PAST TENSES

(Prošla vremena)

PAST SIMPLE,
PAST CONTINUOUS,
PAST PERFECT,
PAST PERFECT CONTINUOUS
 Past simple ili obično prošlo vreme gradi se tako što se na
infinitiv glagola (work) dodaje nastavak –d/-ed). Ovo
pravilo važi za pravilne glagole. Upitni i odrični oblik grade
se sa pomoćnim glagolom did.
Potvrdni oblik Upitni oblik Odrični oblik

I worked (ja sam radio/la) Did I work? I did not/didn’t work

You worked Did you work? You didn’t work

He/she/it isto isto

We isto isto

They isto isto

Na glagolsku osnovu ‘work’ dodaje se nastavak –ed
Ako se glagol završava na ‘e’ (‘like’) onda se kao
nastavak dodaje –d.
Nastavak –ed/-d može da se izgovara kao
‘d’ – loved
‘t’ – asked
‘id’ – repeated
Ukoliko se glagol završava na ‘y’ kome prethodi
suglasnik, ‘y’ prelazi u ‘i’:
Try - tried
U upitnom i odričnom obliku nastavak –d (-ed) se
gubi. Greška je istovremeno upotrebljavati did i
nastavak na glagolu.
*Did you worked yesterday?
Did you work yesterday? (Da li si radio/la juče?)
Glagol to be spada u nepravilne glagole. To su glagoli
koji imaju posebne oblike u Past S. Ponekad ovi
oblici nisu ni slični infinitivu, kao što je slučaj sa to
be.
 Glagol to be

Potvrdni oblik Upitni oblik Odrični oblik

I was (ill) – ja sam bio/bila Was I? – da li sam I was not (wasn’t) – ja nisam
(bolestan/na) bio/la? bio/la
You were Were you? You weren’t
He/she/it was Was he/she/it? He/she/it wasn’t

We were Were we? We weren’t

They were Were they? They weren’t
Za razliku od svih ostalih engleskih glagola, jedino se
kod glagola to be u Past S.ne koristi pomoćni glagol
did, već se upitni oblik gradi inverzijom. To znači da
glagol i subjekat zamene mesta.
He was ill last week. He wasn’t well.
Was he ill last week?
*Did he was /did he be ill?
 Nepravilni glagoli

Ne dodaje im se nastavak, već imaju drugačiji oblik u

Past S. Na primer, to go:

Potvrdni oblik Upitni oblik Odrični oblik

I went (ja sam išao/la) Did I go? (da li sam I didn’t go (ja nisam
išao/la?) išao/la)
You went Did you go? You didn’t go
He/she/it went Did he/she/it go? He/she/it go

We went Did we go? We didn’t go

They went Did they go? They didn’t go
 Upotreba

1. Past S. upotrebljava se sa prilozima koji

označavaju određeni vremenski period:
Last (month, week, year, Monday)
Yesterday
Ago (a few days ago, two minutes ago)
At (6.00/the end of the year/Christmas)
On (Tuesday/15th May)
In (January/2007/summer)
2. Past S. se upotrebljava kada je radnja završena u
prošlosti.
He wrote his book in three months.
They built the bridge last year.
3. Past S. Se takođe koristi za prepričavanje događaja iz
prošlosti (ukoliko govorimo o daljoj prošlosti, koristimo
Past Perfect).
Claire had a nice holiday last month. She was in Greece.
She lay on the beach and swam in the sea. In the
evenings she went out dancing. She arrived home on
September 30th. She had not expected such a nice
holiday.
4. Past S. se upotrebljava i za radnju koja se ponavljala u
prošlosti:
They often came to see us. (Često su dolazili da nas
posete.)
He spoke at public meetings. (Govorio je na više javnih
skupova)
5. Ako je u glavnoj rečenici prošlo vreme, i u sporednoj
rečenici se za istovremeno stanje ili radnju upotrebljava
prošlo vreme (koje se na srpski prevodi prezentom):
He wrote that he was ill. (Pisao je da je bolestan)
I knew he didn’ live there. (Znala sam da ne živi tamo)
 PAST CONTINUOUS

Gradi se od glagola to be u Past S. i glavnog glagola

na koji se dodaje nastavak –ing. Važi za sve glagole.
Potvrdni oblik Upitni oblik Odrični oblik

