CFD Simulation: Ansys Fluent 13.0

NATIONAL DEFENCE UNIVERSITY OF MALAYSIA
Duty, Honor, Integrity
CFD SIMULATION
OF 81MM MORTAR AMMUNITION USING
ANSYS FLUENT 13.0
Presenter :
3011394 P Kdt Mohammad Shaffri B. Mat Sabri
Supervisor :
Prof Dr Megat Hamdan Bin Megat Mohamad
© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

Wednesday, December 08, 2021 Engineering 1
MECH. ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
FINAL YEAR PROJECT INTRODUCTION
SCOPE OF PRESENTATION
Methodology
Methodology Discussions
Discussions
Introduction
Introduction
-- Problem
Problem statement
statement
Conclusions
Conclusions &
-- Objective
Objective of
of study
study Results
&
Results recommendation
recommendation ss
-- Scope
Scope of
of work
work

INTRODUCTION
What is Mortar Bomb ?
- a weapon which is easy to operate even

though it was designed to fire in high
trajectory which can be set between 45 and
85 degrees angle to the ground

4 Engineering Wednesday, December 08, 2021
• no further studies to analyze the Model B using
2
any other simulation software
• previous study from Nazamuddin on Design and
Simulation of 81mm Mortar Ammunition 1
• developing using PRODAS software determine
the projectile range .
PROBLEM STATEMENT
INTRODUCTION FINAL YEAR PROJECT
OBJECTIVES
1 2
To identify the air flow
To simulate the flow velocity potential
behaviour of 81mm location around 81mm
mortar using ANSYS mortar ammunition.
FLUENT 13.0.

SCOPE OF WORKS
To study the mortar
ammunition theory
To simulate the
To spot location of air
aerodynamic flow
flow highest velocity
using ANSYS
for 2D modelling.
FLUENT 13.0

LITERATURE REVIEW
Previous
Background CFD
analysis
Analysis of
Mortar CFD
Introduction background
ammunition
Analysis of
Theory Conclusion
CFD software
Design &
function

FINAL YEAR PROJECT LITERATURE REVIEW
Previous Studies
Analysis
Mortar CFD analysis

Ammunition studies
Analysis
ME7751 Final
Wind Tunnel Project using
Test on NACA 4415
Improved AIRFOIL by Neil
Mortar Potential
Panchal
Protectile (IMP) Location of Air
Design and Krishnamoorthy Flow around
Simulate the Car’s Body in
81mm Mortar Generating
Ammunition by Electricity by
Nazamuddin Sharedzal Johit

FINAL YEAR PROJECT METHODOLOGY
DESIGN
DESIGN
PROCESS
PROCESS
METHODOLOGY
ANALYSIS
ANALYSIS
FLOWCHART
FLOWCHART PROCEDURE
PROCEDURE

ANSYS 13.0 Layout

1)Model
1)Model BB needs
needs toto be
be
saved
saved as
as IGS
IGS file
file (iges)
(iges)
2)Using
2)Using coordinate
coordinate
system
system as
as dimension
dimension to to
draw
draw
Generate
Generate
Drawing
Drawing Using
Using
GAMBIT
GAMBIT 2.2.30
2.2.30
Meshing
Meshing The
The
Drawing Using
Drawing Using Flow
Flow Analysis
Analysis
ANSYS
ANSYS Using
Using ANSYS
ANSYS
MESHING
MESHING FLUENT
FLUENT 13.0
13.0
ANALYSIS
Pre-processing
Pre-processing part:
part: PROCEDURES
a)
a) Mesh
Mesh Solving
Solving parts
parts
-- 0.05mm
0.05mm for for element
element size
size 1)
1) Spalart
Spalart -- Allmaras
Allmaras
-- 12631
12631 total
total elements
elements -- suitable
suitable for
for airfoils
airfoils boundary
boundary
b)
b) Boundary
Boundary condition
condition layer
layer
-- inlet
inlet == 260
260 m/s
m/s 2)
2) Boundary
Boundary condition
condition
-- use
use SUTHERLAND
SUTHERLAND as as fluid
fluid -- pressure
pressure far
far field
field
medium
medium Post-processing
Post-processing
-- pressure
pressure far
far field
field for
for wall
wall 1)
1) monitors
monitors == C CDD and
and CCLL
2)
2) set
set iteration
iteration forfor 1000times
1000times
PRELIMINARY RESULT

FINAL YEAR PROJECT RESULTS & DISCUSSIONS



VELOCITY CONTOURS
MAXIMUM VELOCITY DEVELOP
FROM COLOUR SCALE

MAXIMUM VELOCITY IN COLOUR

CONTOURS

HIGHER MACH NUMBER DEVELOP

FROM CONTOURS

HIGHER MACH NUMBER IN COLOUR

CONTOURS

VELOCITY VECTORS
HIGHER VELOCITY
IS IN FRONT BODY
(SPOTTED
LOCATION)

INCREASE THE
CAPABILITY
FOR THE
FIREPOWER
FOR THE 81MM
MORTAR
AMMUNITION
CD & CL VALUES
CAN BE
MODIFIED WITH
THE SPOTTED
HIGHEST
VELOCITY
LOCATION
MAXIMUM MACH NUMBER
HIGHER MACH
NUMBER IN
VELOCITY
VECTORS

