Occupational Health

and Safety in Schools

Paul Michael Hernandez, MD,
MOH
Assistant Professor
University of the Philippines Manila

PSHOA 35th Annual Convention, Ace Hotel, Pasig City

15 April 2016
 2

Session Objectives
GENERAL OBJECTIVE: At the end of the
session, participants should be able to relate
provisions of the Philippine Occupational Safety
and Health Standards to the school setting.
 3

Occupational Health
"Occupational health should aim at:
• the PROMOTION AND MAINTENANCE of the
highest degree of physical, mental and social
well-being of workers in all occupations;
• the PREVENTION amongst workers of
departures from health caused by their working
conditions;
 4

Occupational Health
"Occupational health should aim at:
• the PROTECTION of workers in their
employment from risks resulting from factors
adverse to health;
• the PLACING AND MAINTENANCE of the
worker in an occupational environment adapted
to his physiological and psychological
capabilities;
 5

Occupational Health
“…and, to summarize, THE ADAPTATION OF
WORK TO MAN AND OF EACH MAN TO HIS
JOB.”
- Joint ILO/WHO Committee on Occupational
Health, 1950/1995
 6

Core OHS Principles (Alli, 2001)

1. All workers have rights.
2. Occupational health and safety policies must
be established in the national, local and
enterprise levels.
3. There is need for consultation with the social
partners.
 7

Core OHS Principles (Alli, 2001)

4. Prevention and protection must be the aim of
occupational health and safety programmes
and policies.
5. Information is vital for the development and
implementation of effective programmes and
policies.
6. Health promotion is a central element of
occupational health practice.
 8

Core OHS Principles (Alli, 2001)

7. Occupational health services covering all
workers should be established.
8. Compensation, rehabilitation and curative
services must be made available to workers
who suffer occupational injuries, accidents and
work-related diseases.
9. Education and training are vital components of
safe, healthy working environments.
 9

Core OHS Principles (Alli, 2001)

10.Workers, employers and competent authorities
have certain responsibilities, duties and
obligations.
11. Policies must be enforced.
 10

Philippine OSH
Standards
Rule 1000 General Provision
Rule 1020 Registration
Rule 1030 Training of
Personnel in OSH
Rule 1040 H&S Committee
Rule 1050 Notification and
Keeping of Records of
Accidents and/or
Occupational Diseases
Rule 1960 OH Services
 11

Rule 1001 Purpose and Scope

The objective of this issuance is to protect
every workingman … through safe and
healthful working conditions… consistent
with national development goals and with
the State’s commitment for the total
development of every worker as a
complete human being.
 12

1003 Administration and Enforcement

1. DOLE shall administer and enforce
the provisions of this Standards.
2. Employers shall provide access to
its premises and records for DOLE to
determine compliance with the
Standards.
 13

1003 Administration and Enforcement

3. Aside from special visits, establishments
shall be inspected at least once a year
to determine compliance with the
provisions of this Standards.
4. The enforcement officer shall determine
reasonable periods of compliance with
recommendations.
 14

1005 Duties of Employers and Workers

Duties of Employers Duties of Workers

a. furnish a place of a. cooperate with the

employment free from employer.
hazardous conditions b. make proper use of
b. give complete job all safeguards and
safety instructions safety devices
c. comply with the furnished and shall
Standards; and
follow all
d. use only approved instructions given by
devices and
the employer.
equipment.
Rule 1030 Training of
Personnel in Occupational
Safety and Health
 16

1033 Training and Personnel Complement

Number of Workers Number of Safety Man
Hazardous Workplace
200 and below 1 part-time
>200 to 1000 1 full-time
For every 1000 workers 1 full-time
Non-hazardous Workplace
<1000 1 part-time
For every 1000 1 full-time

A part-time safety man should allot ≥ 4 hours per week.

Rule 1040 Health and Safety
Committee
 18

Rule 1041 General Requirements

In every place of employment, a health and

safety committee shall be organized within
sixty (60) days after this Standards takes
effect...
and for new establishments within one (1)
month from the date the business starts
operating...
In both cases the Committee shall reorganize
every January of the following year.
 19
Rule 1042 Types and Composition of H&S Committee
Comm. Worker Chair Members Secretary
Type No.
A >400 Mana 2 Dept 4 MD FT Safety
ger or Heads Workers Man
B >200 to rep. 1 3 MD
400 Superv Workers /RN
isor
C 100- 1 RN PT Safety
200 Forem Man
D <100 an RN
/FA
E ≥ 2 in a Chair 1 from 2 Appointe
bldg. of each Workers d or Bldg.
bldg. from Adm.
each
 20

Rule 1043.01 H&S Committee (Duties)

1. Plans and develops accident prevention
programs for the establishment.
2. Directs the accident prevention efforts of
the establishment in accordance with the
safety programs safety performance and
government regulations in order to prevent
accidents from occurring in the workplace.
3. Conducts safety meetings at least once a
month.
 21

Rule 1043.01 H&S Committee (Duties)

