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  • XML and XSLT: Sadah Anjum Shanto Lecturer, Dept. of CSE

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    sadah anjum shanto
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    XML name conflict, namespace and different attributes of XSLT

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    XML and Xslt

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    XML name conflict, namespace and different attributes of XSLT

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    17 Ansichten20 Seiten

    XML and XSLT: Sadah Anjum Shanto Lecturer, Dept. of CSE

    Hochgeladen von

    sadah anjum shanto
    XML name conflict, namespace and different attributes of XSLT

    Copyright:

    © All Rights Reserved
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    von 20

    XML A ND X S LT

    Sadah Anjum Shanto


    Lecturer,
    Dept. of CSE
    XML NAMESPACES
    • name conflicts
    • in xml, element names are defined by the developer. this often results in a conflict when
    trying to mix xml documents from different xml applications.
    • THIS XML CARRIES HTML TABLE • THIS XML CARRIES INFORMATION ABOUT
    INFORMATION: A TABLE (A PIECE OF FURNITURE):
    <table> <table>
    <tr> <name>african coffee table</name>
    <td>apples</td> <width>80</width>
    <td>bananas</td> <length>120</length>
    </tr>
    </table>
    </table>
    SOLVING THE NAME CONFLICT USING A PREFIX
    <h:table>
    <h:tr>
    • name conflicts in xml can <h:td>Apples</h:td>
    easily be avoided using a <h:td>Bananas</h:td>
    name prefix. </h:tr>
    </h:table>
    this xml carries information
    about an html table, and a <f:table>
    piece of furniture: <f:name>African Coffee Table</f:name>
    <f:width>80</f:width>
    <f:length>120</f:length>
    </f:table>
    XML NAMESPACES - THE XMLNS ATTRIBUTE

    • when using prefixes in xml, a namespace for the prefix must be defined.


    • the namespace can be defined by an xmlns attribute in the start tag of an element.
    • the namespace declaration has the following syntax. xmlns:prefix="uri".
    XML NAMESPACES - THE XMLNS ATTRIBUTE
    • <root> <f:table
    • <h:table xmlns:f="https://www.w3schools.com/furniture">
    xmlns:h="http://www.w3.org/tr/html4/">
    <f:name>african coffee table</f:name>
    • <h:tr> <f:width>80</f:width>
    • <h:td>apples</h:td> <f:length>120</f:length>
    • <h:td>bananas</h:td> </f:table>
    • </h:tr> </root>
    • </h:table>
    NAMESPACES IN REAL USE

    • xslt is a language that can be used to transform xml documents into other formats.
    • the xml document below, is a document used to transform xml into html.
    • the namespace "http://www.w3.org/1999/xsl/transform" identifies xslt elements inside an
    html document:
    <tr>
    • <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>       <td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td>
    <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0" xmlns:xsl="http       <td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td>
    ://www.w3.org/1999/xsl/transform">     </tr>
        </xsl:for-each>
      </table>
    <xsl:template match="/"> </body>
    <html> </html>
    <body> </xsl:template>
      <h2>my cd collection</h2>
      <table border="1"> </xsl:stylesheet>
        <tr>
          <th style="text-align:left">title</th>
          <th style="text-align:left">artist</th>
        </tr>
        <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">
    XSLT <XSL:TEMPLATE> ELEMENT

    • the <xsl:template> element is used to build templates.


    • the match attribute is used to associate a template with an xml element. the match
    attribute can also be used to define a template for the entire xml document. the value of
    the match attribute is an xpath expression (i.e. match="/" defines the whole document).
    XSLT <XSL:TEMPLATE> ELEMENT
    • <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?> • <tr>
    <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"       <td>.</td>
    xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/xsl/transform">       <td>.</td>
    •     </tr>
    <xsl:template match="/">   </table>
      <html>   </body>
      <body>   </html>
      <h2>my cd collection</h2> </xsl:template>
      <table border="1">
        <tr bgcolor="#9acd32">
    </xsl:stylesheet>
          <th>title</th>
          <th>artist</th>
        </tr>
    XSLT <XSL:VALUE-OF> ELEMENT
    • the <xsl:value-of> element can be used to extract the value of an xml element and add it
    to the output stream of the transformation:
    • <?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
    <xsl:stylesheet version="1.0"
    xmlns:xsl="http://www.w3.org/1999/xsl/transform">

