EML 4507

FINITE ELEMENT ANALYSIS AND DESIGN

Class time: MWF 3rd period Sect. 16a7 6th period Sect
3258
Classroom: 101 Little Hall
Instructor: Raphael T. Haftka
Office: 220 MAE-A
Office hours: MWF 9th period
Phone: 352-392-9595
E-mail: haftka@ufl.edu
http://www2.mae.ufl.edu/haftka/
Also: http://www2.mae.ufl.edu/haftka/ugfe

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 SYLLABUS
• Teaching Assistants
– TBA

• Textbook:
– Introduction to Finite Element Analysis and Design, by N. H. Kim and
B. V. Sankar, Wiley, 2008
• Required. Available in the University Bookstore

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 GRADES
• Quizzes
– Almost every lecture will have an online quiz associated with it. The
quiz can be taken as many times as you wish. You get full credit and a
bonus if you do it in the window around the corresponding lecture and
90% in the ‘late’ version that will be posted after the original version
expires. The highest grade is retained.
– Will need your feedback on quizzes since they are new for me.
• Homework
– Homework will be mostly ABAQUS software plus hand calculations to
verify or check on ABAQUS output.
• Exams
– Three in-term exams. Optional comprehensive final replaces lowest
exam (or missed exam even if it is lower than that exam).
– Exams will have only questions taken from the quizzes and quiz-like
lecture questions.

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 GRADES
• Grading
– Exams (45%), Quizzes (40%), Homework (15%)

A A- B+ B B- C+ C C- D+ D D- E
100 93.3 89.9 86.6 83.3 79.9 76.6 73.3 69.9 66.6 63.3 59.9
93.4 90 86.7 83.4 80 76.7 73.4 70 66.7 63.4 60

• Lectures
– Lectures (PPT or PDF files) will be posted on Canvas and web page
with solved Quiz-like questions. If you are familiar with material you
can take the quiz before the lecture in order to decide whether you
need to attend.
• Rules
– Since this is a large class, it would be difficult to accommodate
individual excuses. Therefore, all the rules will be strictly kept

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 Academic Honesty
• You have signed a statement of academic honesty
• You can discuss HWs and quizzes with classmates
• HW and Quizzes: each problem must be solved by yourself
• I will report all honor code violations to Student Conduct and
Conflict Resolution
• Violation during exam: Fail the course
• Violation in submitted HWs: One letter grade down
• Very large discrepancy (>30%) between quiz grades and
exam grades will lead to reduced quiz weight in grade
calculation.

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 SOFTWARE
• We will use a commercial finite element analysis software
called “ABAQUS” for homework
• Download software from http://
campus.3ds.com/simulia/freese
• ABAQUS help from several TAs who are seasoned users.

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 COURSE SCHEDULE

0. Mathematical Preliminaries
1. Stress-Strain Analysis
2. Bar and Truss Finite Elements
4. Beam and Frame Elements
6. Finite Elements for Plane Solids
5. Finite Elements for Heat Transfer Problems
7. Finite Element Analysis Procedure and Modeling
8. Structural Design Using Finite Elements

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 Rest of the lecture
• The rest of the lecture is not taken from the textbook, it is just
an attempt to acquaint you with the concept and fields of
applications of the finite element method.
• Look also at Wikipedia’s finite element entry.

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 INTRODUCTION TO FINITE ELEMENT METHOD
• What is the finite element method (FEM)?
– A technique for obtaining approximate solutions to boundary value
problems.
– Partition of the domain into a set of simple shapes (element)
– Approximate the solution using piecewise polynomials within the
element
F   xx  xy
 x  y  bx  0


  xy   yy  b  0
Structure
 x y
y

Fi
xe
d Piecewise-Linear Approximation
u
Element

x
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 INTRODUCTION TO FEM cont.
• How to discretize the domain?
– Using simple shapes (element)

– All elements
5 are
6 connected
7 8using “nodes”.
Nodes
1 2 3 Elements

1 2 3 4

– Solution at Element 1 is described using the values at Nodes 1, 2, 6,

and 5 (Interpolation).
– Elements 1 and 2 share the solution at Nodes 2 and 6. 10
 INTRODUCTION TO FEM cont.
• Finite element analysis solves for nodal values.
– All others can be calculated (or interpolated) from nodal solutions

u1 u2
N1 N2
x
L

u2  u1 Lx x
u ( x)  a  bx  u1  x u1  u2
L
– Displacement within the element L L

Interpolation (Shape) Function

u 1 1
 ( x)    u1  u2
– Strain of thexelement
L L

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 INTRODUCTION TO FEM cont.
• How to calculate nodal values?
– Construct a huge simultaneous system of equations and solve for
nodal values.
– Different physical problems have different matrices and vectors.

 K11 K12  K1n   u1   F1 

K K 22  K 2 n  u2   F2 
 21     
          
 
 K n1 K n 2  K nn  un   Fn 

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 EXAMPLE: FINITE ELEMENTS
• Plastic Wheel Cover Model
– 30,595 Nodes, 22,811 Elements
– Matrix size is larger than 150,000150,000.
– MSC/PATRAN (Graphic user interface)

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EXAMPLE: AUTOMOTIVE DOOR PANEL STAMPING

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EXAMPLE: AIRBAG DEPLOYMENT

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FORGING

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EXAMPLE: VORTICITY

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 YouTube Videos
• Two vehicle impact NCAC FEA FEM
– http://youtu.be/hrfcROMz2II
• Downmilling
– http://youtu.be/pYCOkIVLA_c
• Rolling
– http://youtu.be/E1d4WKkbtdY

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