Power Point Lectures To Accompany: Tomorrow's Technology and You, 9e

Power Point
Lectures to
accompany
Tomorrow’s
Technology and
You, 9e
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Slide 1
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Printed in the United States of America.
Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Slide 2

Tomorrow’s
Technology
and You 9/e
Chapter 1
Our Digital Planet

Tomorrow’s Technology and You 9/e
Chapter 1
Objectives
 Describe several ways digital technology plays a critical role

in modern life
 Discuss several key trends in the evolution of computers and

digital technology
 Describe the major types of computers and their principle

uses
 Explain how the explosive growth and evolution of the

Internet is changing the way people use information
technology

Chapter 1
Objectives (cont.)
 Explain how our information age differs from any time that
came before
 Discuss the social and ethical impact of information

technology on our society

Chapter 1
Creating Communities on the Living Web
 MySpace creates an online community

experience for young people. Tom
Anderson and Chris DeWolfe
are the founders
 Flickr creates a community for

people to share their pictures.

Chapter 1
Living in a Nondigital World
 Computers are no longer a luxury but rather a

commodity.
 Computers and their applications are involved in all

aspects of our daily life.

Chapter 1
Computers in Perspective
 Every computer in use today follows the basic plan laid out
by Charles Babbage and Lady Lovelace.

Chapter 1
The first real computers:

 1939: Konrad Zuse completed the first programmable,
general-purpose digital computer.
 About the same time, the British government was

assembling a top-secret team of mathematicians and
engineers to crack Nazi military codes.
 1943: The team led by mathematician Alan Turing and
others completed Colossus, considered by many to be
the first electronic digital computer.

Chapter 1
The first real computers (cont.):

1939: Iowa State University professor John Atanasoff
developed what could have been the first electronic digital
computer, the Atanasoff-Berry Computer (ABC).
The first real computers (cont.):

1944: Thanks to a one million dollar grant from IBM,
Harvard professor Howard Aiken developed the Mark I.

Chapter 1
 The first real computers (cont.):
John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert

helped the U.S. effort in World War II
by constructing a machine to calculate
trajectory tables for new guns.
 ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and

Computer)
After the war, Mauchly and Eckert

started a private company called Sperry
and created UNIVAC I, the first
general-purpose commercial computer.

Chapter 1
 Vacuum tubes were used in early computers.
 Transistors replaced vacuum tubes starting in 1956.
 By the mid-1960s transistors were replaced by integrated

circuits.

Chapter 1
Integrated circuits brought:
 Increased reliability
 Smaller size
 Higher speed
 Higher efficiency
 Lower cost

Chapter 1
 1971: The first microprocessor was invented by Intel

engineers.
 The PC (personal computer) revolution began in
1970:
Apple
Commodore
Tandy
 Moore’s law–Gordon Moore predicted that the number of
transistors that can be packed into a silicon chip of the same
price would roughly double every two years.

Chapter 1
Computers Today: A Brief Taxonomy
 Desktop computers haven’t completely replaced big computers,

which have also evolved.
 Embedded computers
 Special-purpose computer: Dedicated
computers that perform specific tasks.
Controlling the temperature and humidity
Monitoring your heart rate
Monitoring your house security system
 The program is etched on silicon so it
cannot be altered. This is called firmware.

Chapter 1
 Personal computers and workstations

PCs serve a single user at a time
PCs are a tool for:
 Enhancing productivity
 Creativity
 Communication
PCs can be classified as:
 Desktop
 Workstation
 Laptop

Chapter 1
Personal computers and workstations

(cont.)
Desktop computer
 A PC designed to sit on a desk or
table for extended periods of time
 Common components:
• Tower with internal key
components
• Monitor
• Keyboard
• Mouse
• Speakers
 Has one or more power cables
connecting it to an electrical outlet

Chapter 1
Personal computers and workstations (cont.)

 Workstations
 High-end desktop computers with massive
computing power used for high-end interactive
applications
 As workstations become less

expensive and desktops become
more powerful, the line that
separates them is becoming as
much a marketing distinction
as a technical one.

Chapter 1
Personal computers and

workstations (cont.)
 Laptop, or notebook,
computers are personal
computers designed with
portability in mind.
 Some components are

left off to help keep
size and weight down.

Chapter 1
Handheld devices
Handheld devices are small enough to
tuck into pockets and serve the needs
of users who value mobility over a full-
sized keyboard and screen.
PDA (personal digital assistant)
• Palm
• Pocket PC
Smart phones
• iPhone

Chapter 1
Servers
 Computers designed to provide
software and other resources to
other computers over a network.

