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Nomenclature
1. Binary Ionic Compounds - Type I
2. Binary Ionic Compounds - Type II
3. Ionic Compounds & Polyatomic (Complex) Ions
4. Hydrated Ionic Compounds
5. Binary Covalent Compounds
6. Binary Acids
7. Oxy-Acids
Definitions
An IONIC COMPOUND consists of a metal
cation bonded to a nonmetal anion.
Electrostatic attraction holds them together.
A COVALENT COMPOUND consists of two
nonmetal atoms sharing valence electrons.
A BINARY compound is one that is made of
just two elements.
Type I Binary Ionic Compounds
The metal cations in these compounds have
only ONE possible charge.
Na+ Zn2+ Al3+ Ca2+
sodium zinc aluminum calcium
The cations are bonded to nonmetal anions:
O2- N3- F- Br -
oxide nitride fluoride bromide
A molecule is a particle that forms when two or more
atoms bond together.
A complex ion is a charged molecule. Complex ions
may be cations or anions.
examples:
nitrate: NO3- sulfate: SO42- hydroxide: OH-
Writing formulas with Complex Ions
a) Ammonium chloride NH4Cl
Several complex ions form a short series of ions.
The ions differ only in the number of oxygen atoms:
examples:
g) Zinc periodateZn(IO4)2
CuSO4 · 5 H2O
mono hexa
di hepta copper (II) sulfate pentahydrate
tri octa
tetra nona
MgCO3 ·10 H2O
penta deca
magnesium carbonate decahydrate
Examples of hydrates:
Write the formulas:
Write the names:
Write the formulas: