Cases and Case Analyses

• First case is due Wednesday before or

in class.
• Look at the syllabus/website for
information and case questions.
• Please follow the case format
– Last FOUR digits of your PID number
– Double-spaced
– No more than 500 words and please
indicate this number at the end of your
brief.
• Contact me if something is unclear.
Organizational Effectiveness

BA 152
 Organizational Effectiveness
• Effectiveness
– Goal achievement
– Doing the right thing!
• Efficiency
– Level of resources used to achieve goals
– Doing things right!
• What might be the trade-offs?
• Approaches to determining effectiveness
 Organizational Effectiveness
• Resource-based Approaches
– How well can an organization get the
resources it needs?
– Useful when other approaches won’t work.
– Useful in non-profit/social welfare orgs.
– But may ignore how resources are used.
 Organizational Effectiveness
• Internal Process Approach
– How efficient is the organization internally?
– Useful when measures are available
– However, assessments can be subjective,
– and the approach does not assess if goals
are actually met.
 Organizational Effectiveness
• Goal Accomplishment
– To what extent does the organization
achieve its goal(s)?
– Used in most business organizations.
– But goals might be in conflict.
– Which goals and how to measure.
– Does not assess how efficiently resources
were used to achieve the goals.
Organizational Effectiveness

Inputs Throughputs Outputs

System Resource Internal Process Goal

 Organizational Effectiveness
• How would you assess KFBS’
effectiveness from each of these
approaches?
– Resource-based
– Internal Process
– Goal Accomplishment
 Stakeholder Approach
• What is a stakeholder?
• How might each evaluate effectiveness?
• What are the advantages of this
approach?
• What are the disadvantages of this
approach?
 Stakeholder Approach

• Who are KFBS’ key stakeholders?

• How might each evaluate the School’s
effectiveness?
 Competing Values Model
Flexibility
Human Relations Open Systems
Goal: Human Resource Goal: Growth
Development
Effectiveness: System Effectiveness: Goal
Resource & Internal Accomplishment & Internal
Process Process
Internal External
Goal: Stability Goal: Efficiency/Profit
Effectiveness: Internal Effectiveness: Goal
Process Accomplishment

Internal Process Control Rational Goal

 Competing Values Model
Flexibility

Organization A

Internal External

Organization B

Control
 Competing Values Model
Flexibility

Internal External

Control
 The Balanced Scorecard
Financial
Do actions contribute to improving
financial performance?

Examples of measures: profits,

return on investment

Customers Internal Business Processes

Does the chain of internal activities and
Mission
How well do we serve our customers? processes add value for customers and
Strategy
shareholders?
Goals
Examples of measures: customer Examples of measures: order-rate
satisfaction, customer loyalty fulfillment, cost-per-order

Learning and Growth

Are we learning and changing?

Examples of measures: continuous

process improvement, employee
retention, new product introductions
 Summary
1. There is no one easy and complete way
to assess how well an organization’s
strategy is working (determining an
organization’s effectiveness).
2. Multiple approaches to assessing
effectiveness are preferred.
 For Next Time

The University Art Museum