Chapter 1
Mainframes and supercomputers

Mainframes
 Used by large organizations, such as banks
and airlines, for big computing jobs
 Communicate with mainframe
through terminals
 Multiple communications
at one time through process
of timesharing

Chapter 1
Mainframes and supercomputers (cont.)
Supercomputers
For power users who need access to the

fastest, most powerful computers made

Chapter 1
Computer Connections: The Internet Revolution
Networks
Connect devices together
1960s: Internet developed with backing of the U.S.

government

Chapter 1
 The Internet explosion–over a billion people with Internet access by

the end of 2005
Electronic mail
 E-mail software
World Wide Web
 Led the Internet’s transformation from a text-only
environment into a multimedia landscape incorporating
pictures, animation, sounds, and video

Chapter 1
 The Internet explosion–over a billion people with Internet access by

the end of 2005 (cont.)
 Web browsers
 Programs that in effect, serve as navigable windows into
the Web
 Hypertext links
 Tie together millions of Web pages created by diverse
authors
 Internet supports varied activities
 eBay used to make international transactions
 Real-time multiplayer games

Chapter 1
Into the Information Age
 In the history of our society we have had:

An agricultural age
An industrial age
 Now we are in a new age, the information age:

More and more people earn their living working with
words, numbers, and ideas.

Chapter 1
Living with digital technology

 Explanations: clarifying technology
 Computer literacy is already improving our day-to-
day lives and careers.
 Applications: digital technology in action
 Applications enable you to use a computer for
specific purposes.

Chapter 1
Living with Digital Technology
Implications: social and ethical issues

 The threat to personal privacy posed by large databases and
computer networks
 The hazards of high-tech crime and the difficulty of keeping
data secure
 The difficulty of defining and protecting intellectual property in
an all-digital age

Chapter 1
Living with Digital Technology
Implications: social and ethical issues (cont.)

 The threat of automation and the dehumanization of work
 The abuse of information as a tool of political and economic

power
 The emergence of biodigital technology
 The dangers of dependence on

complex technology

Chapter 1
Working the Web
 Web search strategies
 Get to know your search engines
 Be specific when you search
 Know your plusses and minuses
 Be selective
 Triangulate
 Beware of urban legends
 Organize your favorites
 Protect your privacy
 Be conscious of cookies and bugs
 Remember that online shopping isn’t always better
 Shop with care

Chapter 1
Computer ethics
 ACM (Association for Computing Machinery)
 Guidelines for deciding how to “do the right thing:”
 Know the rules and the law
 Don’t assume that it’s OK if it’s legal
 Think scenarios
 When it doubt, talk it out
 Make yourself proud
 Remember the golden rule: Do unto others as you would have
them do unto you
 Take the long view
 Do your part

Chapter 1
Lesson Summary
 Computers have evolved at an

incredible pace since Charles
Babbage’s plan for an Analytical
Engine.
 Computers today come in all
shapes and sizes, with specific
types being well-suited for
particular jobs.
 Connecting to a network
enhances the value and power of
a computer:
 Internet
 WWW
 Email

Chapter 1
Lesson Summary (cont.)
 Computers and information

technology have changed
the world rapidly and
irreversibly.
 Emerging technologies, such

as artificial intelligence, offer
promise for future
applications.
 Computers threaten our

privacy, our security, and
perhaps our way of life.
 Information technology is
here to stay.

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Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Slide 2

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Slide 3

 Describe several ways digital technology plays a critical role

 Discuss several key trends in the evolution of computers and

 Describe the major types of computers and their principle

 Explain how the explosive growth and evolution of the

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Slide 4

 Discuss the social and ethical impact of information

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Slide 5

 MySpace creates an online community

 Flickr creates a community for

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Slide 6

 Computers are no longer a luxury but rather a

 Computers and their applications are involved in all

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Slide 7

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Slide 8

The first real computers:

 About the same time, the British government was

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Slide 9

The first real computers (cont.):

The first real computers (cont.):

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Slide 10

 The first real computers (cont.):

John Mauchly and J. Presper Eckert

 ENIAC (Electronic Numerical Integrator and

After the war, Mauchly and Eckert

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Slide 11

 Vacuum tubes were used in early computers.

 Transistors replaced vacuum tubes starting in 1956.

 By the mid-1960s transistors were replaced by integrated

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Slide 12

Integrated circuits brought:

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Slide 13

 1971: The first microprocessor was invented by Intel

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Slide 14

 Desktop computers haven’t completely replaced big computers,

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Slide 15

 Personal computers and workstations

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Slide 16

Personal computers and workstations

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Slide 17

Personal computers and workstations (cont.)

 As workstations become less

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Slide 18

Personal computers and

 Some components are

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Slide 19

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Slide 20

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Slide 21

Mainframes and supercomputers

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Slide 22

Mainframes and supercomputers (cont.)

For power users who need access to the

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Slide 23

Connect devices together

1960s: Internet developed with backing of the U.S.

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Slide 24

 The Internet explosion–over a billion people with Internet access by

Copyright © 2009 Pearson Education, Inc. Publishing as Prentice Hall Slide 25

 The Internet explosion–over a billion people with Internet access by