ROBOTICS

AND
HUMANITY
Robotics 
is a branch of engineering
that involves the conception,
design, manufacture, and
operation of robots.
This field overlaps with
electronics, computer science,
artificial intelligence,
mechatronics, nanotechnology
and bioengineering.
 The International Federation
Of Robotics (IFR) and United
Nations Economic Commission
for Europe (UNECE) made it
their task to formulate a
working definition for service
robots. A preliminary extract of
the relevant definition is (IFR,
2012):
Robot
An actuated mechanism
programmable in two or more
axes with a degree of autonomy,
moving within its environment, to
perform intended tasks.

Autonomy is the ability to

perform intended tasks based on
current state and sensing without
human intervention.
 U axis B axis

T axis

6 AXIS ROBOT
R axis
S axis: rotate the body horizontally.
L axis: move the body forward/backward
U axis: move the arm up/ down
R axis: rotate the arm
B axis: move the tip of the arm up/down
L axis
T axis: rotate the tip of the arm
S axis
 A service robot is a robot
which operates semi- or fully
autonomously to perform
services useful to the well-
being of humans and
equipment, they exclude
manufacturing operations, and
they are capable of making
decisions and acting
autonomously in real and
unpredictable environments to
accomplish determined tasks. 
  Personal service robots,
which include vacuum cleaning
and lawn-mowing robots, tele-
and remote-presence, elder
care and medical companions,
and entertainment and leisure
robots, including toy robots,
hobby systems and kits, and
home education and training
robots are examples of
personal service robots which
are usually operated by a lay
person.
Example:
1. Domestic robot

Swimming pool cleaner

2. Automated wheelchair
3. Personal mobility assist robot

4. Pet exercising robot

 A professional service robot or a
service robot for professional use is a
service robot used for a commercial
task, usually operated by a properly
trained operator. Examples are
cleaning robot for public places,
delivery robot in offices or hospitals,
fire-fighting robot, rehabilitation
robot and surgery robot in hospitals.
In this context an operator is a person
designated to start, monitor and stop
the intended operation of a robot or
a robot system.
Examples:
Delivery robot in offices or hospitals

FIRE-FIGHTING ROBOT
surgery robot in hospitals
Nicola Dixon
A heart transplant patient is believed to be the
first in the world to have undergone a
hysterectomy operation performed using a
surgical robot. ( remove woman uterus)
GEORGE DEVOL
An american inventor
known for developing
UNIMATE, the first material
handling robot employed in
industrial production work.
ROLES PLAYED BY ROBOTICS:
• Ease the workload of
mankind.
• Make life more efficient and
less stressful.
• Perform complicated
activities.
• Pleasure, entertainment in
parks and exhibits.
• Toys, child-friendly
ISAAC ASIMOV
was an American writer
and professor of
biochemistry at Boston
University. He was known
for his works of science
fiction and popular science.
Asimov was a prolific writer
who wrote or edited more
than 500 books and an
estimated 90,000 letters
and postcards.
Isaac Asimov's "Three Laws of
Robotics"
1. A robot may not injure a
human being or, through
inaction, allow a human
being to come to harm.

2. A robot must obey orders

given it by human beings
except where such orders
would conflict with the First
Law.
3. A robot must protect
its own existence as
long as such protection
does not conflict with
the First or Second Law
Ethical Dilemmas
on Robots
1.SAFETY
• Who should be held
accountable if someone’s
safety is compromised by a
robot?

• Who should be blamed, the

robot, the agent using the
robot, or the maker/inventor
of the robot?
2. EMOTIONAL COMPONENT
• It is not completely
impossible for robots to
develop emotions.
• What if robots become
sentient?
• Should they have their own
set of right to be upheld,
respected, and protected by
humans?