circle coincides with the crests (or) tops of teeth.
• Dedendum circle (or) Root circle
– This circle coincides with the roots (or) bottom on teeth
• Module(m)
– It is the ratio of pitch circle diameter to the
total number of teeth
Pressure angle : it is the angle made by the
action with the common tangent to the pitch
circles of mating gears
• Face :Part of the tooth in the axial plane lying
between tip circle and pitch circle.