2 1 Solar

EEC6120
Introduction to Electrical Supply

Department of Electrical Engineering (Haking Wong) and Installation
Renewable Energy Resources
Read Web Pages :
1. Renewable Energy
http://www.powerhousetv.com/stellent2/groups/public/document
2. Renewable Energy Resources

http://www.aresearchguide.com/energy.html#fuel
3. Energy Sources
http://www.kgv.edu.hk/eden/environment/energy/energy.html
© Vocational Training Council, Hong Kong. Renewable Energy Resources / Solar / page 1
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What is
Renewable
energy ?
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What is Renewable
Energy?
 As the name suggests, exists perpetually and in
abundant in the environment
 Ready to be harnessed, inexhaustible
 It is a clean alternative to fossil fuels
 “energy that is derived from natural process that
are replenished constantly” -- defined by the
Renewable Energy Working Party of the
International Energy Agency
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Why We Need Renewable Energy?

Renewable energy technologies are clean sources
of energy that have a much lower environmental
impact than conventional energy technologies.
Renewable energy will not run out. Ever. Other

sources of energy are finite and will some day be
depleted.
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Can you suggest

any renewable
energy resources ?
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Solar Energy
Read Web Pages :
1. Solar Energy
http://www.energyquest.ca.gov/story/chapter15.html
2. Solar Power
http://www.darvill.clara.net/altenerg/solar.htm
3. What is Photovoltaics
http://www.technologystudent.com/energy1/solar5.htm
4. Solar Energy Basics

http://www.nrel.gov/learning/re_solar.html
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Solar Energy
 In general terms, solar energy means all the energy
that reaches the earth from the sun. It provides
daylight, makes the earth hot, and is the source of
energy for plants to grow.
 Solar energy is one of the renewable energy sources
that has the most potential. Sunlight can travel through
air, clear glass, and plastic. When the sun strikes a
surface, light energy is either reflected or absorbed. It
is the absorbed light energy that gets changed into heat
and can be used for power.
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Solar Energy
✻ Passive solar energy systems make use of solar energy
without using special equipment. For example, a house
may be built to direct the sun onto a thick masonry
wall that then stores the heat for later distribution.
✻ Active solar systems require the use of mechanical
collectors to absorb the heat of the sun. This energy is
then stored or distributed using fans, pumps, or other
equipment.
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Passive and Active Solar

Active
Solar
Passive
Solar
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Active Solar Applications
Domestic hot water

Space heating (radiant)
Swimming pool and space heating
Commercial and industrial water heating
Solar absorption air-conditioning
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Solar Domestic Hot Water System
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Active Solar Space Heating System
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Swimming Pool Solar Water Heating

System
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Solar Heat Water System (PV Powered)
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Active Solar System Components
Collector
Storage tank
Heat exchanger
Pumps
Piping, valves, system controller
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Solar Collectors
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Solar Collectors
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Flat-plate Solar Collector
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Focusing Solar Collector
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Odeillo Solar Furnace (France)
Source : Gerhard Weinrebe

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The picture below shows the parabolic reflector of the Odeillo-Font-
Romeau Solar Furnace in France. 63 flat mirrors automatically track
the sun and concentrate the light on a reflector. The reflector then
concentrates the rays to produce 1000 kilowatts and a temperature of
33,000degrees centigrade. This is used to power a furnace producing
steel from iron ore.
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Solar Thermal Power Plant

Over 700 MW of solar thermal electric systems should be deployed
by the year 2003 in the U.S. and internationally. The market for
these systems should exceed 5,000 MW by 2010, enough to serve
the residential needs of 7 million people which will save the energy
equivalent of 46 million barrels of oil per year.
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Parabolic Trough
Curved mirrors which form troughs that focus the sun's energy on
a pipe. A fluid, typically oil, is circulated through the pipes which
is used to drive a conventional generator to create electricity.
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Parabolic Dish
Solar Parabolic Dish systems consist of a parabolic-shaped
concentrator (similar in shape to a satellite dish) that reflects
solar radiation onto a receiver mounted at the focal point at
the center. The collected heat is utilized directly by a heat
engine mounted on the receiver which generates electricity.
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Power Tower
Solar Central Receivers or "Power Towers" consist of
a tower surrounded by a large array of heliostats.
Heliostats are mirrors that track the sun and reflect its
rays onto the receiver, which absorbs the heat energy
that is then utilized in driving a turbine electric
generator.
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Power Tower
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Comparison of Solar Thermal

