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MORAL AND CIVIL

SOCIETY
MCEB 212 TOPIC 4
AZMI BIN AHMAD
Azmia@uniten.edu.my, ext 6866
TA-5-288 A,CES BUILDING, UNITEN
Topic 4: Social stratification
• Social stratification is the differences of status and level of person in a
social setting.
• People is differentiate with one another
• This differences can be because of age, gender, expertise, financial
status, hereditary and others.
• Family linage, religion and dialect are among of the basic differences
mainly used by the society.
Topic 4: Social stratification
• Social stratification phenomenon:
• Occurs when social evaluation is performed by one group of people
towards another group of people.
• This social evaluation can be both negative and positive.
• Interaction from people of different social group create hierarchy and
differences of social status.
Topic 4: Social stratification
Layers of
• Social stratification features: people that
form a group

Involving inequality
Every layer of
due to the
people is exclusive
functioning of the
system in nature

Layer are arrange Every layer of


in hierarchy the group is
manner complete
Topic 4: Characteristic of social stratification:

Involving inequality due to the Power and resources evolve around those who are superior due

functioning of the system to monopolization

Layers of people that form Individual who belong in the group would have similar ideology, way of

a group thinking, values and specific behavior that differentiate from other group.

Every layer of people is None of the group member can have two or more membership

exclusive in nature with other social group.

Every layer of the group is Every member in a group must be a member in one of the layer

complete without exception.

Layer are arrange in The social status is determine by political influence and

hierarchy manner economical resources.


Topic 4: Types of social stratification:

• Caste system:
• Exist since 3000 years ago among the
Caste system Estate system Hindus in India.
• It is a very rigid system and heritable in
nature.
• Mobility is difficult and it is classified
into four main group which are :
Racial and
Modern class
ethnic
Brahmin (priest), Kshatriya (warriors
system
stratification and warlord), Vaisha (merchant and
craftsmen) and Sundra (farmer, labor
and servant)
Topic 4: Types of social stratification:

• 3 basic principle that influence • 2. Karma: Final judgment


the caste system : • Every deed will be measured whether it
is good or bad. Thus every deed will
have specific outcome depend on the
• 1. Dharma : Proper conduct value of the behavior.
Good and moral behavior that
fulfil the obligation according to • 3. Samsara: Reincarnation
the dharma of its class. • Every person depend on their karma.
• Have to honor and respect Those who have perform good will be
receiving good karma such as being
dharma from other caste to reborn into a better or higher caste than
ensure stability in the system. the previous life.
Topic 4: Types of social stratification:
:

• Estate system: • Every layer is known as estate


• Started since the Roman empire and every estate and every
until the feudal European era. estate owner have the right and
responsibility according to the
• Person worth is depend on the traditional rules and regulation
vastness of the land the person stipulated by the law.
acquire.
• Not too rigid and membership
• It practice hierarchical social usually is determine by
system. inheritance.
Topic 4: Types of social stratification:
• Social estate system :
Priest Religious institution is highly influential and very important to the society. Church play
the key role in religious, education, information affairs and have decision making
authority. Its stratification is lead by Pope, who live a celibacy life and this title cannot
be pass down to the next generation. Anyone can be a priest as long as they have the
qualification.
Nobles The ruling party that mostly made of knights.
Land is the main assets and also the main conflict factor.
Have certain dignitaries way of life and live separate from the subject.
Layman Commoners made from farmers, craftsman, servant and slave that is being oppressed
The biggest group in the social stratification
Usually inheritance but can be change to certain condition such as marriage or awarded
Topic 4: Types of social stratification:

• Modern class system :


T M M

Elites

Middle class

Lower class
h a
e
o
d
a e s
ri o tl
st f y
o g
c l

• Base from economic interaction


o
r v a
a e b
t
e
r o
n r
a
m
n
e e

with individual status, a person


d
n r
t
h t t
e o h
w f
fi a
e
c t

social status can be changed


al
t e i
h rs s
y. ,
H a
c
a d o

through 3 phases:
v m n
e i s
ti n
tl is
i
e, tr d
tr a e
a t r

• Elites
d o
i rs
e
ti , d
o e a
n n
, s
tr
lif
e
r
e o

• Middle class
p
st
yl
r u
e e g
n
a
e
h
n
u a
d
o r n
a d

• Lower class
w
n n
u
s d
e p n
t r e
o o d
f f
la
u
e
n s c
g si a
u o t
a n
g e
al
e s. d
.
Topic 4: Social stratification
• Racial stratification and Inequality in the aspect of
job opportunity, influence
Ethnic stratification can
lead to separation and the
ethnicity: and privileges because of emergence of new
skin and ethnicity order/community/country
• The inequality of social status in
the colonial system and
The main group is called the The system can
multiracial community due to majority or the dominance,
influence or coexist
physical and cultural differences. while the lesser group is
called the minority and with other social
frequently mistreated stratification system

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