IPD and BIM: 1

Changing the way the

industry operates
“CAD HELPS PEOPLE TO DRAW. BIM HELPS PEOPLE TO CONSTRUCT.”
(RICHARD SAXON, ECOBUILD, FEBRUARY 2009)

Authors: Joana Carvalho

Pedro Carvalho
Panagiotis Bismpas
The traditional methodology 2

 Disorganization
 Process sequenced – more time expected
 Lack of communication
 Lack of information sharing
 Design errors (main consequence)
 IPD - Integrated Project Delivery 3

Use the best collaborative tools for the team to work together.
It’s necessary to share knowledge and skills.
All the parts are interested on the final project which makes them more responsible,
creative and productive.

The team needs to have:

 Confidence between them
 Organization and leadership
Technology required to perform a
single model all integrated in virtual
construction
 IPD and BIM 4

• Optimize the management of information

• Application of sustainable measures Integrated Project
• Reduce energy Delivery
• Increase productivity with LEAN techniques

• Optimize the resources used

• Decrease the project time
• Flexibility to change
•
Building
Improve quality
• Decrease costs Information
• Mass production Modeling
“BIM is changing the way buildings look, the
way they function, and the ways in which they
are built.”
(BIM Handbook)
BIM - Building Information Modeling 5

Is a set of policies, processes and technologies

which create a working methodology capable for
managing the design and the project data in a digital
format throughout the life cycle of a building in a
virtual 3D design model.

This digital information model contains data about

the geometric characteristics, properties and
attributes of all the elements that make up a building
– the objects.
 6

"If a picture worth more than a

thousand words,
a model worth a thousand images.
“
(Edward McCracken)
 Example Final Model
(REVIT 2015) 7

MEP Model
(REVIT 2015)

IFC

Final Model
(SOLIBRI Model
Shecker)

Structures Model
(Tekla Structures 2.1) Architecture Model (interoperability between models)
(REVIT 2015)
Potentialities of BIM 8

Automatic Integration with Maintenance/oper

Viewing and Measurements analysis software ation (BIM FM) -
documentation
(BIM 6D)

BIM in the life Reduce time and

cycle of a building costs

Compatibility
Planning costs between
(BIM 5D) specialties

Planning and time

Rehabilitation Image from Autodesk
control
(BIM 4D)
IPD and BIM in Practice 9

What should be changed in building industry:

• Improve preconstruction estimation

• Faster decision-making

• Eliminate gaps and delays in procurement and project scheduling

• Avoid field errors by improving coordination

• Improve cost-efficiency by limiting the impacts of errors in the field

Changing the way industry operates 10

 Project Process:
o improved project phases
o early design decisions about “what, who, how, when”
o active participation from designers to builders

 Flexible Workplace:
o create global and extended project teams
o allow remote working locations and staff
o increasing industry’s workforce

 Contracts and Relationships:

o adjusted relationships based on expected outcomes
o shared risks and rewards
o changes in business models and scope of services
Does it really work? 11

Data analysis of 32 major projects prove that:

 40% elimination of unbudgeted change

 Cost estimation accuracy within 3% as compared to traditional estimates

 80% time reduction in cost estimation

 Savings of up to 10% of contract value through clash detections

 Up to 7% reduction in project time

(Survey from Stanford University’s Center for Integrated Facilities Engineering, S. AZHAR, 2011)
 Case study 12
 Project: Savannah State University, GA
 Cost: $12 million
 BIM scope: Planning, value analysis
 BIM cost to project: $ 5,000
 Cost benefit: $ 1,995,000

 Owner walked through 3 virtual models and

choose the best option
 3 different cost scenarios available
 Improved collaboration, communication and trust
between stakeholders
 In 2 weeks, cost savings of $ 1,995,000 at the
predesign stage

Image from Salman A., 2011

 Recent developments 13

 Drones in construction site

 Developer: University of Illinois department

of civil engineering

 Project: Sacramento Kings’ new stadium in

California

 Direct linked with BIM-database

 Scope: detection of slow progress, errors in

construction, workers safety
Drones in construction site 14

Images: MIT technology review

Advantages of BIM 15

Pre construction Project

• Decision-making • Accurate views

• Quality and building • Automatic update
performance • Generate 2D views
• Improvements in • Cost extraction
collaboration on IPD • Integration of various projects
 Advantages of BIM 16

During construction Operation and maintenance

• BIM model information as a • Management and maintenance of
basis for manufacturing facilities
components • Delivering information to the
• Quick reaction to changes maintenance of business
• Detection errors or omissions premises
before construction
• Best implementation of LEAN
techniques
• Synchronization between the
design and construction
management
Disadvantages and future needs of BIM 17

 Expensive investment
-software, hardware and formation
 Lack of qualified knowledge of industry players
 Breaking productivity during the adaptation phase
Disadvantages and future needs of BIM 18

 Interoperability limitations
 Complex structures, limitations on IFC (sharing information format)

 Standardization of processes
-standards for colaboraty proccess methods

 Copyrights
-share information may compromise
Future of BIM 19

 Development of BIM Tools

 Integrated Design-Build Services and Agreements

 Building Product Manufacturers: Intelligent Product Specs

 Construction Regulation: Automated Code-Checking

 Lean Construction and BIM

Finally... 20

 The benefits of integrated practice are receiving wide review and extensive
experience using IPD on specific projects has been accumulated.

 Leading AEC firms increasingly recognize that future building processes will
require integrated practice of the whole construction team and will be facilitated
by BIM.

BIM handbook
 References 21

 Eastman, Chuck, et al. BIM handbook: A guide to building information modelling for owners,
managers, designers, engineers and contractors. John Wiley & Sons, 2011.
 Yan H and P Damian, Benefits and Barriers of Building Information Modelling, 12th International
Conference on Computing in Civil and Building Engineering, Beijing 2008
 Autodesk Whitepaper, Improving Building Industry Results through Integrated Project Delivery and
Building Information Modeling, 2007
 Salman Azhar, Building Information Modeling (BIM): Trends, Benefits, Risks, and Challenges for the
AEC Industry, Leadership and Management in Engineering , July 2011
 MIT Technology Review, www.technologyreview.com/news/540836/new-boss-on-construction-sites-is-
a-drone/, 2015