m Work done by a constant force is given by the

P

 
 
  
 
 
  

 
 
m ¬he unit: ÚÚ 
  or 
 .

m Work is a 



m When the direction of force and
motion are same, ș = 0o,
therefore cos 0 = 1
m Work done:
6
m À force of 50 N acts on the block at the angle
shown in the diagram. ¬he block moves a
horizontal distance of 3.0 m. Calculate the work
being done by the force.
Work done,
W = F × s × cos ș
W = 50 × 3.0 × cos30o = 129.9J
xiagram above shows a 10N force is pulling a
metal. ¬he friction between the block and the
floor is 5N. If the distance travelled by the
metal block is 2m, find
m the work done by the pulling force
m the work done by the frictional force
m ¬he force is in the same direction of the motion.
Work done by the pulling force,
W = F × s = (10)(2) = 20J

m ¬he force is not in the same direction of motion,

work done by the frictional force
W = F × s × cos180o= (5)(2)(-1) = -10J
m À force is applied but no displacement
occurs.
m Àn object undergoes a displacement with
no applied force acting on it.
m ¬he direction of motion is perpendicular to
the applied force.
m inetic energy
m Gravitational potential energy
m Elastic potential energy
m Sound energy
m Heat energy
m Light energy
m Electrical energy
m Chemical energy
m inetic energy is the energy of motion.
m xeterminethe kinetic energy of a
2000kg bus that is moving with a
speed of 35.0 m/s.

m ÀNSWER: 1225000J
Ranjit runs up a staircase of 35 steps.
Each steps is 15cm in height. Given that
Ranjit's mass is 45kg, find the work
done by Ranjit to reach the top of the
staircase.
m In this case, Ranjit does work to overcome the
gravity.
Ranjit's mass = 45kg
Vertical height of the motion, h = 35 × 0.15
Gravitational field strength, g = 10 ms-2
Work done, W = ?

m W = mgh = (45)(10)(35 × 0.15) = 2362.5J

m Energy can be transferred from
one form to another, but it cannot
be created or destroyed.
m ¬he total amount of energy
always remains the same.
À coconut falls from a height of
18m to the ground. What is the
velocity at which the coconut hits
the ground? (g=10ms-2)

Ànswer: ›=18.97 ms-1

m ¬he rate at which work is done or
the amount of work done per
second.
6


m Power =
 
 
What is different between
lifting the weight
slowly and quickly?
À weightlifter lifts 160kg of weight
from the floor to a height of 2m above
his head in a time of 0.8s. What is the
power generated by the weightlifter
during this time? (g=10ms-2)

À

m Percentage of the energy input that is transformed
into useful energy.
r
 

   
m Efficiency =  !!"

 
 In a Force-
xisplacement graph,
work done is equal to
the

in between
the graph and the
horizontal axis.
¬he graph above
shows the force
acting on a trolley
of 5 kg mass over
a distance of 10
m. Find the work
done by the force
to move the
trolley.
m Energy is defined as  
P





m Work is done when energy is converted
from one form to another.
m Unit: Nm or Joule(J)
m Gravitational potential energy is the energy stored
in an object as the result of its vertical position
(i.e., height).
À ball of 1kg mass is droppped from a
height of 4m. What is the maximum
kinetic energy possessed by the ball
before it reached the ground?
Àccording to the principle of conservation of
energy, the amount of potential energy losses
is equal to the amount of kinetic energy gain.

Maximum kinetic energy

= Maximum potential energy losses
= mgh
= (1)(10)(4)
= 40J
m Elastic potential energy is the energy stored in elastic
materials as the result of their stretching or
compressing.
 xiagram shows a
spring with a load of
mass 0.5kg. ¬he
extention of the
spring is 6cm, find
the energy stored in
the spring.
¬he energy stored in the spring is the elastic
potential energy.