VIRTUAL CLASS

RULES
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• Take note of the essential points of
the lessons to be discussed.
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MODULE 1
Culture, Society and Politics: The
Faces and Perspectives of
Anthropology, Sociology and
Political Science
 LESSON 1
The Social Sciences: Sociology,
Anthropology and Political Science
 The study of human beings, their
origins, their societies, and their
cultures. It roots its observations to
the origin of humans to fully
understand the societies and
cultures of the human oorganisms
through time..

ANTHROPOLOGY
 The scientific study of a society -
its origin, development, networks,
and functions. Its primary purpose
is to explain how different
elements in the environment affect
and influence the growth and life
of a person.

SOCIOLOGY
 The study of politics, its elements,
its institutions, and processes. It
covers matters relating to the
allocation of power, the roles and
systems of governance, political
behavior, and public policies.

POLITICAL
SCIENCE
 LESSON 2
Interpretative Dynamics of Society
 STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONALIST
APPROACH

EMILE DURKHEIM

The society is like the human

body. Each part (representing
different social institutions)
performs its function, contributing
to the social equilibrium in the
society and maintaining order.
Role conformity, specialization,
and social division is important.
 CONFLICT APPROACH

KARL MARX

Conflict is normal for change to be facilitated

and is seen as a good mechanism for further
improvement in the society.
 SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONIST
APPROACH

MAX WEBER
Focuses on meaning-making. How we give
meaning to the symbols and things around us,
and how these meanings change through our
interaction with people.
LESSON
3.1
ASPECTS OF CULTURE
 BRONISLAW MALINOWSKI

"Culture is the handiwork of man and the

medium through which he achieves his ends."
 EDWARD BURNETT TYLOR

Culture is a complex whole, which encompasses

beliefs, practices, values, attitudes, laws, norms,
artifacts, symbols, knowledge, and everything
that a person learns and shares as a member of
the society
 CHARACTERISTICS OF CULTURE

• Culture is a product of our human behavior.

• Culture is subject and varies from one group of people to the next.
• Culture is learned and transmitted through education.
• Culture is continuous and cumulative
• Culture is gratifying and idealistic
 FUNCTIONS OF CULTURE

• Defines situations
• Defines attitudes, values, and goals
• Defines myths, legends, and the supernatural
• Provides behavioral patterns
 TYPES OF CULTURE
CULTURE MATERIAL CULTURE

NON-MATERIAL CULTURE

NORMS
SYMBOLS
FOLKWAYS

VALUES MORES
AND
BELIEFS
LAWS
MATERIAL CULTURE NON-MATERIAL CULTURE

PHILIPPINE FLAG NATIONALISM

SYMBOLS AND VALUES AND
NORMS
LANGUAGE BELIEFS
FOLKWAYS MORES LAWS
 THREE WAYS TO
VIEW CULTURE

• ETHNOCENTRISM

• XENOCENTRISM

• CULTURAL RELATIVISM
ETHNOCENTRISM
XENOCENTRISM
 CULTURAL
RELATIVISM
LESSON
3.2
ASPECTS OF SOCIETY
 SOCIETY

A GROUP OF PEOPLE LIVING TOGETHER

IN ORGANIZED COMMUNITIES,
FOLLOWING COMMON LAWS, VALUES,
CUSTOMS, AND TRADITIONS.
 INSTITUTION
AN ORGANIZED SYSTEM OF SOCIAL
RELATIONSHIPS THAT REPRESENT A
SOCIETY'S COMMON VALUES AND
PROCEDURES.

A STABLE, VALUED, AND RECURRING

PATTERN THAT GUIDES THE BEHAVIOR
OF PEOPLE IN A SOCIETY.
SOCIAL INSTITUTIONS

• FAMILY
• EDUCATION
• ECONOMY
• GOVERNMENT
• MEDIA
• RELIGION
 SOCIAL FACTS

MANNERS OF ACTING, THINKING, AND

FEELING EXTERNAL TO THE INDIVIDUAL
WHICH ARE INVESTED WITH A COERCIVE
POWER BY WHICH THEY EXERCISE
CONTROL OVER A PERSON.

GENERALLY HAPPENS IN A SOCIETY,

WHILE HAVING INDIVIDUAL AND
SUBJECTIVE MANIFESTATIONS AND
CAUSES.
 INTEGRATION

BELONGINGNESS TO THE SOCIAL GROUP.

REGULATION

RULES OF THE SOCIAL GROUP

CONCEPT OF SOCIOLOGICAL IMAGINATION
BY C. WRIGHT MILLS
 SOCIOLOGICAL IMAGINATION
A QUALITY OF MIND THAT WILL HELP
ONE TO USE INFORMATION AND TO
DEVELOP REASON IN ORDER TO ACHIEVE
LUCID SUMMATIONS OF WHAT IS GOING
ON IN THE WORLD, AND WHAT IS GOING
ON WITHIN INDIVIDUALS

USING CONTEXT AND PERSONAL

NARRATIVE TO UNDERSTAND SOCIETAL
PHENOMENA
 PUBLIC ISSUE

THE GENERAL CONTEXT IN WHICH THE

SOCIETY INFLUENCES THE INDIVIDUAL

PERSONAL TROUBLE

THE INDIVIDUAL CONTEXT, WHICH

HAPPENS ON THE SELF, THE IMMEDIATE
RELATIONS, AND THE PEOPLE AROUND
THE INDIVIDUAL
QUESTIONS?