HIGHER STATIC PRESSURE IN

VELOCITY VECTORS
LOWEST STATIC
PRESSURE IN
VELOCITY
VECTORS
HIGHER PRESSURE
AFFECT VELOCITY
VALUES

FINAL GRAPHS
THE HIGHEST PRESSURE AT 9.8 PA
LOWEST PRESSURE AT 6.3 PA

THE HIGHEST VELOCITY AT 236.5 m/s
HIGHEST STATIC PRESSURE AT 7.33 KPa
LOWEST VELOCITY
AT 236.27 m/s
LOWEST STATIC PRESSURE

AT 7.29 KPa

ERROR
acceptable because the error is

not more than 10%

FORCES VALUE
DRAG FORCE ACT

ON 81mm MORTAR

LIFT FORCE ACT ON

81mm MORTAR

FINAL YEAR PROJECT RECOMMENDATIONS
CONCLUSIONS
First objective was achieved with all result about
81mm mortar can be known by using ANSYS
FLUENT 13.0.
the second succeeded objective which is the

potential location with high velocity located
around the front body.

FINAL YEAR PROJECT RECOMMENDATIONS
FUTURE RECOMMENDATIONS
1. Studies on propellants for mortar bombs like the
characteristic and figure of the propellant.
2. Terminal ballistic analysis.
3. Other materials can be used to replace the materials

used to see how it will gives effect to the result.
4. The proposed model to be fabricated and fired in order

to confirm that it can perform as simulation results.
FINAL YEAR PROJECT REFERENCES
REFERENCES
[1] Mohd Nazamuddin Bin Mohmad Razali, “Design And Simulation of
81mm Mortar Ammunition”, Universiti Pertahanan Nasional
Malaysia & Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, (2010).
[2] L.V. Krishnamoorthy, A.R.Rye, H.T.French, C. Wachsberger, “DSTO
Propulsion and Aeroballistics Research in Support of Project IMP
(U), Aeronautical and Maritime Research Laboratory (1994).
[3] Col. Assoc. Prof Dr. Shohaimi Abdullah, Universiti Pertahanan
Nasional Malaysia, interview on 1600H 14 Oct 2010.
[4] D W Leeming, “Introduction to Intermediate Ballistics”, Cranfield
University (1995).
[5] Mohd Sharedzal Johit, “The Potential Location of Air Flow Around
Car’s Body In Generating Electricity”, Kolej Universiti Teknikal
Kebangsaan Malaysia, (2006).
[6] John David Anderson, “Computational Fluid Dynamics: The Basics
with Applications”, McGraw Hill Publications. (1995) Pg 99-121.
[7] Headquarters Department of the Army, “Field Manual – Tactical
Employment of Mortars”, (1992).
[8] http://www.firstworldwar.com/weaponry/mortars.htm access on 15
Oct 2010. © Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

[9]Malaysian Armed Forces, “Data Teknik Senjata”, (2004
[10]Major Shohaimi Abdullah, “Penetration Performance on Segmented
Rods-Comparison with Continuous Rods at High Velocity”, Royal
Military College of Science, (1995).

[11] Neil Panchal. (2010). NACA 4415 AIRFOIL. ME7751 Final Project.

[12] Jorge Carregal-Ferreira. (2010). Advanced CFD Analysis of
Aerodynamics using CFX. AEATechnology GmbH, CFX.

[13] ANSYS Inc. (2009). User manual. ANSYS Inc Property

CFD Simulation: Ansys Fluent 13.0

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NATIONAL DEFENCE UNIVERSITY OF MALAYSIA

Duty, Honor, Integrity

© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

- a weapon which is easy to operate even

© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

Mortar CFD analysis

© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

ANSYS 13.0 Layout

© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

MAXIMUM VELOCITY IN COLOUR

© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

HIGHER MACH NUMBER DEVELOP

© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

HIGHER MACH NUMBER IN COLOUR

© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

MAXIMUM MACH NUMBER

© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

HIGHER STATIC PRESSURE IN

© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

THE HIGHEST PRESSURE AT 9.8 PA

LOWEST PRESSURE AT 6.3 PA

© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

THE HIGHEST VELOCITY AT 236.5 m/s

HIGHEST STATIC PRESSURE AT 7.33 KPa

LOWEST STATIC PRESSURE

© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

acceptable because the error is

© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

DRAG FORCE ACT

© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

LIFT FORCE ACT ON

© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

the second succeeded objective which is the

© Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

2. Terminal ballistic analysis.

3. Other materials can be used to replace the materials

4. The proposed model to be fabricated and fired in order

Car’s Body In Generating Electricity”, Kolej Universiti Teknikal

Kebangsaan Malaysia, (2006).

[6] John David Anderson, “Computational Fluid Dynamics: The Basics

with Applications”, McGraw Hill Publications. (1995) Pg 99-121.

[7] Headquarters Department of the Army, “Field Manual – Tactical

Employment of Mortars”, (1992).

[8] http://www.firstworldwar.com/weaponry/mortars.htm access on 15

Oct 2010. © Mech. Engineering Dept – Faculty of

[9]Malaysian Armed Forces, “Data Teknik Senjata”, (2004

[10]Major Shohaimi Abdullah, “Penetration Performance on Segmented

Rods-Comparison with Continuous Rods at High Velocity”, Royal

Military College of Science, (1995).

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