3G Technology

THE PARAMOUNT OF WIRELESS NETWORKS

Group Members
(1) Sourav Mondal – 08102003057
(2) Rabin Banerjee – 08102003049
(3) Sayak Saha – 08102003018
(4) Mahim Mazumder - 08102003007
 History
First pre-commercial 3G network was launched by
Japan in May 2001.
First post-commercial launch by Japan in Oct 2001.
The second network is SK Telecom of South Korea in Jan
2002 .
First commercial 3G network of US is Monet Mobile
Network on CDMA 2000.
Second network id Verizon Wireless in Oct 2003 on
CDMA 2000.
 Evolution of wireless technology

First Generation(1G)
Known as Analog Mobile Phone Systems (AMPS).
It was based on circuit-switched technology and designed
for voice, not data.

Second Generation(2G)
Mostly based on Circuit Switched technology.
These are digital and expand the range of applications to
more advanced voice services.
Global System for Mobile Communications
(GSM)

First implemented in 1991 by Finland.

It is a combination of Frequency Division Multiple
Access (FDMA) and Time Division Multiple Access
(TDMA).
It operates in the 900MHz and 1.8 GHz bands
throughout the world (except America).
In America it operates in 1.9 GHz band.
 General Packet Radio Service (GPRS)

Enhancement for GSM core networks that introduces

packet data transmission .

It uses radio spectrum.

It provides always connectivity and greater

bandwidth.

Worldwide roaming.
 Enhanced Data for Global Evolution
(EDGE)

Also, called as Enhanced Data rates for GSM

Evolution.
A radio based high-speed mobile data standards
It enables services like multimedia emailing, Web
infotainment and video conferencing.
 Code Division Multiple Access (CDMA)
It was developed in North America.
It uses spread spectrum technology to break up
speech into small, digitized segments and encodes them
to identify each call.
It providing clearer voice quality with less background
noise, fewer dropped calls, enhanced security, greater
reliability and greater network capacity.
Analogical demonstration of CDMA technique
 Need for 3G
Drawbacks of previous generations:

1G compares unfavorably to its successors. It has low

capacity, unreliable handoff, poor voice links, and no security
at all since voice calls were played back in radio towers,
making these calls susceptible to unwanted eavesdropping by
third parties.

2G technologies weaker digital signals may not be sufficient

to reach a Cell tower.

2G Difficult roaming between countries using different

systems.

Back ground Noise, lossy compression during CODECS.

Migration to 3G
 3G Wireless Networks
It represents the convergence of various 2G
wireless telecommunications systems into a single
global system .

It was first adopted in Japan and South Korea.

Its ability is to unify existing cellular standards

such as CDMA, GSM, and TDMA under one
umbrella.

This results wideband CDMA, CDMA2000 and the

Universal Wireless Communication (UWC)
interfaces.
3G Network Architecture
 Handoffs
• Handoff : The process whereby a mobile station moves to a new
traffic channel is called handoff
• Soft hand-off: Soft Handoff is a process in which the mobile is
directed to hand off to the same frequency assigned to an
adjacent cell without dropping the original RF link.The mobile
keeps two RF links during the soft-handoff process.
• Softer hand-off: During softer handover, a MS is in the Soft Handover

overlapping cell coverage area of two adjacent sectors of a base

station.
• Hard handoff : occurs when two base stations are not
synchronized or are not on the same frequency resulting in
interruption in voice or data.
• Inter-frequency hard hand-off
• Inter-system hard hand-off
 3G Data Speed
HSPA(3g++)

 Consist of HSDPA & HSUPA.

 The improved downlink provides up to 14
Mbit/s with significantly reduced latency.
 The enhanced uplink increases the data rate
(up to 5.8 Mbit/s).
 multi-code transmission, short Transmission
Time Interval (TTI), fast scheduling and fast
Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest (HARQ).
3G Video Calling
3G Security
 3G Applications
Interactive news delivery (voice, video, e-mail,
graphics)
Voice /High-quality audio
Still photography
Video
Data transmission services
File transfer from intranet
Multimedia e-mail (graphics, voice, video)
Video conferencing
Web browser
– On-line services
– Time schedules
– Global Positioning Services/Geographical
Information Systems
Continued growth of 3G subscribers
 Subscribers Statistics
Cost of moving from GSM to cdmaOne overrides the benefit of the CDMA
migration path.
 Conclusion

3G is for high speed networks for variety of

data intensive applications. 3G provides more
advanced services like wide-area wireless voice
Telephone, video calls and broadband wireless
data and also it provides advanced multimedia
access and global roaming. 3G is giving way to
new generation wireless networks i.e. 4G.
 References
ITU IMT-2000: http://www.itu.int/imt2000
3G All IP Forum: http://www.3gip.org
Mobile Wireless Internet Forum: http://www.mwif.org
Global Mobile Supplier: http://www.gsacom.com
Standard Committee T1 (USA): http://www.t1.org
China Wireless Telecommunication Standard (China):
http://www.cwts.org
The Association of Radio Industries and Businesses (Japan):
http://www.arib.or.jp/arib/english/
OMA, Open Mobile Alliance: http://www.openmobilealliance.org/
Consolidates Open Mobile Architecture, WAP Forum, LIF, SyncML,
MMS Interoperability Group, Wireless Village
Open GIS Consortium: http://www.opengis.org/
Focus on standards for spatial and location information WLIA,
Wireless Location Industry Association: http://www.wliaonline.com
Thank you!