Normal Distribution and

Probabilities
Objectives

1 2 3
To know what is To standardize a To compute for
normal normal probabilities of
distribution and distribution standard normal
its features distribution
Normal Distribution

 Most important and widely used

distribution in statistics.
 It is sometimes called the "bell curve“
or "Gaussian curve“ after Carl
Friedrich Gauss.
 The normal curve is an illustration of
the normal distribution
Parameters that define normal
distribution
 Mean (x̅ )
 Standard
deviation (σ)
Features of Normal
Distribution
 Symmetric around their mean
 Mean, median, and mode of a
normal distribution are equal
 Area under the normal curve is
equal to 1 or 100%.
 Normal distributions are denser
in the center and less dense in
the tails
 The curve has no boundaries and
is asymptotic to x-axis
Empirical Rule
 68% of data falls within the first
standard deviation from the mean.
 95% fall within two standard
deviations.
 99.7% fall within three standard
deviations.
Sample problem
using Empirical Rule
 The weights of adorable, fluffy
kittens are normally distributed
with a mean of 3.6 pounds and a
standard deviation of 0.4
pounds. What percent of
adorable, fluffy kittens weigh
between 2.8 and 4.8 pounds? 
   13.5% + 34% + 34% + 13.5% + 2.35%  = 97.35%
Standard Normal
Distribution (Z)
  
 Sample Problem

  
 Sample Problem

  
Computing for Probabilities of Standard
Normal Distribution
  
 Graph of Sample Problem 1

P(z < 2.5) Z = 2.5

0 1 2
Positive Z-score Table
Negative Z-score Table
 References
 Mane, D. E. (n.d.). Introduction to Normal Distributions. Retrieved 2018,
August 15 from http://onlinestatbook.com/2/normal_distribution/intro.html
 O'Connor, J.J., & Robertson, E. F. (n.d.). Johann Carl Friedrich Gauss.
Retrieved 2018, August 15 from http://www-groups.dcs.st-
and.ac.uk/history/Biographies/Gauss.html
 Brereton, R.G. (2014). The Normal Distribution. Journal of Chemometrics, 28,
789–792
 Statistics How To. (n.d.). Empirical Rule: What is it? Retrieved 2018, August 15
from http://www.statisticshowto.com/empirical-rule-2/
 Dalisay, C., Erandido, E., Nieva, R., Rivera, R., Villarica, E., Delos Reyes, G.
A., … Sicat, A. (2018). Mathematics in the Modern World. Antipolo: Our Lady
of Fatima University.
 References
 Stat119 Review. (n.d.). Solving Empirical Rule Questions. Retrieved 2018,
August 15 from http://www.stat119review.com/more-material/normal-
distribution/empirical-rule/solving-empirical-rule-questions
 Free Mathematics Tutorials. (n.d.). Normal Distribution Problems with
Answers. Retrieved 2018, August 15 from
http://www.analyzemath.com/statistics/normal_distribution.html