MOVEMENT OF SUBSTANCES ACROSS

THE PLASMA MEMBRANE

Important to:
Prevent excess water from entering the
cell
To let required molecules into the cell &
eliminate unwanted molecule.

Plasma membrane is semi permeable, only

certain molecule can move across it.
 MATERIALS EXCRETED FROM CELL

MATERIALS EXCRETED SOURCES

CO2 RESPIRATION

O2 PHOTOSYNTHESIS

NITROGENOUS BREAKDOWN OF
WASTE (UREA) EXCESS PROTEIN
MATERIALS REQUIRED BY CELL
MATERIALS REQUIRED UTILISATION

O2 CELL RESPIRATION

WATER PHOTOSYNTHESIS
CELL METABOLISM
MAINTAIN SOMOTIC PRESSURE

VITAMINS & MINERALS ION NORMAL FUNCTION OF CELL

GLYCEROL & FATTY ACIDS RAW MATERIALS FOR LIPID

SYNTHESIS
GLUCOSE CELL RESPIRATION
THE STRUCTURE OF PLASMA MEMBRANE

ACCORDING TO FLUID MOSAIZ MODEL PLASMA MEMBRANE

COMPOSED MAINLY OF PHOSPHOLIPIDS & PROTEIN.
EACH PHOSPHOLIPID CONSIST OF TWO PARTS:
A POLAR HEAD- HYDROPHILIC- ATTARACTED TO WATER.
NON POLAR TAIL-HYDROFOBIC- REPEL WATER

PHOSPHOLIPID BILAYER ALSO CONTAIN CHOLESTEROL

FUNCTION TO STRENTEN THE PLASMA MEMBRANE &
MORE FLEXIBLE.
IT ALSO CONTAIN TWO TYPE OF PROTEIN:
PORE PROTEIN: FORM A CHANNEL ALOWS SMALL
MOLECULES OR IONS THROUGH THEM.
CARIER PROTEIN: TRANSPORT BIGGER MOLECULES SUCH
AS GLUCOSE, AMINO ACID & VIT C.
 TRANSPORT ACROSS MEMBRANE

PASSIVE ( no need
ACTIV
energy)
E Uses carier & pore protein Randomly movement of molecule

Facilitated diffussion Osmosis Simple diffusion

NEEDS ENERGY Uses Carrier &

Lipid bilayer Lipid bilayer
Pore Protien • movement from higher
region of concentration to
Uses protein carrier at • follow • Follow lower concentration
Plasma membrane concentration concentration •Until equiblibrium achieved
-Carry ions & molecules gradients gradient:
-eg: ions intake by root •Until equiblibrium Does not need • eg : CO2 , O2 & lipid soluble
hairs of plant achieved energy (Vit A, D, E,& K fatty acid &
Molecules will bind at •No need energy - carry only water glycerol).
Specific site & Carrier eg:Carrier Protien: molecules
Protein change shape to Glucose, amino
allow molecules across. acid.
-Against concentration Pore Protien: small
-gradient ions K+ ,Na+, Ca 2+
 GIVE COMPARISON BETWEEN
DIFFUSION & OSMOSIS?

COMPARE & CONTRAST PASSIVE

TRANSPORT & PASSIVE
TRANSPORT?
 TYPE OF TRANSPORT EXAMPLE
SIMPLE EXCHANGE OF GASES DURING
PHOTOSYNTHESIS
DIFFUSSION EXCHANGE O2 & CO2 AT ALVEOLUS

FACILITATED ABSORPTION OF FOOD NUTRIENT

DIFFUSSION
OSMOSIS ABSORPTION OF WATER FROM ONE
CELL TO ANOTHER IN
TRANSPIRATION.
ABSORPTOIN OF WATER BY
ROOTS.
FORMATION OF URINE IN KIDNEY.
ACTIVE Intake of ions to root
TRANSPORT Transport of nutrient through
placenta.
Transport potasium ion into
nerve cell
CRITERIA FOR DETEMINING SOLUTION
CONCENTRATION.
LOWER CONCENTRATION HIGHER CONCENTRATION
OF SOLUTION OF SOLUTION

LOWER SOLUTE HIGHER SOLUTE

CONCENTRATION CONCENTRATION
HIGHER WATER LOWER WATER
MOLECULE MOLECULE
CONCENTRATION CONCENTRATION
LOWER OSMOTIC HIGHER OSMOTIC
PRESSURE PRESSURE
 TYPE OF SOLUTIONS.
HYPOTONIC ISOTONIC HYPERTONIC
SOLUTION SOLUTION SOLUTION

A SOLUTION IN A SOLUTION IN A SOLUTION IN

WHICH THE WHICH THE WHICH THE
CONCENTRATION SOLUTE CONCENTRATION
OF SOLUTE CONCENTRATION OF SOLUTE
OUTSIDE THE S IS EQUAL TO OUTSIDE THE CELL
CELL IS LOWER THAT OF THE IS HIGHER THAN
THAN THE CYTOPLASMIC THE
CONCENTRATION FLUID CONCENTRATION
INSIDE THE CELL INSIDE THE CELL