NANOGENERATOR

PRESENTATION BY: SANDEEP

TARUN
SHREYASI
 INTRODUCTION
Due to the rapid-growing fossil fuel consumptions and global energy
demands in the past decades, intensive efforts have been made to
the development of alternative renewable energy technologies.
Nanogenerator(NG)was developed using piezoelectric nanomaterials
or nano-composites to harvest mechanical energy. Based on the
coupling of triboelectric friction and electric induction, triboelectric
nanogenerator(TENG)has been developed a new principle for
scavenging mechanical energy with orders of magnitude enhanced
electric output. TENG device was implemented to the tires of a toy
vehicle and instantaneously powered 6 commercial light emitting
diodes(LEDs)while the vehicle was moving on the ground.This
development offers a solution to recovering the friction energy from
rolling tires,have a practical application potential in improving the
vehicle's fuel efficiency, especially for electrical cars
 WHAT IS A NANO GENERATOR?
➢ Nanogenerator converts mechanical
energy into electrical energy based
on structured piezoelectric material
➢ A piezoelectric nanogenerator is an
energy harvesting which utilizes a
temperature difference between two
ends of the device for driving the
diffusion of charge carriers.
NANOTECHNOLOGY

NANOGENERATOR

PIEZOELECTRIC
TRANSDUCER
 NANO GENERATOR
➢ Ability to create electrical potential when compressed, expanded or changed in shape
(Mechanical energy to Electrical energy).
➢ The voltage generated can be quiet high.
➢ Made up of piezoelectric crystals like quartz and topaz.
➢ Unaffected by external electromagnetic fields.
➢ Can be used both as generators and actuators
➢ Made of Zinc Oxide (ZnO) wires called Nanowires.
➢ Produces 45 millivolts whenever the zinc wire is pulled back and forth.
➢ With simultaneous output from many nanowires, we can generate high power.
➢ The wires have a diameter of 100 to 300 nm and length of about 10 to 100 micron.
 Component Used

➢ Metal Rim
➢ Metal Electrode(Copper foil)
➢ Amplifier
➢ Single Electrode triboelectric
Nanogenerator(Liquid PDMS
elastomer and cross-linker)
 Working
The working principle of nanogenerator is based on the
phenomenon of triboelectric effect(mechanical energy into
electric energy). Once the PDMS thin film is brought to
contact with the ground, electrons are transferred from the
ground into the surface of PDMS. The movement of
electrons caused friction that is able to generate energy.
The output energy can be taken out in amplifier and this
amplifier connect to Ground Low Voltage(GLV).
 Working

The charge transfer is a direct result of the

different electron affinity between PDMS and
other materials that could be a ground(smooth or
rough).
 COST
⮚ Besides the unprecedented output
performance, this new energy technology
also has a number of other advantages,
such as low cost in manufacturing and
fabrication
⮚ A triboelectric nanogenerator can be
made from common household items.
⮚ So , required items are
 Material Cost
Copper ₹528/kg
PDMS Elastomer ₹180/kg
Sandpaper ₹400
Cross Linker ₹1100/kg

⮚ So approx. cost will be around ₹2000-3000

for fabrication.
 Output
⮚ Fig. present the open-circuit voltage (VOC) and
short-circuit current density (JSC) from the S-
TENG when the wheel was moving at a linear
speed of 0.3m/s. The average peak values of the
VOC and ISC reached 2.3V and 2.0 μA,
respectively.
⮚ Fig. presents a typical
electric output pattern
through
charging/discharging cycle.
Each step along the current
curve is marked
accordingly.
⮚ In Fig. ,the charge
increased from 0 to 4.6nC
when the PDMS film re-
contacts the ground ,
suggesting the releasing of
electrons from the PDMS
surface.
⮚ The peak VOC increased from
0.3V to 4.2V as the moving
speed increased from 0.1m/s
to 0.5m/s. A clear linear
relationship between the
average peak VOC and the
speed was obtained yielding a
slope of 9.7Vm1 s.
Shows the average peak
VOC of the S-TENG as a
function of load; while the
wheel was moving at the
same linear speed of
0.3m/s.
Fig. shows the resistance-
dependent output voltage
and current when the load
resistor was swept from
0.1MΩ to 100MΩ (the wheel
was moving at the same
speed of 0.3m/s with none
extra weight loading).
Fig. The maximum output
power was found to be
1.79mW at a load resistance
of 10MΩ, corresponding to a
power density of
14.92mW/cm3 for PDMS
films.
 Efficiency

⮚ The maximum instantaneous power was

obtained to be 1.79mW at a load resistance
of 10MΩ, corresponding to the highest
energy conversion efficiency of 10.4%.
 CONCLUSION
⮚ The output from the wheel rolling can be enhanced by
adding multiple S-TENGs on the wheel surface.
⮚ The total induced charge increased monotonically from
31.8 nC to 60.6 nC as the number of PDMS units
increased from 1 to 4
⮚ The successful development of PDMS S-TENG on
wheels for friction energy harvesting suggests it can be
an inherent part of a tire owing to the single electrode
design
 CONCLUSION
⮚ By optimizing the load resistance on the external
electric circuit , the maximum instantaneous
power was found to be 1.79mW at a load
resistance of 10MΩ, corresponding to the
highest energy conversion efficiency of 10.4%.
Multiple STENGs on the wheel surface can
effectively enlarge the number of induced
charges, and thus improve the electric output
power.
THANK YOU!