Management

Information
Systems
Lecture 1
Amad-Ur-Rehman
  Students of Business are required to take a course in ”Information
Introduction Systems”. Let’s look at what this term means.
  “Information systems (IS) is the study of complementary networks
of hardware and software that people and organizations use to
collect, filter, process, create, and distribute data.”
 “Information systems are combinations of hardware, software,
and telecommunications networks that people build and use to
Definition collect, create, and distribute useful data, typically in
organizational settings.”
 “Information systems are interrelated components working
together to collect, process, store, and disseminate information to
support decision making, coordination, control, analysis, and
visualization in an organization.”
  Technology
 Hardware
 Software

Components  Data
 Management
 People
 Process
  “Information systems hardware is the part of an information
Hardware system you can touch – the physical components of the
technology.”
  “Software is a set of instructions that tells the hardware what to
do. Software is not tangible – it cannot be touched.”
 There are two types of software
Software  Operating System Software
 Microsoft Windows
 Application Software
 Microsoft Excel
  “Data is a collection of facts, such as numbers, words,
measurements, observations or just descriptions of things.”
 “The quantities, characters, or symbols on which operations are
Data performed by a computer, which may be stored and transmitted in
the form of electrical signals and recorded on magnetic, optical, or
mechanical recording media.”
  For example, your street address, the city you live in, and your
Data phone number are all pieces of data.
Continued…  What is Database?
  People involved in Information Systems are
 Front-line help desk workers
People 

System Analysts
Programmers
 CIO, CTO, CEO
  “The last component of information systems is process. A process
is a series of steps undertaken to achieve a desired outcome or
goal.”
Process  Information systems are becoming more and more integrated
with organizational processes, bringing more productivity and
better control to those processes.
Role of
 Moving forward from components to looking at how Information
Inofrmation Systems have played and are playing their role in modern world.
Systems
The  From the late 1950s through the 1960s, computers were seen as a
way to more efficiently do calculations.
Mainframe Era
  In 1975, the first microcomputer was announced on the cover
of Popular Mechanics: the Altair 8800.
Personal  Apple Computers
Computers  IBM Computers
 Microsoft
  In the mid-1980s, businesses began to see the need to connect
their computers together as a way to collaborate and share
resources.
 What is LAN, MAN and WAN.
Client-Server
 Software companies began developing applications that allowed
multiple users to access the same data at the same time.
 What is SAP.
  In 1991, the National Science Foundation, which governed how
the Internet was used, lifted restrictions on its commercial use.
 The world became truly “wired” heading into the new millennium,
ushering in the era of globalization.
World Wide  As it became more expected for companies to be connected to the
Web Internet, the digital world also became a more dangerous place.
 Amazon and E-bay.
 Security and Privacy breaches.
  Web 2.0 refers to websites that emphasize user-generated
content.
 Websites became interactive
 Web 2.0 is exemplified by blogging, social networking, and
interactive comments being available on many websites.
Web 2.0  Some industries, such as bookstores, found themselves relegated
to a niche status. Others, such as video rental chains and travel
agencies, simply began going out of business as they were
replaced by online technologies. This process of technology
replacing a middleman in a transaction is called
disintermediation.
  Tablets and Smartphones.
 PC will still play main role but not just how customers will
Post-Pc World communicate with businesses.
 Cloud Computing.
Table
  Can Information Systems Bring Competitive Advantage?

Assignment  What was Dot-Com bust?