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Writing Problem and Hypothesis

Statements for Medical Research(11)


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Setting of work proposal :
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Work problem :
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Quantitative specification of problem :

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Importance of problem :
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Project need : ,
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Work objective : ?
Methodology to achieve objective
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Anticipated results :
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Contribution to field :
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()
Radiation therapy is a conventional means of treating cancer, including the
therapeutic use of photon, electron and proton beams. Neutron leaking incidents
occurred in Taiwanese hospitals in 2003 during the use of photon beams in radiotherapy.
Photoneutron leaking incidents have become more common in recent years.
Patients undergoing treatment when a neutron leaking incident occurs will not only
invalidate the entire treatment planning process, but also expose patients and technical
personnel to unnecessarily highly radiation dosages. (NOTE : Add 2-4 sentences that
describe characteristics of the problem or statistics that reflect its severity)
For instance, determining the different energy levels when a neutron leaking incident
occurs is of priority concern. According to previous studies, when photon energy exceeds
10MV, neutrons are produced. While determining the pollution level of photoneutrons
surpassing 10MV, its reduction has seldom been studied. The inability
to reduce the likelihood of photoneutron leaking incidents makes simulation plans not
uniform during treatment planning, resulting in an improper dosage administered to the
patient and exposing technical personnel to unnecessarily high radiationlevels. For
radiotherapy, tumor dose is expected as high as possible while sparing the normal tissue
dose surrounded in field. However, the dose of normal tissue out-field is always out of
concern, as an example of photoneutron produced by high energy x-rays. However, there
is no relevant research concerning about reduction of neutron contamination so far.
Therefore, the amount of neutron leaking during photon beam therapy must be
determined by using a linear to reduce its content and adhere to the principle of as low
as reasonably achievable (ALARA) as much as possible.
()
The amount of neutron leaking during photon beam therapy can be
determined by using a linear to reduce its content and adhere to the principle
of as low as reasonably achievable (ALARA) as much as possible.
To do so, neutron leaking can be detected using slow-neutron (BF3)
detectors, dual-wall ionization-chamber and thermoluminescent dosimetes
(TLD-600,700). Its material contains lithium-6 or lithium-7 isotope fluoride,
making it possible to undertake neutron dosimetry. The door of the treatment
room can then be devised with specifications of cement concrete containing
3mm of lead to shield the leakage radiation, scattered radiation and
photoneutron leaking. As anticipated, analysis results can be used
to determine the quantity of the photoneutron leakage using the above methods,
making it possible to decrease leakage levels and increase accuracy in
treatment planning. Moreover, the equivalent dose can also be reduced at the
maze entrance, subsequently reducing costs of neutron shielding of a lead door.
Results of this study can contribute to efforts to identify neutron
contamination levels in a linear accelerator, enabling Taiwanese hospitals to
enhance treatment quality by administering accurate dosages during treatment
and ensuring patient safety. (NOTE : Add 2-4 sentences that describe more
thoroughly how the proposed method contributes to a particular field or sector)
()
Administering heat shock proteins to patients experiencing
inflammation can increase cell survival and protect as well as regulate
intercellular proteins and proteolysis to repair damaged proteins.
However, inflammation and fever incur stress involving heavy metals and
oxidative stress, leading to cell death and various diseases, tumors as well as a
lower cancer cell resistance. Before pretreated medicine restrains Ca button,
Lipopolysaccharide(LPS) is used as 5g add RAW264.7 cell line, resulting in
conspicuous inhibitor cell death rate of 80%. The cell is brought out and Src
and Hsp90 subsequently formed to a compound of 50% with LPS behavior.
LPS can also be detected and examined, activating albumens to original form.
The activation occurs when LPS is stimulated, with the active
increase fivefold of p38 during 15 minutes, in 30 minutes, under with
pretreatment, the activation of p38 , ERK and JNK that LPS brings out is
reduced to a basic value and already existing 30% and 70% in 15 and 30
minutes, respectively. Although capable of regulating protein
functions, HSP is already proven to be a target of cancer. Breast cancer may
contain HSP 70 and HSP 90 leading to metastasis and a poor prognosis.
Administered medicine can subsequently decrease the proliferation of cancer
cells and cell death. Based on the interaction of HSP antibody
and antigen, the role of Hsp90 as a molecular mechanism that induces LPS-
stimulated signaling in RAW264.7 must be elucidated by using western blotting
analysis.
()
Based on the interaction of HSP antibody and antigen, the
role of Hsp90 as a molecular mechanism that induces LPS-stimulated
signaling in RAW264.7 can be elucidated by using western blotting
analysis. To do so, LPS can be added at different
time intervals. Ice-cold PBS wash cell can then be used to collect
eppendroff. Next, membrane and cytosol of lysis cell can be separated.
Additionally, Western blotting can be performed for several times of
appraisal. As anticipated, analysis results can indicate that
a large number of HSP can be acquired, thus inducing transcription to
eliminate apoptosis. Additionally, LPS can increase HSP as well.
Without the expression of HSP, when human inflammation and fever
occur, cell apoptosis will prove fatal to humans. Moreover,
HSP expression can bind the tumor suppressor protein, thus enabling
the effective control of cancer. (NOTE : Add 2-4 sentences that
describe more thoroughly how the proposed method contributes to a
particular field or sector)
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