[VERB+ed] or irregular verbs
I ate pizza yesterday.
Did I eat pizza yesterday?
I did not eat pizza yesterday.
USE 1 Completed Action in the Past
•I saw a movie yesterday.
•I didn't see a play yesterday.
•Last year, I traveled to Japan.
USE 2 A Series of Completed Actions
I finished work, walked to
the beach, and found a nice
place to swim.
USE 3 Duration in Past
•I went to Brazil in 1990.
•Kim studied Chinese for 5
years. /2 years ago/
USE 4 Habits in the Past
•They never went to school,
they always skipped class.
USE 5 Past Facts or •She was shy as a child, but
Generalizations
now she is very outgoing.
•Did you live in Texas when
you were a kid?
[VERB] + s/es in third person
I eat pizza everday.
Do you eat pizza everday.?
She does not eat pizza everday.
USE 1 Repeated actions • I work in UBDHC.
• Dorj speaks English.
• Tom cleans the car.
USE 2 Facts and Generalization • Cats like milk.
• Darkhan is small city.
• NY in America.
USE 3 Scheduled event near in the future
• The bank opens at 8 am.
• When does class begins
tomorrow.
USE 4 Now /Non-Continuous Verbs/
• Do you have a pen.
• He has his pen his hand
ADVERB PLACEMENT PASSIVE
• You only speak English. • Once a week, the car
• Do you only speak English is cleaned by Tom
[ will +VERB]
I will eat pizza tomorrow. Will you eat pizza tomorrow?
She will not eat pizza tomorrow.
FORM Be going to – am/is/are+going to+verb
• You are going to meet Jane tonight.
•Are you going to meet Jane tonight?
•You are not going to meet Jane tonight.
USE 1 WILL to Express a Voluntary Action
• I will send you the data when I get it. USE
• A: I am really hungry.
B: I will make some sandwiches.
USE 2 WILL – Express a promise
• I will call you when I arrive.
USE 3 BE GOING TO – Express a Plan
• John is going to build a summer house.
USE 4 WILL or Be going to – Express a prediction
• I will be pass IELTS exam. Jonh is going to be the next VP.
ADVERB PLACEMENT PASSIVE
• You will never speak English.
A summer house is going
• Will you ever speak English? to be built by John.
[was/were + VERB+ing] [had + past participle] [had + been + VERB+ing]
I was eating pizza when she called. I had eaten all of the pizza when you arrived. I had been eating pizza for 2 hours when you arrived
Were you eating pizza when she called? Had you eaten all of the pizza before I arrived? Had you been eaten pizza for 2 hours when I arrived?
You were not eating pizza when she called. You had not eaten all of the pizza when I arrived. I had not been eaten pizza for 2 hours when you arrived.
USE 1 Interrupted Action in the Past USE 1 Completed Action Before Something in the Past
•I was eating when she called. •I did not have any money USE 1 Duration Before Something in the Past
•While we were having the •They had been talking for over
because I had lost my wallet.
picnic, it started to rain. an hour before Tony arrived.
USE 2 Specific Time as an Interruption USE 2 Duration Before Something in the Past •She had been working at that company for three years when it
•Last night at 6 PM, I was eating dinner. I started eating at 6 pm. (Non-Continuous Verbs) went out of business.
•We had had that car for ten
•Yesterday at this time, I was sitting at my desk at work. •How long had you been waiting to get on the bus?
years before it broke down.
USE 3 Parallel Actions •I was studying while he was
USE 2 Cause of Something in the Past
making dinner.
•Were you listening while he IMPORTANT Specific Times with the Past Perfect Using the Past Perfect Continuous before another action in the
•She had visited her Japanese
was talking? past is a good way to show cause and effect.
USE 4 Atmosphere relatives once in 1993 before she •Jason was tired because he had been jogging.
When I walked into the office, several people were busily typing, moved in with them in 1996. •Sam gained weight because he had been overeating.
some were talking on the phones, the boss was yelling
directions. ADVERB PLACEMENT
ADVERB PLACEMENT
USE 5 Repetition and Irritation with "Always“ same “used to” The examples below show the placement for grammar adverbs •You had only been waiting there for a few minutes when she
•She was always coming to class late. /negative emotion/ such as: always, only, never, ever, still, just, etc. arrived.
• I had previously studied English before I moved to NY.
•He was constantly talking. He annoyed everyone. •Had you only been waiting there for a few minutes when she
•Had you previously studied English before you moved to NY? arrived?
Remember to put the words "always" or "constantly" between "be" and "verb+ing."
