TENSES

Presented by APRIANI BERUTU (AKP – 7B)

 PAST
The past perfect tense is a tense used to show events that
PERECT occurred in the past before another event occurred.

Formula :
 
(+) S + Had + V3
 
(-) S + Had + Not + V3
 
(?) Had + S + V3
Example:
(+) He had been a newspaper report before he became a
businessman.
(-) Budiman's family had not been in Aceh before the tragedy of
tsunami happened in 2004.
(?) Had Susi been a doctor when you met her last year? yes,
she had / no, she had not.
 The past perfect continuous tense is used to express a long
PAST action in the past before another action occurs.
 
PERFECT Example:
CONTINUOUS  
When the guest came, we had been waiting for an hour.
.

Formula :
 
S + Had + been + V-ing
 
S + Had + not + been + V-
ing
 
Had + S + been + V-ing
Example:
(+) I had been waiting here for 2 hours before finally the bus
came.
(-) The patient had not been waiting for the doctor for an hour but
only for 10 minutes before finally he came
(?) Had you been waiting for the teacher for 15 minutes before
finally he came?
PAST FUTURE To declare events that will be taking place in the past but did not
CONTINUOUS happen.

Formula :
 
S + would / should + be +
Example:
V1-ing
My mother would be cooking cake at this hour yesterday morning
 
I would be attending the conference if I was in Jakarta
S + would / should + not +
If he came, the show would be taking place smoothly
be + V1-ing
 
Would / should + S + be +
V1-ing
 Used to state an action or event that will have finished at
PAST the time but did not happen.
 
FUTURE Example:
PERFECT • I bought Yaris yesterday, but the color choice I like is not
available.
• If you had deposited your money in the bank yesterday,
they will not be lost.
 

Formula:
S + would / should + have +
V3 Example:
  I would have graduated from University last year if I had finished
S + would / should + not + writing my thesis
have + V3 The ship would not have sunk to the bottom of the sea if it had
  not hit the huge rock
would / should + S + have + Would you have come to my party last week if you had been
V3? invited?
 
 This tense is used to tell the length of an action that will
already be taking place during the lamp period but cannot
PAST FUTURE be carried out due to other reasons
Example:
PERFECT
CONTINUOUS • Mr Yurnalis will be teaching for 15 years at our school
but he passed away last year.

Formula :
S + Would / Should + Have
+ been + V-ing
 
S + Would / Should + not +
have + been + V-ing
Would / Should + S + Have
+ been + V-ing
Example:
• Fajri would have been waiting for his friend for 2 hours at 8 pm
but he had gone at 8.30 pm
• I would have been staying in Canada for a year, but I had
been sick
 Used to indicate future plans or express requests.
Example:
 
WILL • I will go to Bernie's house tomorrow.
• Will you turn down your music?

Used to invite or show obligation in a very formal situation.

Example:
SHALL
 
• Shall we dance?
• You shall not enter this area
 Can / could when translated means able or able. Actually
the use of can and could is very similar and sometimes
interchangeable. The difference is, can is used to describe
CAN the current situation, while could is used to describe events
in the past. In addition, it could also be considered more
polite to make more polite requests.

If described, the can / could functions include:

 
Show ability
 
Marie can sing really well

Formula:
(+) Subject + can + Main
Verb1 + obj Example:
(-) sub + Modal Verb +not (+) you can complete this work
+ verb 1+ object (-) you cannot earn money
(?) Modal verb + sub + (?) can you buy a car?
verb 1+ obj