4. Reviews reports of inspection, accident
investigations and implementation of program.
5. Submits reports to the manager on its
meetings and activities.
6. Provides necessary assistance to
government inspecting authorities in the
proper conduct of their activities such as the
enforcement of the provisions of this
Standards.
 22

Rule 1043.01 H&S Committee (Duties)

7. Initiates and supervises safety training for
employees.
8. Develops and maintains a disaster
contingency plan and organizes such
emergency service units as may be necessary
to handle disaster situations pursuant to the
emergency preparedness manual for
establishments of the Office of Civil Defense.
 23

Rule 1044 Terms of Office of Members

Designation Term of Office
Department head 1 year
Workers in Types A or B 2 years
Workers in Types C, D 1 year
or E
Chairman Permanent except for
Physician/Nurse Type E (1 year)
Safety Man
 24

Rule 1045 Duties of the Employers

1. Establishes and adopts in writing
administrative policies on safety.
2. Reports to the enforcing authority in two
(2) copies of the policies adopted and
the health and safety organization.
 25

Rule 1045 Duties of the Employers

3. Reports to the enforcing authority having
jurisdiction at least once in every three
(3) months, counting from January, the
health and safety program of the
organization.
4. Acts on recommended measures by the
health and safety committee.
 26

Rule 1046 Duties of the Workers

1. Works in accordance with accepted
safety practices and standards.
2. Reports unsafe conditions and practices
to the supervisor by making
suggestions for correction or removal
of accident hazards.
3. Serves as members of the Health and
Safety Committee.
 27

Rule 1046 Duties of the Workers

4. Cooperates actively with the Health and
Safety Committee.
5. Assists government agencies in the
conduct of health and safety inspection
or other programs.
Rule 1050 Notification and
Keeping of Records of Accidents
and/or Occupational Illnesses
 29

Rule 1053 Report Requirements

• The formal report shall be submitted by the
employer on or before the 20th day of the
month following the date of occurrence of the
accident or when the illness, is established and
an investigation report in the prescribed form
shall be submitted by the Regional Office or
duly authorized representative on or before
the 30th day of the same month.
 30

Rule 1053 Report Requirements

• Where the accident or illness results in death
or permanent total disability, the employer, in
addition to the written report required under sub-
paragraph (1) above, shall initially notify the
Regional Labor Office or duly authorized
representative within twenty four (24) hours
after occurrence using the fastest available
means of communication.
 31

Rule 1053 Report Requirements

• All deaths and permanent total disabilities
shall be investigated by the Regional Office or
duly authorized representative within forty
eight (48) hours after receipt of the initial
report of the employer, prepared in duplicate
using the prescribed form DOLE/ BWC/OHSD-
IP-6a.
 32

Rule 1054 Keeping of Records

• The employer shall maintain and keep an
accident or illness record which shall be open at
all times for inspection to authorized
personnel…
 33

