Group Members

T A N IA N A S EE M

TANZILA MUSHTAQ
ADEEL MALIK

FA I S A L A M J A D
A BD U L BA S I T
 Contents

Background to Ethical Contexts

Influences on Personal Ethics

Communication and Ethical Issues

Conclusion
 Background To Ethical Context

Ethics is about making right & wrong decision.

 Ethical principles center around

(1) Fairness. (5) Service.

(2) Quality. (6) Integrity.
(3) Excellence. (7) Compassion.
(4) Honesty. (8) Dignity.
 Ethical Situation

Making ethical decisions is easy when you know the

facts, the events arc unambiguous, and the choices
are clear. But it is different when evidence is missing,
and multiple points of view conflict.
 Ethics As A Communication Issue

We communicate our values and beliefs to others via

verbal and nonverbal behavior. We arc defined in the
eyes of others according to the way we behave.
Observing other people making the right choices
inspires us and supports others to do the same.
 Ethics In Corporation

Corporations are only as good as the people working

within them.
Organizational behavior is individual behavior

collectivized.
We are constantly faced with ethical issues. You will

find it difficult to study, work, or live in an

environment free of ethical decisions.
INFLUENCES ON PERSONAL ETHICS

Everyone either young or older makes ethical

decisions.
Our personal ethics are shaped by five major
influences:
(1) Influential people in your life.
(2) Cultural norms.
(3) Philosophical positions.
(4) Local, state & federal laws that govern individual
behavior.
(5) your personal religious views.
Figure

Individual
Ethics
 1. Religion

Religion throughout the world are major foundations

for ethical behavior among followers.

Using religion as the grounding for your ethical

behavior means you act according to what you

believe God wants you to do.
 Christianity Islam
Christians take advice Muslims follow the
from the Bible. teaching of
Mohammed, the Arab
prophet and founder of
Islam.
 Buddhism Confucianism
Buddhists adhere to Confucianists follow the
the writings of
Gautama Buddha. teachings of the ancient
Chinese philosopher,
Confucius. Man
 2. People

Our family members & friends exert strong influence on our

ethics.
 Our parents & other family members shaped our ethical

value system early on.

According to a research it indicates that we perceive

ourselves to be more ethical than other people with whom

we compare ourselves. This means that most of us think we
are more ethical than everyone else.
 3. Culture

It is the learned values, perceptions, wants and

behavior from family & other important institutions.

Our culture taught you certain ethical values. If you

grew up in a city, you may have different values from

someone who was raised in a small town.
Each culture, over time, acquires its own set of

values.
 4. Philosophy

Philosophy is a study of logic.

 Two major types of philosophical inquiry are:

(1) Descriptive Ethics 

(2) Normative Ethics
Descriptive  Normative
Ethics  Ethics

It reflect facts about It involves

the moral discovering,

judgments or formulating, and
beliefs of a person defining
or group of people. fundamental moral
principles.
 Types Of Normative Ethics

Theologism: A moral perspective that attempts to

pattern actions according to God's will.
 Deontology: The study of moral obligations or
duty.
Teleology: The study of evidence of design in
nature.
Utilitarianism: A form of teleology that argues
that an act is morally right if it maximizes utility--
that is, if the number of people helped is greater than
the number of people harmed.
 5. Law

Law represents the minimum standard of behavior.

Acting ethically means following the law.

Some individuals view ethics from a legal

perspective.
 Communication & Ethical Issues

Communicating ethically in the business arena

challenges you on several levels. Legal issues have an
impact on you personally and on the organization to
which you belong.
 Legal Issues

Harassment: Irritating another person on a

repeated basis. It can occur between coworkers or

between persons of different cultures.

Plagiarism: It is also an ethical issue. It involves

taking the ideas or written material of another

person and using it as one's own.
Cont…

Copyright: It affords legal protection for one's

creative efforts. A copyright is granted to an author,

publisher, or distributor for the exclusive
publication, sale and distribution of an original work.
Key Areas for Ethical Communication

It is important for you to focus on ethical

communication in three key areas.

(1) Personal Written and Spoken Messages

(2) Cross-Cultural Messages
(3) Advertising Messages
(1) Personal Written and Spoken Messages:

    Our messages, both written & spoken demonstrate

not only the message we intend but also a message
regarding our values & integrity.

(2) Cross-Cultural Messages:

It is natural that misunderstandings occur in the

workplace. Many people from different cultures lived &
worked together. Our world has become a global village,
& our work force reflects that diversity.
Cont…

(3) Advertising Messages:

It is ethically wrong to advertise products in ways
that confuse. Tell the truth don't misrepresent, and
don't manipulate language to create a false
impression.
Ethics & Organizational Responsibility

Organizations dominate our life & workplace. These

organizations typically attempt to create a corporate
culture. But the task is difficult. Our individual
ethical beliefs are extremely complex & diverse.

Organizations are stronger than individuals;

organizations have access to money, which gives
them the power to influence others.
 Conclusion

Ethics is often a communication issue.

Try to communicate in an ethical way because every

one is observing your action.

We have to show better ethics in both formal & in-

formal way.
Modeling ethical behavior is an important

managerial tool.