[am/is/are + VERB+ing ] [has/have + past participle] [has/have + been + VERB+ing]
I am eating pizza right now. I have eaten that pizza many times. I have been eating pizza for 2 hours.
Are you eating? Have you eaten that pizza many times? Have you been eating pizza for 2 hours?
She is not eating pizza right now. She has not eaten that pizza many times. I have not been eating pizza for 2 hours.
USE 1 NOW • I am working in UBDHC. USE 1 Unspecific time before now • I have lost key USE 1 Duration form the past until now
• Are you watching TV? • I think I have met him once before. •They have been talking for the
• Tom is writing the letter • Many tourists have visited that castle. last 2 hours.
• I have been studying in Santis since August.
USE 2 Longer actions in progress now USE 2 Experience PASSIVE
• I have been to Korea 4 times. • What have you been doing the last 30 minutes?
• I am studying to become an • That castle has been visited
• He has never traveled by train. by many tourists USE 2 Recently, Lately
engineer. •Recently, I have been feeling really tired.
USE 3 Change over time
USE 3 Near future • I am going out with my friends. •She has been watching too much television lately.
• You have grown since the last time I saw you.
• Is he coming next week? • My English have really improved since I moved to USA. REMEMBER Non-Continuous Verbs/ Mixed Verbs
• I am not playing tonight. •Sam has been having his car for two years. Not Correct
USE 4 Accomplishment USE 5 An uncompleted action
•Sam has had his car for two years. Correct
USE 4 Repetition and Irritation with "Always • I have only awarded AAS. • Bill has still not arrived.
• She is always coming to • Man has walked on the Moon. • The rain has not stopped. ACTIVE & PASSIVE
class late. • I have been repairing a car for 3 hours.
USE 6 multiple action at different times
• He is constantly talking. • The army has attacked that city 6 times. • The car have been being repaired by me for 3 hours.
ADVERB PLACEMENT PASSIVE
USE 7 Duration form the past until now ADVERB PLACEMENT
• You are still watching TV. •The letter is being
• Are you still watching TV. • She has been in USA for 6 month. •I have only been waiting here for one hour.
written by Tom
• I have had a cold since last week. •Have you only been waiting here for one hour?
[ will be+VERB+ ing ] [ will have+past participle] [ will have been + VERB+ing]
I will be eating pizza when you arrive. I will have eaten all of the pizza by the time you arrive. I will have been eatening for 2 hours when you arrive.
Will you be eating pizza when I arrive? Will you have eaten all of the pizza the time I arrive? Will you have been eating pizaa for 2 hours when you arrive?
I will not be eat pizza when you arrive. I will not have eaten all of the pizza the time I arrive I will not have been eating pizza for 2 hours when you arrive.
FORM Be going to – am/is/are+going to+verb+ing FORM Be going to – am/is/are+going to have+past participle FORM Be going to – am/is/are+going to have been +verb+ing
•You are going to be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight. • I am going to have waited for her by the time her plane arrives tonight.
•Are you going to be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight? •Are you going to have waited for her by the time her plane arrives tonight? • I am going to have been waiting …..
•You are not going to be waiting for her when her plane arrives tonight. •You are not going to have waited for her by the time her plane arrives. • Are you going to have been waiting…
• You are not going to have been waiting…
1 Interrupted action in the Future USE 1 Completed action before something in the Future USE 1 Duration before something in the Future
• I will be watching TV when she • By next May, I will have receive •They will have been talking for over
arrives tonight. my visa to Australia. an our by the time Thomas arrives.
• I am going to be staying at the Madison Hotel, if anything • I am going to have finished this essay by 3 pm. USE 2 Cause of the something in the Future
happens and you need to contact me.
USE 2 Duration before something in the Future
USE 2 Specific time as an interruption in the Future
• Tonight at 3 PM, I am going to be eating dinner.
•Jason will be tired when he gets home because he
USE 3 Paralel action in the Future
• I am going to be studying and he going to be making dinner. • They will have completed the project before deadline. will have been jogging for over an hour.
• By Monday, Susan is going to have had my book for a week.
•You are still going to be waiting for her when her plane arrives. ADVERB PLACEMENT • You will only have been learning ….
ADVERB PLACEMENT PASSIVE ADVERB PLACEMENT PASSIVE PASSIVE
• You will only have learned • The project will have been •The mural will have been being painted by the famous
• You will still be waiting her • Tonight at 3 PM, dinner is
when her plane arrives going to be being eaten by me a few words completed before the deadline artist for over six months by the time it is finished.