Technologies
Power Tower Parabolic Dish Parabolic Trough
Applications Grid-connected Stand-alone small Grid-connected
electric plants; power systems; grid electric plants; process
process heat for support heat for industrial use.
industrial use.
Advantages Dispatchable base Dispatchable Dispatchable peaking

load electricity; electricity, high electricity;
high conversion conversion commercially
efficiencies; efficiencies; available with 4,500
energy storage; modularity; hybrid Gwh operating
hybrid (solar/fossil) experience; hybrid
(solar/fossil) operation (solar/fossil)
operation.
[Source: Status Report operation.
on Solar Thermal Power Plants. Pilkington Solar International
GmbH: Cologne, Germany,1996]
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Photovoltaics (PV)
Poly-crystalline Silicon Module
Mono-crystalline Silicon Module
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What is Photovoltaics
• Photovoltaics (PV) are solid-state, semi-conductor
devices that produce electricity when exposed to light.
Photo = light, voltaics = electricity.
• photovoltaics actually means "electricity from light."
Many hand-held calculators run off power from room
light, which would be one example of this phenomenon.
Larger power applications for this technology are
also possible.
• Sunlight knocks electrons free in the photovoltaic
material, which flow out of the device as electric
current. The more intense the sunlight, the stronger the
electric current.
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How Does PV Works
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PV Modules
Click here for PV module video

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Types of PV Systems
Small stand-alone DC system
Stand-alone AC-DC system
Stand-alone AC system
PV-generator combination
Utility interface
Utility intertie
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Stand-alone PV Systems
(a) Small stand-alone DC system (b) Stand-alone AC-DC system
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PV Generator Combination
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Grid-connected PV Systems
(a) Utility interface (b) Utility intertie
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Innovative PV Module Designs
(a) Colour PV modules (b) Semi-transparent PV screens
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PV Applications
in Hong Kong
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PV Powered Bus-Stop
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PV Panel at EMSD Headquarter
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Wanchai Tower
Study Tour: Solar Electricity Generation System at Wanchai Tower
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Do you know what

is Building
Integrated
Photovoltaic (BIPV)
?
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Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV)
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Building Integrated Photovoltaic

• With Building Integrated Photovoltaics (BIPV),
photovoltaic material becomes an integral part of
the building: the walls, roof, and vision glass.
• Sunlight falling on the photovoltaic components
creates electricity. This electricity flows through
power conversion equipment and into the building's
electrical distribution system, feeding electricity to
the building's electrical loads.
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The
End

2 1 Solar

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2 1 Solar

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EEC6120

Introduction to Electrical Supply

Renewable Energy Resources

Read Web Pages :

2. Renewable Energy Resources

Why We Need Renewable Energy?

Renewable energy will not run out. Ever. Other

Can you suggest

4. Solar Energy Basics

Passive and Active Solar

Active Solar Applications

Domestic hot water

Solar Domestic Hot Water System

Active Solar Space Heating System

Swimming Pool Solar Water Heating

Solar Heat Water System (PV Powered)

Active Solar System Components

Flat-plate Solar Collector

Focusing Solar Collector

Odeillo Solar Furnace (France)

Source : Gerhard Weinrebe

Odeillo Solar Furnace (France)

Odeillo Solar Furnace (France)

Solar Thermal Power Plant

Comparison of Solar Thermal

Advantages Dispatchable base Dispatchable Dispatchable peaking

Poly-crystalline Silicon Module

Mono-crystalline Silicon Module

How Does PV Works

Click here for PV module video

(a) Small stand-alone DC system (b) Stand-alone AC-DC system

(a) Utility interface (b) Utility intertie

Innovative PV Module Designs

(a) Colour PV modules (b) Semi-transparent PV screens

PV Panel at EMSD Headquarter

Study Tour: Solar Electricity Generation System at Wanchai Tower

Do you know what

Building Integrated Photovoltaic (BIPV)

Building Integrated Photovoltaic

Building Integrated Photovoltaic

Building Integrated Photovoltaic

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