Anthropology Optional

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Introduction
• It is the study of biological &
cultural uniqueness & variations
of the most intelligent species
on the earth - Homo Sapiens.
• Anthropology, as a distinct
discipline with bio social nature
provides one with a opportunity
to explore human nature from
an overall perspective.
• It upholds human diversity as it
is a reality which needs to be
appreciated and accepted.

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Meaning –
• Meaningful understanding
of human beings requires
an analysis of human,
biological & social
peculiarities in an
integrated way.
• Anthropology looks at this
aspect in a holistic way.

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Definition
• The word Anthropology
is derived from Greek
word- ‘Anthropos’ –
means ‘human logos’
means study or science.
• Thus Anthropology can
be understood as the
study of human beings.

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Scope of
Anthropology

Broadly divided
into two mains
branches

Physical
Anthropology

Cultural
Anthropology

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• Human
Genetics
Physical • Human
Anthropology
can be
Paleontology
further • Ethnopology
subdivided in • Anthropometry
following • Biometry
sub-branches

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• Cultural
• Cultural anthropology
can be further sub
divided in following sub
branches
• 1.pre historic
anthropology
• 2.social anthropology

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• Physical anthropology
• Branch which concentrate on
the biological and evolution
of humanity
• Study human body,genetic
and the status ofman among
living being
• According to JE Manchip
white:physical antropology is
the study of physical
characterstics of the human
race

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• Cultural anthropology
• It studiy human culture.in
order to carry on this
personal& social life a man
invents a systemis called
culture.it is social heritage
and not transmitted
through heredity.It is
learnt through social
imitation,experience &
understanding

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• Cultural anthropology studies
human customs
,moves,traditions,social life
,religion , art,science,literature,e-
conomic and political organization
• Social anthropologyis that part of
cultural anthropology which
devotes the primary attention to
thestudy of social structure and
religion rather thenmaterial
aspect to culture.It studies
different aspect of social structure

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• Development of Anthropology as a
discipline
• It stated to be a different discipline in
nineteenth century
• Considered as a product of scientific
development in western world
• Chales Darwin origin of
species(1858)accelerate the pace of
socio-cultural studies
• Influenced by Darwin a group of
intellectual species morgan taylor
reached to the conclusion
thatevolution did not operate only in
caser of physical aspect of mankind
but also cultural life

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• In 1859 paul broca founded
anthropological society in peris
• From 1840 to 1870 great debae
on ethnology and anthropology
lied to emergence of wordlike
anthropology,ethnology,ethnog
raphy,archelogy,prehistory
philology and linguistic
• After few year anthropology
gained a synthetic fabric and
chacter in both Europe & north
& south America

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• Lewis henry morgan
developed the general
theory of anthropology
,while he also funded a
socio-cultural
anthropology as its branch
• Theodone waitz developed
–physical anthropology
• Taylor has been recognised
as “father of Modern
Anthropology

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