For Sale, Philippines !

Economic
• Compose of four significant
ECONOMIC development
• The end of Galleon Trade;
• The opening of the Suez Canal;
• The rise o the export of the crop
economy;
• Establishment of monopolies in the
Philippines.
 End of Galleon Trade
• China, Japan, Siam(now Thailand), India,
Cambodia,Borneo,and the Moluccas(Spice
Island).
• 1565.
• The Spanish closed the ports of Manila to all
countries, except Mexico.
• Manila-Acapulco Trade also known as the
“Galleon Trade”
• Route is Cebu going to Acapulco, Mexico.
• Business of the Spaniards in the Philippines.
 End of Galleon Trade
• Mango de Manila, Tamarind, Rice, Cockfighting,
Chinese tea, Textiles, Tuba.
• The trade brought numerous Flora and Fauna in the
Philippines(ex. Guava,avocado,papaya, pineapple
horses, and cattle)
• Intercultural exchanges(give examples)
• Because of the Galleon Trade, Manila became the
trading ground where China,India, Japan, and other
Southeast Asian countries to send their goods for
shipping.
• Most of the workers were Chinese. The result was
numerous Chinese migrants.
 End of Galleon Trade
• The spaniards feared them,taxed them and sent
them to “Parian” and eventually, when tension
rose, massacre some of them(Ongpin,n.d)
• Manila galleon trade allowed modern liberal
ideas to enter the Philippines.
• It gradually inspires the movement for
independence from Spain.
• September 14,1815, the Galleon Trade ended
with the Mexico’s war of independence.
Opening of the Suez Canal
• Suez Canal is an artificial Suez canal connects
the Mediterranean Sea to the Red sea.
• Under the leadership of the french Diplomat
Ferdinand de Lesseps.
• November 17, 1869
• From 3month to 1 month
• The Suez Canal importation of not only the
commercial products but also books, magazines
and new papers with liberal ideas from America
and Europe which affected the minds of Filipino
reformist.
 Opening of Suez Canal
• The opening of Suez Canal has
encouraged the Ilustrados to pursue
education abroad and learn scientific
and liberal studies in European
academic institutions.
 The Rise of the export of Crop
Economy
• Three crops—tobacco,abaca, and sugar.
• Motivated by commercial undertakings of
North European and North American
merchants, who provided capital,organization,
and access to foreign markets and sources of
imports. But since they based their operations
in port cities, especially Manila, they needed
agents who could distribute imports in the
interior and buy up goods for export.
 Monopolies
• Post-Galleon era was monopoly contracting.
• The use of opium was legalize by the Spanish
government. (provided it was only limited to
chinese)
• Majority of the contracts in the monopoly were
held by the Chinese.
• Governor Jose Basco placed the tobacco
industry under the government control.
 Monopolies
• Advantages of Tobacco Monopoly
• The philippines drag to the riyal treasury.
• Th ephilippines became known globally as the
largest tobacco-producing country in Asia.
Filipinos were offered jobs in cigar and
cigarette factories. Thus, more filipinos
became employed.
• It triggered internal trade
• Regions where tobacco was best produced
became markets for other products such as
rice.
 Monopolies
• Disadvantages of the Tobacco Monopoly
• Tobacco growers were paid through promissory notes and at
very low rates;
• Abusive inspectors, in search for hidden tobacco leaves,
sometimes entered the house of farmers and took anything
of value;
• To recover their losses, farmers entered into smuggling and
contraband selling of tobaccos;
• Since cigarettes and cigars became known nationally, more
people smoked, endangering not only their health but health
of other people as well.
• The abuses and corrupt practices committed by the officials
led to the abolition of the Tobacco Monopoly in 1882 by
governor-general Primo de Rivera.