Integrated

Wireless Networks

Salman Maqsood
L1F09MSCS1027
 Presentation Outline
• Introduction to Integrated Wireless
Networks
• Why we need them?
• Architectural Detail
– Homogeneous Integration
– Heterogeneous Integration
• Security Analysis
• Conclusion
 Introduction
Integration of different wireless networks into one single
unit, so that a mobile user can continue his work without
getting disconnected from his session.
The connection switches from one network coverage area
to another network coverage area without interrupting
the user.
Introduction
Introduction
Introduction
 Need of IWN
• Mobility of user
• E-commerce everywhere
• Always stay-in-touch
• No restriction of a single network coverage
Types of Wireless Devices
Types of Integration of Wireless
Networks
• Homogeneous Wireless Networks Integration

• Heterogeneous Wireless Networks Integration

 Homogeneous WIN
Several types of WLANs are emerging and become profusely used, allowing
users to roam inside their home, enterprise or campus without interrupting their
communication sessions.

They are organized in form of hotspots, i.e. relatively small networks covering a
particular location providing broadband and easy-to-use Internet access to their
customers while supporting high traffic load.

Classical hotspot examples are airports, hotels, dense urban areas, campuses,
and private offices.

Using hot-spots, providers can offer subscribers not only wide-area connectivity
through the cellular infrastructure, but also increased bandwidth via Wi-Fi
access points deployed in high concentration areas.
 Homogeneous WIN
• Similar kind of wireless networks are integrated together.

• A single wireless networks has small range. So by integrating with

other wireless servers whose areas overlaps, the area of the
wireless zone can be increased.

• For example, there is a wireless network at UCP. Another nearby

wireless LAN can be at Shaukat Khanam. And they both have some
overlapping area. There is a third wireless LAN which is distant from
UCP but overlaps some wireless area of SK. So the three wireless
servers can be integrated to make one big wireless network which
will have in result a bigger area as combination of the areas covered
by all of these networks.
 Homogeneous WIN
• Same is the case with mobile networks integrity.

• Roaming Facility is an example of Mobile Networks Integrity.

• For instance, ufone works in most parts of the famous countries. Its
because they have a limited integration with the companies in those
areas with an appropriate Service Level Agreement.

• The switching of one network to another is automated.

• Similarly all the mobile companies in the country can be integrated

with their appropriate SLA to provide coverage in the entire country.
Homogeneous WIN
Homogeneous WIN
Scalability of homogenous IWN
• Limitless scalability if the end hot-spots have a
neighboring hot-spot with an overlapping area.

• Two hot-spots agree on a specific SLA and

allow to share each others bandwidth.
 Security Analysis
• If simple browsing, least security is required.

• If any private conversations, or file transfer,

encryption and key locking can be used.

• Every user can have a firewall installed on his

laptop to protect it from outside un-ethical
accesses.

• AAA implemented at routers

 CISCO Routers Analysis
Benefits

The Cisco Wireless LAN Network Assessment Service and Cisco Wireless LAN Performance
Analysis Service provide a comprehensive approach to assessing the architecture,
performance, and security of your current wireless network. These services are delivered by
wireless experts who draw on their extensive wireless experience in wireless network
architectural design and RF engineering. This expertise is supported by a combination of
best-in-class tools, methodologies, and superior access to Cisco product development
engineers to help you make the most of the sophisticated performance and security features
of your Cisco Unified Wireless Network.
These services help you to:

● Improve the reliability and resiliency of your wireless network by identifying architectural
gaps and deviations from best practices
● Improve the performance of your wireless LAN network to strengthen network service for
business-critical mobility applications
● Optimize your RF coverage to reduce the risk of service disruption for mission-critical
business applications
● Strengthen the security of your wireless LAN infrastructure by identifying vulnerabilities
and deviations from best practices
 CISCO Routers Analysis
Cisco 890 Series Router
Unified Wireless Management: Configuration and management of access
points is automated and simplified without manual intervention.
Zone-based Policy Firewall
• Stateful inspection transparent firewall
• Advanced application inspection and control
• HTTPS, FTP, and Telnet authentication proxy
• Dynamic and static port security
• Firewall stateful failover
• VRF-aware firewall