    <xsl:template match="/">
      <html>
      <body>
      <h2>my cd collection</h2>
      <table border="1">
        <tr bgcolor="#9acd32">
          <th>title</th>
          <th>artist</th>
        </tr>
        <tr>
          <td><xsl:value-of select="catalog/cd/title"/></td>
          <td><xsl:value-of select="catalog/cd/artist"/></td>
        </tr>
      </table>
      </body>
      </html>
    </xsl:template>

    </xsl:stylesheet>
    • EXAMPLE EXPLAINED
    • NOTE: THE SELECT ATTRIBUTE, IN THE EXAMPLE ABOVE, CONTAINS AN XPATH
    EXPRESSION. AN XPATH EXPRESSION WORKS LIKE NAVIGATING A FILE
    SYSTEM; A FORWARD SLASH (/) SELECTS SUBDIRECTORIES.

    • THE RESULT FROM THE EXAMPLE ABOVE WAS A LITTLE DISAPPOINTING; ONLY
    ONE LINE OF DATA WAS COPIED FROM THE XML DOCUMENT TO THE OUTPUT. IN
    THE NEXT CHAPTER YOU WILL LEARN HOW TO USE THE <XSL:FOR-EACH>
    ELEMENT TO LOOP THROUGH THE XML ELEMENTS, AND DISPLAY ALL OF THE
    RECORDS.
    THE <XSL:FOR-EACH> ELEMENT
    • THE XSL <XSL:FOR-EACH> ELEMENT CAN BE USED TO SELECT EVERY XML
    ELEMENT OF A SPECIFIED NODE-SET:

    • <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">
    XSLT <XSL:SORT> ELEMENT
    • TO SORT THE OUTPUT, SIMPLY ADD AN <XSL:SORT> ELEMENT INSIDE THE
    <XSL:FOR-EACH> ELEMENT IN THE XSL FILE:

    • <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">
          <xsl:sort select="artist"/>
    XSLT <XSL:IF> ELEMENT
    • THE <XSL:IF> ELEMENT
    • TO PUT A CONDITIONAL IF TEST AGAINST THE CONTENT OF THE XML FILE, ADD AN
    <XSL:IF> ELEMENT TO THE XSL DOCUMENT.

    • SYNTAX
    • <xsl:if test="expression">
      ...some output if the expression is true...
    </xsl:if>
    WHERE TO PUT THE <XSL:IF> ELEMENT
    • <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">
          <xsl:if test="price &gt; 10">
            <tr>
              <td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td>
              <td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td>
              <td><xsl:value-of select="price"/></td>
            </tr>
          </xsl:if>
        </xsl:for-each>
    XSLT <XSL:CHOOSE> ELEMENT
    • SYNTAX
    • <xsl:choose>
      <xsl:when test="expression">
        ... some output ...
      </xsl:when>
      <xsl:otherwise>
        ... some output ....
      </xsl:otherwise>
    </xsl:choose>
    WHERE TO PUT THE CHOOSE CONDITION
    <xsl:for-each select="catalog/cd">

    <tr>

    <td><xsl:value-of select="title"/></td>

    <xsl:choose>

    <xsl:when test="price &gt; 10">

    <td bgcolor="#ff00ff">

    <xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td>

    </xsl:when>

    <xsl:otherwise>

    <td><xsl:value-of select="artist"/></td>

    </xsl:otherwise>

    </xsl:choose>

    </tr>

    </xsl:for-each>
    EXAMPLE
    • HTTPS://WWW.W3SCHOOLS.COM/XML/TRYXSLT.ASP?XMLFILE=CDCATALOG&XSLT
    FILE=CDCATALOG_CHOOSE2

    • OUTPUT

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