Minimum Data Required

a. Date of accident or f.
illness;
g.
b. Name of injured or ill
employee, sex and age;
c. Occupation of injured or
ill employee at the time h.
of accident or illness;
i.
d. Assigned causes of
accident or illness;
e. Extent and nature of
disability;
Period of disability (actual
and/or charged);
Whether accident involved
damaged to materials,
equipment or machinery,
kind and extent of damage,
including estimated or actual
cost; and
Record of initial notice
and/or report to the Regional
Labor Office or authorized
representative.
1054 Keeping of Records
• The employer shall accomplish an Annual Work
Accident/Illness Exposure Data Report in
duplicate using the prescribed form
DOLE/BWC/HSD-IP-6b, which shall be
submitted to the Bureau copy furnished the
Regional Labor Office or duly authorized
representative having jurisdiction on or before
the 30th day of the month following the end
of each calendar year.
Rule 1960 Occupational Health
Service
Rule 1961.03 Occupational Health Services
(Functions)
1. Identification and assessment of the risks
from health hazards in the workplace;
2. Surveillance of the factors in the working
environment and working practices which
may affect the worker's health;
3. Advice on planning and organization of
work;
Rule 1961.03 Occupational Health Services
(Functions)
4. Participation in the development of
programs for the improvement of working
practices and evaluation of health aspects
of new equipment;
5. Advice on occupational health and safety;
6. Surveillance of worker's health in relation to
work;
7. Promoting the adaptation of work to the
workers;
Rule 1961.03 Occupational Health Services
(Functions)
8. Collaboration in providing information, training
and education;
9. Organizing of first-aid and emergency
treatment; and
10.Participation in analysis of occupational
accidents and occupational diseases.
Rule 1961.04 Organization and Preventive
Services
Occupational health services maybe organized by:
1. the establishment/undertaking
2. government authorities or official services
recognized by the Bureau
3. social security institution
4. any other bodies authorized by the Bureau
5. a combination of any of the above.
Rule 1963.02 Emergency Medical and
Dental Services (Hazardous Workplaces)
Number of Required OHS Provisions
Workers Personnel
1-50 FT First-aider FA medicines
51-99 FT First-aider EM treatment
PT RN (≥4h/day, 6x/wk) room
100-199 PT MD and PT DMD EM treatment
(≥4/day, 3x/wk) room
200-600 FT First-aider and FT EM medical
RN clinic
 Rule 1963.02 Emergency Medical and
Dental Services (Hazardous Workplaces)
Number of Required OHS Personnel Provisions
Workers
601-2000 FT MD (8h/day, 6x/wk) OR 2 EM medical and
PT MD (4h/day, 6x/wk) dental clinic
FT DMD
FT First-aider and FT RN/shift
>2000 FT MD (8h/day, 6x/wk) EM hospital (1
PT MD (4h/day, 6x/wk) for bed/100
other shifts workers)
FT DMD Dental clinic
FT First-aider and FT RN/shift
 Rule 1963.02 Emergency Medical and Dental
Services (Non-Hazardous Workplaces)
Number of Required OHS Provisions
Workers Personnel
1-99 FT First-aider (can be a FA medicines
51-99 worker) EM treatment
room
100-199 FT First-aider EM treatment
PT RN (≥4h/day, 6x/wk) room
200-600 PT MD and PT DMD
(≥4/day, 3x/wk)
FT First-aider and FT RN
Rule 1963.02 Emergency Medical and Dental
Services (Non-Hazardous Workplaces)
Number of Required OHS Personnel Provisions
Workers
601-2000 PT MD, PT DMD EM medical
(4h/day, 6x/wk) and dental
FT First-aider and FT clinic
RN/shift
>2000 FT MD, FT DMD (8h/day, EM hospital (1
6x/wk) bed/100
FT First-aider and FT workers)
RN/shift Dental clinic
Rule 1965 Duties of Employers
1. Establish in his workplace occupational
health services to provide a healthful
place of work;
2. Adopt and implement a comprehensive
health program for his workers;
3. Enter into a contract with hospitals or
dental clinics, if these are not available in
his workplace; and
Rule 1965 Duties of Employers
4. Maintain a health record of his programs and
activities and submit an annual medical report,
using form DOLE/BWC/HSD/OH-47, to the
Regional Labor Office concerned, copy
furnished the Bureau of Working Conditions on
or before the last day of March of the year
following the covered period.
Rule 1965.02 Duties of the Occupational
Health Physician
1. Organize, administer and maintain an
OH program;
2. Periodically inspect for health hazards
through in the workplace;
3. Establish proper medical supervision
over substances used, processes, and
work environment;
Rule 1965.02 Duties of the Occupational
Health Physician
4. Perform physical examinations, proper
advice for placement and health
education;
5. Provide medical and surgical care;
6. Maintain and analyze records of all
medical cases and to prepare and
submit to the employer annual medical
reports;
Rule 1965.02 Duties of the Occupational
Health Physician
7. Conduct studies on occupational health;
8. Act as adviser to management and
labor on all health matters;
9. And report directly to top management.
Rule 1965.03 Duties of the Dentist
• The duties of the dentist in the workplace
shall be in accordance with the Standards
prescribed by the Bureau of Dental Health
Services, Department of Health.
Rule 1965.03 Duties of the OH Nurse
1. In the absence of a physician, to
organize and administer a health
service;
2. Provide nursing care to injured or ill
workers;
3. Participate in health maintenance
examination;
Rule 1965.03 Duties of the OH Nurse
4. Give suggestions in the improvement
of working environment; and
5. Maintain a reporting and records
system, and, if a. physician is not
available, prepare and submit an annual
medical report to the employer.
Rule 1965.05 Duties of the First-Aider
1. Give immediate temporary treatment in
case of injury or illness and call or refer
the injured to one to the physician;
2. Participate in the maintenance of
occupational safety and health
programs, if a member of the Safety
Committee; and
3. Maintain medical services and facilities.
Rule 1966 Occupational Health Program
1. Assess the worker's physical, emotional
and psychological assets as well as his
liabilities;
2. Protect employees against health
hazards in their working environment;
3. Provide first-aid, emergency services
and treatment depending on the nature
of the industry;
Rule 1966 Occupational Health Program
4. Assure adequate medical care of ill and
injured workers.
5. Encourage personal health
maintenance and physical fitness and
proper nutrition practices; and
6. Provide guidance, information and
services for family planning programs.
 Health
INDUSTRIAL
Hazards
HYGIENE
Safety
Hazards BIOLOGICAL
MONITORING, Homeo
Human
HEALTH stasis
STRESS
Response
SURVEILLANCE CASE
Illness
or
HEALTH
Genetic Age MGT
Injury
PROMOTION
Factors
AND
Lifestyle Sex
REHABILITATION
Complications

EDUCATION
 Company
growth
↓company ↑budget
expenses for workers’
health
Worker
retention
↓medical ↑profit
↑preventive
costs
health ↑productivity
programs
↓Death ↓Disability
↓absenteeism
↓injury/sickness

↓Distress in the Workplace

Adequate OHS program

 57

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 58

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 63

Thank you for listening.

Paul Michael R. Hernandez, MD, MOH
prhernandez@up.edu.ph
cph.upm.edu.ph