Content Filtering Integrated Threat Control

• Subscription-based content filtering with • IPS
Trend Micro • Control Plane Policing
• Support for Web-sense and Smart-filter • Flexible Packet Matching
• Cisco IOS Software black and white lists • Network foundation protection
 CISCO Routers Analysis
Cisco 890 Series Router
WLAN Security Features

• Standard 802.11i

• WPA and AES (WPA2)

• EAP authentication: Cisco LEAP, PEAP, Extensible Authentication Protocol Transport Layer Security
(EAP TLS), Extensible Authentication Protocol- Flexible Authentication via Secure Tunneling (EAP-FAST),
Extensible Authentication Protocol-Subscriber Information Module (EAP-SIM), Extensible Authentication
Protocol-Message Digest Algorithm 5 (EAP-MD5), and Extensible Authentication Protocol-Tunneled TLS
(EAP-TTLS)

• Static and dynamic Wired Equivalent Privacy (WEP)

• Temporal Key Integrity Protocol/Simple Security Network (TKIP/SSN) encryption

• MAC authentication and filter

• User database for survivable local authentication using LEAP and EAP-FAST

• Configurable limit to the number of wireless clients

• Configurable RADIUS accounting for wireless clients

• Preshared keys (PSKs) (WPA-small office or home office [WPA-SOHO])

 CISCO Routers Analysis
Cisco 890 Series Router
 Heterogeneous WIN
Wireless access technologies have characteristics that perfectly complement each
other.

Cellular systems and 3G provide wide coverage areas, full mobility and roaming,
but traditionally offer low bandwidth connectivity and limited support for data traffic.

On the other hand, WLANs provide high data rate at low cost, but only within a
limited area

WiMAX can supply mobile broadband for anyone, anywhere, whatever the
technology and access mode.

More specifically, WLANs are expected to provide access to IP-based services

(including telephony and multimedia conferencing) at high data rates and reduced
coverage in public and private areas. In particular, current WLANs offer a bit rate of
54 Mbps with IEEE 802.11g in the 2.4 GHz frequency band
 Heterogeneous WIN
In order to provide the mobile users with the requested multimedia services and
corresponding quality of service (QoS) requirements, these radio access technologies will
be integrated to form a heterogeneous wireless access network.

Such a network will consist of a number of wireless networks will form the 4th generation
(4G) or next-generation of wireless networks. Heterogeneous wireless access, extensive
support of IP-based traffic and excellent mobility support are among the main drivers for
the architecture of such generation.

The 4G wireless networks will offer several advantages for both users and network
operators.
• Users will benefit from the different coverage and capacity characteristics of each
network throughout the integrated networks. In this way, a large set of available resources
will allow them to seamlessly connect, at any time and any place, to the access
technology that offers the best possible quality.

• For the network operators, the integration of all these technologies provides more
efficient usage of the network resources, and may be the most economic and
technologically diversified means of implementing the future anywhere, anytime, always-
on visions, providing both universal coverage and broadband access.
 Heterogeneous WIN

Integration of heterogeneous wireless access networks.

Heterogeneous WIN

An example of Heterogeneous Networking Scenario

 Heterogeneous WIN

Different Mobile Networks connected to a Core Network

 Heterogeneous WIN

Loose Coupling Scenario Tight Coupling Scenario

 Heterogeneous WIN
Categories of handoff Facilities

• Vertical macro mobility: Different wireless access network under different

administrative domains.

• Horizontal macro mobility: Same type of wireless access networks under different
administrative domains.

• Vertical micro mobility: Different wireless access networks under same

administrative domain.

• Horizontal micro mobility: Same type of wireless access networks under same
administrative domain.
Existing Wireless Technologies
Signal Exchange during connection establishment

RNC : Radio Network Controller

SGSN: Service GPRS Support Node
GIF: GPRS Internetworking Function
Signal Exchange during UMTS-WLAN Handoff

RNC : Radio Network Controller

SGSN: Service GPRS Support Node
GIF: GPRS Internetworking Function
 Conclusion
• Formation of a global network
• No limitation of area or coverage
• Stay connected any time, any where.
• And last but not least, u will never get lost.