I was working Was I working? I wasn’t working

You were working Were you working? You weren’t working

He/she/it was working Was he/she/it working? He/she/it wasn’t working

We were working Were we working? We weren’t working

They were working Were they working? They weren’t working

 Upotreba

• 1. Past S. označava radnju koja je počela i završila se u

prošlosti, obično je to trenutna radnja.
• He woke up when the phone rang.
• Nasuprot tome, Past C. koristimo kada želimo da
naznačimo da je radnja trajala izvesno vreme u prošlosti:
• At 3.15 yesterday afternoon, I was studying for the
exam.
• ili da je bila u toku kada ju je prekinula neka druga
radnja (kombinacija Past C. sa Past S.):
• He was watching TV when the phone rang.
 Past Simple i Past Continuous

• Ova dva vremena se obično kombinuju u rečenici uz pomoć

veznika when ili while/as.
• Emma was writing the report when her computer broke down
(Ema je pisala izveštaj kada joj se kompjuter pokvario).
• Ili:
• While Emma was writing the report, her computer broke
down. (Dok je Ema pisala izveštaj, kompjuter se pokvario.)
• Past C. takođe koristimo da bismo označili dve radnje koje su se
odvijale paralelno:
• The sun was shining and the birds were singing. It was a lovely
day.
• She was reading a book, while he was writing an e-mail. Ili As
she was reading a book, he was writing an e-mail.
Complete the sentences. Put in the correct form of each
verb. Use the past continuous or past simple. ►
When Martin arrived (arrive) home, Anna was talking
(talk) to someone on the phone. Martin started (start)
to get the tea.
1 I…………………………. (lie) in the bath when the
phone…………………………….(ring).It………………………(stop)
after a few rings.
2 It……………………………… (be) cold when
we ......................... . . . (leave) the house that day, and a
light snow………….. .........................(fall).
3 Your friend who…………….. ........................ (come) here
the other day .........……………………. (seem) very nice.
I………………….. ...............(enjoy) meeting her.
4 When I……………………………… (see) the man,
he ................................. (stand) outside the bank.
He……………………………… (have) a black baseball cap on.
5 When I……………………………. . . . (open) the cupboard
door, a pile of books .....................(fall) out.
6 I………………………… (walk) along the street when I
suddenly…………………………….. (feel) something hit me in
the back. I ……………………………… (not / know) what it
was.
 Past Perfect Tense (Pluskvamperfekt)

Sarah went to a party last week. Paul went to the

party, too, but they didn’t see each other. Paul left
the party at 10.30 and Sarah arrived at 11 o’clock.
So when Sarah arrived at the party, Paul wasn’t
there. He had gone home.
Sara je išla na jednu zabavu prošle nedelje. I Pol je
išao na tu zabavu, ali se nisu videli. Pol je otišao u
10.30 a Sara je stigla u 11. Dakle, kad je Sara stigla na
zabavu, Pol nije bio tamo. On je već (bio) otišao kući.
 Forma – nepravilni glagoli

Potvrdni oblik Upitni oblik Odrični oblik

I had gone Had I gone? I hadn’t gone

home
You had gone Had you gone? You hadn’t gone
He/she/it had Had he/she/it He/she/it hadn’t gone
gone gone?
We had gone Had we gone? We hadn’t gone
They had gone Had they gone? They had gone
 Forma – pravilni glagoli

Potvrdni oblik Upitni oblik Odrični oblik

I had already finished Had I finished? I hadn’t finished
work
You had finished Had you finished? You hadn’t finished
He/she/it had finished Had he/she/it finished? He/she/it hadn’t finished
We had finished Had we finished? We hadn’t finished
They had finished Had they finished? They hadn’t finished
 Past Perfect - upotreba

 had + past participle (gone/seen/finished)

