Tidal Power

 Tidal power is dependant on tides created by

the moons gravitational pull on the earth
TIDAL ENERGY
 The large scale up and down movement of
sea water represents an unlimited source of
energy.
 The main feature of the tidal cycle is the
difference in water surface elevations at the
high tide and at the low tide.
 If the differential head could be utilized in
operating a hydraulic turbine, the tidal
energy could be converted into electrical
energy by means of an attached generator.
Types of Tidal Power Generation
 Barrages
 Tidal Streams
Tidal Barrage
 Turbines
 Sluice gates
 Embankments
Traditional tidal electricity generation involves the construction of a
barrage across an estuary to block the incoming and outgoing tide. The
dam includes a sluice that is opened to allow the tide to flow into the
basin; the sluice is then closed, and as the sea level drops, the head of
water (elevated water in the basin) using traditional hydropower
technology, drives turbines to generate electricity. Barrages can be
designed to generate electricity on the ebb side, or flood side, or both.
Tidal Turbines (Swanturbines)
 Direct drive to
generator
◦ No gearboxes
 Gravity base
◦ Versus a bored
foundation
 Fixed pitch turbine
blades
◦ Improved reliability
◦ But trades off efficiency

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Oscillating Tidal Turbine
 Oscillates up and
down
 150 kW prototype
operational (2003)
 Plans for 3 – 5 MW
prototypes

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Polo Tidal Turbine
 Vertical turbine
blades
 Rotates under a
tethered ring
 50 m in diameter
 20 m deep
 600 tonnes
 Max power 12 MW

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Difference b/w
In-stream
Barrage
Tidal
• Dam constructed across estuary
• Turbines installed in estuary at constrictions
― High cost
― Long construction period (decade) in groups called arrays
― Moderate unit cost
― Short unit construction time (weeks)

• Power produced by closing dam at high tide•

Power produced directly from tidal currents
and allowing water to run through turbines ― More continuous power production
once ocean has returned to low tide ― Smart choice of turbines and layout of arrays
― Completely alters easy circulation should avoid significant environment impact
― Power produced in twice-daily surge
― All attendant problems of hydro-
electric dams
• Moderate-cost power production at varying
• Low-cost power production at very large scales
scale
Marine Current Turbines

Large Scale
(18 m diameter)
002,09-07-06,SNOPUD.ppt
Verdant Turbine

Small Scale
(5 m diameter)

002,09-07-06,SNOPUD.ppt
 Potential
 Places with highest tidal range
Bay of Fundy, gulf of Kutch in India.
• Tidal range may vary over a wide range (4.5-12.4 m) from
site to site. A tidal range of at least 7 m is required for
economical operation and for sufficient head of water for the
turbines.
Renewable Energy Use – 2001

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TIDAL POWER PLANT
Advantages
 No pollution
 Renewable resource
 More efficient than wind because of the
density of water
 Predictable source of energy vs. wind and
solar
 Tidal stream has very few advantages
– Does not affect wildlife
– Does not affect silt deposits
– Less costly – both in building and maintenance
Disadvantages
 Presently costly
– Expensive to build and maintain
– A 1085MW facility could cost as much as 1.2 billion
dollars to construct and run
 Connection to the grid
 Technology is not fully developed
 Barrage style only produces energy for about
10 hours out of the day
 Barrage style has environmental affects
– Such as fish and plant migration
– Silt deposits
– Local tides change- affects still under study
Environmental factors

 Change in currents
 Change in sediments
 Salinity and quality of water
 Migratory species
 Conclusions
• Tidal Energy is sustainable, clean, and reliable.
• Tidal Energy is widely distributed and can offer
significant benefits to many coastal nations.
• Tide Energy can be captured in a practical, efficient,
cost-effective way.
Tidal Energy deserves to be included on the list of
sources of sustainable energy supported and funded
by CSD, GEF, UNDP, IEA, UNIDO, CDM, etc.
THANK YOU