5G Networks –

Smooth Migration for Mobile Operators

Dr. Spiros Louvros

 5G beyond the inflection point
Peak rates >1 Gb/s
INSTALLATION TRANSFORMATION
300 Mb/s

42 Mb/s
40 kb/s 384 kb/s
2G 3G 4G

~700 ms Latency

~350 ms

~250 ms
~100 ms ~10 ms

2G 3G 4G

Source: Ericsson
 More Connections
50 Our vision
50 billion connected
devices

40
15 years
26 billion connected
devices
Connections (billion)

30

25 years
5 billion connected
20 people

100 years
10
1 billion connected
places

1900 2000 2010 2020

Source: Ericsson
Operator opportunities
OUTSIDE

Connected Car Media Mobile Money Connected

Partnerships Home

EVOLUTION

DISRUPTION

Smart Smart ERP Cloud M2M

Metering Appliances Systems Platforms

INSIDE

Source: Ericsson 4
 5G Architecture Concepts
Mobile broadband services Vertical #1 services Vertical #2 services
Business
(e.g. industrial) (e.g. automotive)
Services
Service Service Service Service Service Service Service Service Service Layer
#1 #2 #3 #1 #2 #3 #1 #2 #3

Business
Function
Vertical #1 Vertical #2 Vertical #3 Layer
function function function
repository repository repository
Northbound interface Northbound interface
Operator A Operator B

Orchestrator

Network function Network function

repository repository

Network
Function
Layer

Edge cloud Edge cloud Core cloud Edge cloud Edge cloud Core cloud

Infrastructure Layer

RAN and wireless Optical access Optical metro networkOptical core network RAN and wireless Optical access Optical metro networkOptical core network
backhaul network backhaul network

5GPPP: View on 5G Architecture

 Current Operator’s Network Capabilities
Improvement needed to meet
Attribute 3GPP Release-12 capability NGMN requirements Remarks

Data rate (per Up to 100 Mbps on average. > 10X expected on average
user) Peaks of 600 Mbps (Cat. 11/12). and peak rates.
> 100X expected on cell edge.

End-to-end 10 ms for two-way RAN (pre-scheduled). > 10X (smaller Technology should allow operators
latency Typically, up to 50 ms end to end if other factors to optimize topology to achieve 1
are considered (e.g. transmission, CN, Internet ms end to end.
proxy servers).

Mobility Functional up to 350 km/h (for certain bands up to > 1.5X Functional in 5G means sustained
50 km/h). service quality for the considered
No support for civil aviation. use case.
5G in addition should support civil
aviation use case.

Spectral DL: 0.074 – 6.1 b/s/Hz Pushing the envelope for Requirements should be specified
efficiency UL: 0.07 – 4.3 b/s/Hz substantial increase. by NGMN operators jointly with the
Depending on cell edge or average, deployment industry in due course.
scenario, and FDD or TDD.

Connection Typically –2000 active users/km 2

density

MCNS Report
Current Technology Improvement Trends
Improvement dimension Current trends
Network densification
Carrier Aggregation (CA)
Dual connectivity
Network
Network MIMO/CoMP
capabilities
capabilities Advanced receivers
Multi-RAT convergence

Enables License-assisted access

Enables for
for
operational
operational Traffic optimization (DPI, caching, rate adaptation)
sustainability
sustainability Offloading (local breakout, D2D, Wi-Fi)
SON
NFV
Enables
Enables for
for SDN
business
business agility
agility FMC
Value-added services (big data, AAA, billing, etc.)
API exposure

Security (HTTPS)
Content optimization (DASH)
NGNM 5G v.1
 Operator Needs
5G Radio Network Design
Principles 5G Core Network Design Principles
Leverage Spectrum Create Common Composite Core
 High radio frequency  Complexity Reduction, Reduction in network entities
 Unlicensed bands  C/U plane functional split
 C-plane, U-plane splits  No mandatory U-plane functions
HSS PCRF  Minimise legacy interworking
5G Cost-Effective Dense Network  RAT agnostic core
 Fixed/Mobile Convergence
 Integration of 3rd parties/user deployments


Self Organising/Optimisation ₪ Flexible Functions and Capabilities
Multi-RAT coordination
 Multi-Operator/Shared Infrastructure  Network Slicing
 Function Variance
 Flexible function/service/application allocation
Coordination/Cancellation Interference
 Leverage NFV/SDN
  State-disintegrated functions
Massive MIMO and CoMP
  Graceful degradation
Controlled Non-orthogonal interface
eNB
Coordination/Cancellation Interference
 Moving Cells, Relays, Hubs, D-RAN, C-RAN
 D2D
 Core Network Slicing / NFV

NGMN: whitepaper 5G v.1

 Network Slicing in EPC
- Example
External IP networks (Internet, corporate networks, operators services...)

P-GW(s) P-GW
APN 1 ,2 APN 3 PCRF
PCRF
Slice 2 S-GW Slice n
Slice 1
S-GW(s)
MME(s)
MME
EPC

E-UTRAN Operators internal IP network

S1-MME S1-U

X2 Network Slicing:
Creation of dedicated
eNodeB
eNodeB
eNodeB on-demand logical
networks
Cells
Cells
UE
Source: Ericsson UE UE
5G Radio Access Technologies

Massive MIMO Coverage Latency reduction

– air interface and
LAA Cost network

UDN Battery life High reliability

– diversity and
New MA Massive connection redundant
transmissions
mm Wave Procedure
simplification Battery life
Elevation Beamforming/
Massive MIMO Access/backhaul integration
Today: Access/Backhaul integration
Extensive use of radio backhaul in
– Same technology and
LoS at high frequencies
spectrum for access and
backhaul

Tomorrow:
– Many low-power nodes
– NLoS
– Access NW use higher
frequencies
– More efficient utilization of
available spectrum
Access and backhaul are – Reduced operation and
becoming more similar maintenance effort
Source: Ericsson
12 1-
© Ericsson AB 2015 | Session 1/1 | LZU1082171 R1A | Figure
RAN Densification

Source: Huawei

Traffic capacity
[Mbps/km2]

Source: Ericsson
D-RAN vs C-RAN Common Public Radio
Interface (CPRI)

Source: MCNS Project Rural

 C-RAN Transport
Options
Dedicated Fibre Microwave
• An attractive option for scenarios involving a large • For short distances (1 km or less)
installed base of available fibre.
Optical Transport Network (OTN) CPRI over Ethernet (CoE)
• Uses FEC and can increase the reach of metro optical • Cuts cost significantly
networks • CPRI data on the link is not sent continuously, but as
Attention: Utilizing OTN for CPRI transport requires discrete Ethernet 802.3 frames
careful consideration as some of the highly valuable • To meet latency and jitter requirements, CoE sometimes
features of OTN also add latency demands dedicated Ethernet links between endpoints
Passive Optical Network (PON) Wavelength-based systems
• An attractive option for CPRI transport in high-traffic • WDM offers a good combination of characteristics for
areas where small-cell deployment is most likely to CPRI transport
occur
• An economical choice, both in equipment costs and in its
use of fibre resources