1. Past Perfect se upotrebljava za radnju koja se
dogodila pre neke druge radnje u prošlosti ili pre
nekog datog trenutka u prošlosti.Kad se govori o
nekom događaju iz prošlosti, kao što je:
Sarah arrived at the party. – koristimo Past Simple
A ukoliko želimo da govorimo o događajima koji su
se desili PRE dolaska na zabavu, koristimo Past
Perfect:
When Sarah arrived at the party, Paul had already
gone home (Kad je Sara stigla, Pol je već bio otišao)
Past Perfect se veoma često koristi u kombinaciji sa
Past Simple, kako bi označili događaj iz bliže i iz dalje
prošlosti:
When we got home last night, we found that
somebody had broken into the flat. (Kad smo
sinoć stigli kući, otkrili smo da je neko (bio) provalio
u stan).
When we got home last night, we made dinner.
(Kad smo sinoć stigli kući, napravili smo večeru.
=niz događaja)
Past Perfect se često koristi sa veznicima: already,
before, after, when, until, as soon as.
Karen didn’t want to go to the cinema with us
because she had already seen the film. (Karen nije
htela da ide s nama u bioskop zato što je već gledala
taj film.)
The man sitting next to me on the plane was very
nervous. He hadn’t flown before. (Čovek koji je
sedeo pored mene u avionu bio je veoma uznemiren.
Nikad ranije nije leteo avionom.)
When Phillip had been a week in the village, an
incident happened which seemed to irritate his uncle
very much. (Pošto je Filip proveo nedelju dana u
selu, desio se jedan događaj koji je, izgleda, mnogo
naljutio njegovog strica).
They set off as soon as they had packed. (Krenuli su
čim su se spakovali).
 Poređenje Present Perfect i Past Perfect

Present Perfect Past Perfect

 Who is that woman? I I didn’t know who she

have never seen her was. I had never seen
before. her before.
 We aren’t hungry. We’ve We weren’t hungry. We
just had lunch. had just had lunch.
The house was dirty.
 The house is dirty. They
They hadn’t cleaned it
haven’t cleaned it for
for weeks.
weeks.
Traje do nekog prošlog
 Traje do now
događaja (Past Simple)
 Poređenje Past Simple i Past Perfect

Past Simple Past Perfect

A: Was Tom there A: Was Tom there

when you arrived? when you arrived?
B: Yes, but he left soon B: No, he had
afterwards. already left.
Kate wasn’t at home Kate had just got
when I phoned. She home when I phoned.
was at her mother’s She had been at her
house. mother’s house.
 Vežbe

1. A: Was Paul at the party when you arrived? B:No,

he ............................. (go) home.
2. I felt very tired when I got home, so
I ..................................... (go) straight to bed.
3. The house was very quiet when I got home.
Everybody ................................ (go) to bed.
4. Sorry I’m late. The car ................................. (break)
down on my way here.
5. We were driving along the road when we ................
(see) a car which .............................(break) down, so
we ...............................(stop) to help.
 Past Perfect Continuous

Had + been + V +-ing (had been doing)

Upotrebljava se za radnju koja je trajala do nekog
određenog trenutka u prošlosti ili pre početka neke
druge radnje u prošlosti.
In 1920 he had been writing for ten years.
She denied that anyone had been smoking in the
room.
He was returning home from the restaurant where
he had been having his dinner.
 1 Past simple, continuous and perfect (A-D)
 Look at these sentences and then tick the right answer.
 ► David and Tom were talking together when a young woman spoke to
them.
 Which took more time, a) what David and Tom said, or b) what the
woman said?
 1 Mike had put up the tent, but Harriet was still unloading things from
the car.
 Which finished first, a) putting up the tent, or b) unloading?
 2 Mark went home and switched off the computer.
 What did he do first, a) go home, or b) switch off the computer?
 3 When Claire arrived, Henry was walking up and down.
 Which started earlier, a) Claire's arrival, or b) Henry's walking?
 4 When Sarah had phoned the office, she drove to the hotel.
 Did she phone the office a) before, or b) after driving to the hotel?
 2 Past simple and past perfect (D)
 Write the two sentences as one. Use when and the past perfect in either
the first or
 the second part of the sentence.
 ► I took the book back to the library. I read it.
 / took the book back to the library when I'd read it.
 ► The students did the experiment. They wrote a report on it.
 When the students had done the experiment, they wrote a report on it.
 1 Nick saved enough money. He bought a motor bike.
 2 Mark put all the dishes away. He dried them.
 3 I looked both ways. I pulled out into the road.
 4 The golfers went into the clubhouse. They played the last hole.