PRESENTED BY:

K.H.V.SREENIVASA VARMA (06-469)

K.SRIMALA (06-470)
B.SINDHU (06-471)
A.SREENIVAS (06-472)
ABSTRACT :-
 The project utilizes efficient microcontroller to avoid
railway accidents happening at unattended railway
gates.

 This project involves one powerful IR transceivers; the

sensor is fixed at particular sides of the gate. The
sensor along the train direction is known as ‘foreside
sensor’.

 When foreside receiver gets activated, the gate motor is

turned on in one direction and the gate is closed and
stays closed until the train crosses the gate.
Aim:-
 The aim of our project is when the train is occurred the gate is
automatically closed after the train crosses the gate the gate
is automatically opened by using 8051 microcontroller

Working principle:-
 In this project we are controlling the railway gate
automatically by using the IR sensor
BLOCK DIAGRAM :-

POWER
SUPPLY

IR CONTROLLER GREEN LED

TRANSCIEVER (AT89C51)

RED LED

LCD
Requirements of Hardware & software:-

In this project the hardware components are

1. UC-Flash
2. Microcontroller
3. LCD
4. Power supply
5. IR Sensor.

This project software is keil software and the

total code of the project is written in the
EMBEDDED C programming.
Power supply:-

Transformer - steps down high voltage AC mains to low voltage

AC.
Rectifier - converts AC to DC, but the DC output is varying.
Smoothing - smoothes the DC from varying greatly to a small
ripple.
Regulator - eliminates ripple by setting DC output to a fixed
voltage.
 MICROCONTROLLER :-

Features:-
 8051 micro controller has 40 pins.
 Internal RAM capacity is 128 bytes.
 Internal ROM capacity is 4kbytes.
 It consists of 2 timers (T0,T1).
 It consists of 4 ports (P0,P1,P2,P3).
 Each port has 8 pins, having latch.
 It has 6 interrupts-reset, serial port
(Tx,Rx) ,INT0,INT1,XTAL1,XTAL2.
 It consists of 8-bit data accessing
memory.
16 x 2 Characters LCD:-

 Each pixel of an LCD typically consists of a

layer of molecules aligned between two
transparent electrodes, and two polarizing
filters, the axes of transmission of which are
(in most of the cases) perpendicular to each
other.
 • 5 x 8 dots with cursor
• Built-in controller (KS 0066 or Equivalent)
• + 5V power supply (Also available
for + 3V),1/16 duty cycle
• B/L to be driven by pin 1, pin 2 or
pin 15, pin 16 or A.K (LED)
• N.V. optional for + 3V power supply.
• The pyro-electric detector delivers a signal
proportional to the gas concentration,
which the microprocessor uses to calculate
the correct volumetric concentration. The
result is then converted into a linear output
0/4 - 20 mA and 0 - 10 V appropriate to
the range of the sensor. The result is also
available digitally at the RS232C interface.
Here there is the madIR service software
for communication and data retrieval.
o The QED22X is an 880nm AlGaAs LED encapsulated in
clear, purple tinted, plastic T-1 3/4 package.
o The common silicon detectors are sensitive to
about 1,050 nm, while InGaAs' sensitivity
starts around 950 nm and ends between
1,700 and 2,600 nm, depending on the
specific configuration
 KEIL can be used to create source files;
automatically compile, link and covert using options
set with an easy to use user interface and finally
simulate or perform debugging on the hardware
with access to C variables and memory
 The simulator/ debugger in KEIL can perform a very
detailed simulation of a micro controller along with
external signals.
The Keil Software 8051 development tools listed below:-

 C51 ANSI Optimizing C Cross Compiler: creates

relocatable object modules from your C source code,
 A51 Macro Assembler: creates relocatable
object modules from your 8051 assembler
source code,
BL51 Linker/Locator: combines relocatable object
modules created by the compiler and assembler into
the final absolute object module,
 LIB51 Library Manager: combines object modules into a
library, which may be used by the linker,
 OH51 Object-HEX Converter: creates Intel HEX files from
absolute object modules.
 By using this ,we can avoid the accidents which will
come across in our daily life with the use of emerging
technology.