ABC, an effective tool

for harmonic
elimination and
optimization in
multilevel inverter

By

Shridhar B.
Kulkarni

RIT, Islampur

M.Tech - I

1529010
 Contents
• Introduction
• Multilevel inverter
• Selective harmonic elimination
• ABC algorithm
• Implementation
• Conclusion
• References
 Introduction
• For improving inverter performance and
power quality there are different methods
• Harmonics
• Main objective is elimination of harmonics
• Use of multilevel inverter is increases
• Iterative methods of optimization are used to
find best switching angle
 Multilevel inverter
• What is multilevel inverter? What are the
types?
• Why multilevel inverter?
• What are the applications?
Concept – multilevel inverter

A multilevel inverter is a power electronic device which

is capable of providing desired alternating voltage level
at the output using multiple lower level DC voltages as
an input.

Types

1) diode-clamped multilevel inverter

2) flying capacitor multilevel inverter

3) cascaded multilevel inverter

 Why multilevel inverter?

1)Output voltages levels are doubled the

number of sources
2) The absence of extra clamping diodes or
voltage balancing capacitors
3)Sine wave can be approximated to a stepped
waveform having larger no. of steps
4) As no. of levels increases very fine staircase
waveform is obtained
 Applications
• Flexible ac transmission system (FACTS)
• High voltage direct current lines
• Electric vehicle drives
• DC power source utilization
• Power factor compensators
• Back to back frequency link systems
• Interfacing with renewable energy resources
etc.
Cascaded H-bridge
multilevel inverter
Each full-bridge
can generate three different
voltage outputs: +Vdc, 0, and
−Vdc.

The number of output phase

voltage levels in a cascaded
multilevel inverter is 2S + 1

Each H-bridge unit generates

a quasi-square waveform by
phase-shifting the
switching timings of its
positive and negative phase
legs.
Output Waveforms
 Artificial bee colony algorithm
• The artificial bee colony algorithm (ABC) is an optimization algorithm
based on the intelligent foraging behaviour of honey bee swarm, proposed
by Karaboga in 2005

• A bee colony consists of three kinds of bees: employed bees, on-looker

bees, and scout bees

• Functions of employed bees

• Functions of onlooker bees
• Functions of scout bees
ABC Flowchart
 Implementation
• The size of population of BA is 100.In
addition, the number of iterations for each run
is 200 and assumed as a termination criterion
• Objective function is,
 Selective harmonic distortion
• three variables θ1 , θ2 , and θ3 , where Vdc1, Vdc2, and Vdc3 are assumed to be
equal
• Considering equal amplitude of all dc sources, the Fourier series expansion of the
output voltage waveform will be written as

• The objective of SHEPWM is to eliminate the lower order harmonics while

remaining harmonics are removed with filter.
• To satisfy fundamental harmonic and eliminate fifth and seventh harmonics, three
nonlinear equations with three angles are generated
 Conclusion
• We can eliminate low order harmonics by
using SHEPWM strategy
• Bee algorithm is used to solve nonlinear
equation
• Best switching angle can be calculated by
using ABC
 REFERENCES
• Application of the Bee Algorithm for Selective Harmonic Elimination Strategy in Multilevel Inverters
Ayoub Kavousi, Behrooz Vahidi, Senior Member, IEEE, Reza Salehi, Mohammad Kazem Bakhshizadeh,
Naeem Farokhnia, Student Member, IEEE, and S. Hamid Fathi, Member, IEEE

• W. Fei, X. Ruan, and B. Wu, “A generalized formulation of quarter-wave symmetry SHE-PWM problems
for multilevel inverters,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 24, no. 7, pp. 1758–1766, Jul. 2009.

• [9] M. T. Hagh, H. Taghizadeh, and K. Razi, “Harmonic minimization in multilevel inverters using
modified species-based particle swarm optimization,” IEEE Trans. Power Electron., vol. 24, no. 10, pp.
2259–2267, Oct. 2009.

• T. Tang, J. Han, and X. Tan, “Selective harmonic elimination for a cascade multilevel inverter,” in Proc.
IEEE Int. Symp. Ind. Electron., Jul. 2006, vol. 2, pp. 977–981.

• Z. Du, L. M. Tolbert, and J. N. Chiasson, “Active harmonic elimination for multilevel converters,” IEEE
Trans. Power Electron., vol. 21, no. 2, pp. 459–469, Mar. 2006.

• M. G. Hosseini-Aghdam, S. H. Fathi, and G. B. Gharehpetian, “Elimination of harmonics in a multilevel

inverter with unequal DC sources usingthe homotopy algorithm,” in Proc. IEEE Int. Symp. Ind. Electron.,
Jun. 4–7, 2007, pp. 578–583.
Contact details --

Shreedhar.kulkarni65@gmail.com
THANK YOU