Module 2

Identifying and Stating the Problem

Prepared by
Mr. Benedict B. Diaz
LESSON 2:
Chapter 1 The Problem and its Background

1. Illustrate and explain theoretical / conceptual

framework
2. Describe the background of research
3. State relevant research questions
4. Indicate scope and limitations of study
5. Cite benefits and beneficiaries of study
 Background of Study
It includes information
which would focus
attention on the
importance and validity of
the problem. It is the
general orientation to the
problem area.
What can we see in
a background of
study?
The
Background
includes...
1. Discussion of the
problem in general and
the specific situations as
observed and
experienced by the
researcher.
The Background
includes...
2. Concepts and ideas
related to the problem
including clarification of
important technologies
The Background
includes...
3. Discussion of the
existing or present
conditions and what is
aimed to be in the
future or the gap to be
filled in
 Statement of the
Problem
It is the basic difficulty,
the issue, the area of
concern, the
circumstances which
exist, then, how they
ought to be.
 Statement of the
Problem
1. Objective
2. Research Questions
 Statement of the
Problem
1. Objective
It is the first part of
the problem where the
researcher states the
goals.
 Statement of the
Problem
2. Research Questions
These are the specific
questions which are to
be answered in the study
and are all in the
question form.
 Scope and Limitations of the Study
1. Scope
It describes the coverage of the
study which includes the terms of
concept, number of subjects or
population included in teh study as
well as the timeline when the
study was conducted.
 Scope and Limitations of the Study
2. Limitations
It cites factors or variables that are not to be
included and the boundary in terms of time
frame, number of students, participants or
respondents who are excluded.
 This study will focus on analyzing the structure of Philippine
Broadsheet columns and examining it to to reveal the ideologies
represented by it. Thus, this present study aims to create a critical
discourse analysis on Philippine Broadsheet Columns with the top three
most popular Broadsheets in the Philippines which are Philippine Daily
Inquirer, Philippine Star, and Manila Bulletin by analyzing 100 columns
per type of publication of broadsheet only. In addition, columns that will
be gathered must be identified its type for it can also be associated with
such underlying meaning.
Furthermore, the concepts such as prosodies, contextualization
signals, cohesion, discourse organization and thematic organization will
only be elaborated throughout the study. As mentioned above, the
columns’ textual structure will be only analyzed based on Locke (2004)
as its textual structure can represent a social practice or ideology the
author has. However, columns from the top three most famous
Philippine broadsheets is only involved in the study.
 Significance of
the Study
It presents who will benefit
out of the findings of the
study and how the problem
will be solved and specifically
pinpoints who will benefit
from such findings or results.
How do we create
the significance of
the study?
 Significance of the
Study
1. Refer to the
statement of the
problem.
 Significance of
the Study
2. Write from
general to
specific.