SEMINAR REPORT ON

VECHILE SKID CONTROL

Presented By :-
SANGRAM KISHORE MOHARANA
REGD NO:-0701206093
 INTRODUCTION
Vehicle skid can be defined as the loss of traction
between a vehicle’s tyres and the road surface due to
the forces acting on the vehicle.
To counter these skids and to prevent accidents
Vehicle Skid Control (VSC) is incorporated in the
vehicle which takes the safety aspects of the driver
and the vehicle to the next level . The VSC system
electronically monitors speed and direction , and
compares the vehicle's direction of travel with the
driver's steering, acceleration and braking input.
VSC can help the driver compensate for loss of
lateral traction , which can cause skids and loss of
vehicle control.
 CAUSES
The main causes of skidding are as follows :

HARSH OR SUDDEN ACCELERATION.

EXCESSIVE OR SUDDEN BRAKING.
COARSE OR JERKY STEERING
MOVEMENTS .
OVERSTEER AND UNDERSTEER .
 TYPES OF SKID
The main types of skid are :

THE FRONT WHEEL SKID.

THE REAR WHEEL SKID.
THE FOUR WHEEL SKID.
 THE FRONT WHEEL SKID
CHARACTERISTICS
The car tends to take a course outside of
the expected course. The car is said to understeer.
UNDERSTEER
Understeer occurs when the front slip angle is
greater than the rear and the car goes straighter rather
than following the intended turn .

CAUSE
Excess speed on entry to a hazard .e. a corner or bend,
of destabilizing the vehicle making it more vulnerable
to a loss of control.
 THE REAR WHEEL SKID
CHARACTERISTICS
The rear of vehicle swings out of line and gives the
impression of trying to overtake the front the car is said to
oversteer.
OVERSTEER
Oversteer occurs when the rear tyres have a greater slip angle
than the front tyres and the back threatens to overtake the
front, causing the vehicle to spin.

CAUSE
As with the front wheel skid, excessive speed into the hazard
and sudden braking , destabilising the vehicle, are the main
causes of this skid.
 FOUR WHEEL SKID
CHARACTERISTICS :-
All four wheels have locked up and the vehicle is
sliding in the direction that the forward momentum is
carrying it, with no directional control

CAUSE :-
Harsh or sudden braking has caused the wheels to
lock. A sensation of increase in the vehicle’s speed
often occurs.
 SKID CONTROL
Stability control systems or skid control systems
with names like StabiliTrak, Dynamic Stability
Control, Stability Management, and Vehicle Skid
Control are the latest advancement in vehicle
safety . A vehicle skid control system actually
detects when a driver has lost some degree of
control. Luxury cars, such as the Mercedes
Benzes, BMW, Lexus, etc. now sold in India,
have stability systems installed that are
designed to remove oversteer or understeer.
 COMPONENTS
The Vehicle Skid Control is made by the combination of
different electronic and mechanical components. Some
of the components are those used in Anti-lock Braking
System (ABS), and an electronically controlled engine
throttle, as well as a dedicated computer and sensors,
providing information to the VSC system. These include:
Yaw rate sensor.
G-sensor.
Steering angle sensor.
Electronic throttle control.
Slip indicator.
Computer.
 WORKING
The heart of all these systems is a
central processor that takes
information from a number of
sensors, and then determines
whether the car is in a stable or
unstable state
 REMEDIAL MEASURES
In each case, the cause can be removed by taking
the foot off the accelerator or brake and depressing
the clutch. The reasons are as follows:-
By decelerating, the vehicle’s speed is lowered,
which in turn will start to reduce the magnitude
of the skid.
Relaxation of the pressure on the brake pedal
will unlock the wheels and allow the tyres to
regain traction, enabling the vehicle to be
steered.
By depressing the clutch pedal .
 ADVANTAGES
Monitors each wheel independently
maximizing the performance of the car.
Increases comfort, both physical and
psychological.
Improves safety aspects of the car and the
driver.
Helps save money long term.
Enhances the ability to dodge a renegade
object in its pathways.
 DISADVANTAGES
High initial costs.
Overdependence.
Not perfect.
Repairing cost may be high
 CONCLUSION
Driving has become more and more
dangerous with the ever increasing
population of man and vehicles. It is
estimated that 25% of all accidents are
caused by driver distractions. Automotive
technology is being developed everyday to
make our lives on the roads much safer.
Vehicle Skid Control is one such instance
REFERENCES:-
1. www.audidrivingexperience.com
2. www.howstuffworks.com
3. www.edufive.com/seminartopics.html
4. Sing Harbans,The Automobile,1st edition
5. www.lexus.com