Trial ospe 1 st

year
From ppsp usmkk
 QUESTION 1 Model of abdomen

F A

E B

D C
 QUESTION 1

a. Labels the structures from ( A –F ). (6M)

b. What are the contents of rectus sheath?

(4M)
a. A- tendinous intersection
B- internal oblique muscle
C- rectus abdomonis muscle
D-rectus sheath
E- external oblique muscle
F- linea alba

b. - Rectus abdominis muscle

- Pyramidalis,
-The superior and inferior epigastric
vessels,
-The terminal portions of the lower
intercostal nerves.
Model of skull
QUESTION 2

a. Identify the foramen A-G. (7M)

b. Give 1 nerve passes through foramen A and

B? (2M)

c. Regarding to the nerves, state the function of

A’s nerve (1M)
a. A-optic canal
B-superior orbital fissure
C-foramen ovale
D-internal acoustic meatus
E-jugular foramen
F-Hypoglossal canal
G-foramen magnum
b. A-optic nerve
B-oculomotor / trochlear / abducent nerve
c. Carry visual signal from eyes to brain
QUESTION 3

A B
QUESTION 3

a. What type of agglutination test was shown in

picture? (1M)

b. Interprete the result of the test in: (2M)

A-
B-

c. Give 2 conditions that can give false positive

result: (2M)
 a. Direct agglutination test
a. A- Positive
B- Negative
c. - Proteinuria
- Hematuria
- Bacterial infection
- Methadone Rx
QUESTION 4

A B
QUESTION 4

The picture shown the stages of one type of parasite.

a. Name the parasite. (2M)

b. State what is A and B. (2M)

c. State 2 characteristics of B. (2M)

d. How does the parasites is being transmitted? (2M)

a. Giardia intestinalis/lamblia
b. A- cysts
B- thropozoites
c. i-2 symmetric nuclei
ii-2 ventral sucking disk with 4 pairs of
flagella
iii-2 axonemes and 2 median bodies
d. Fecal oral route
QUESTION 5

B
E

C F
 QUESTION 5

a. Label the structures from A-F. (6M)

b. State 2 first segment branches of right

coronary artery. (2M)

c. Give 2 tributaries of coronary sinus. (2M)

a. A - right pulmonary artery
B - left subclavian artery
C - left atrium
D - arteriosus ligament
E - right aurikle
F - left pulmonary vein
b. -right conus artery
-anterior atrial and ventricular branches
-artery of sinu-atrial node
c. -Great cardiac vein
-Small cardiac vein
-Middle cardiac vein
-Posterior vein of left ventricle
-Oblique vein of left atrium
 QUESTION 6

One of your sister has a severe

bleeding at right arm because cut off by
knife. Perform wound dressing to stop the
bleeding before send him to the hospital.
(10M)
 One of your sister has a severe bleeding at right forearm from a knife
wound. Perform wound dressing to stop the bleeding before send him to the
hospital. (10M)
 
1.Access the situation. If there is immediate danger, remove the danger and the
person to a safe place.
2.Call 999 and alert the emergency medical services.
3.Check the level of consciousness of the person. If unconscious, proceed with
CPR. If conscious, proceed next step.
4.Identify the area of wound. Access for distal colour-bluish??, sensation-
numbness??, or movement-too tight?? assess for circulation and movement of the
arm
5.Apply direct pressure over the wound.
6.Place sterile dressing or clean cloth over the wound. if the there is still bleeding
put extra cloth on top of the dressing. Don’t remove any impaled object.
7.Check whether the bleeding stopped or not. If yes, treat for shock (patient
complain of cold, clammy, delirious and unconscious), elevate the leg and care for
the wound. Lastly, seek for medical attention.
8.If bleeding doesn’t stopped, elevate extremities above the level of heart. Continue
apply pressure over the wound.
9.If still continue bleeding, do pressure point (state where is the pressure point that
will be utilize) and keep put pressure over the wound.
10.Access CSM again after finish dressing.
QUESTION 7
 Question 7

a. State two fundamental patterns of motility (2M)

b. State 3 steps of physiology of peristalsis in this

picture (3m)

c. Give 1 example of neurotransmitter that can cause

contraction of intestinal smooth muscle (1M)

d. Give example of neurotransmitter that can cause

relaxation of intestinal smooth muscle (1M)
a. -propulsion
-mixing
b. -contraction of circular muscle behind the
food mass
-contraction of longitudinal muscle ahead of
food mass
-contraction of circular muscle layer forces
food mass
c. -acetylcholine
-substance P
d. -vasoactive intestinal peptide
-ATP
QUESTION 8

X Y
QUESTION 8

a.Identify X and Y. (2 M)

b.Give 2 functions of X and Y. (4M)

c.State 2 morphologies of X. (2M)

a. X- neutrophil
Y- eosinophil
b. X- tissue phagocytes
-move to the sites of infection/inflammatory where they
digest, killl and breakdown bacteria.
-process of moving to sites of infection-chemotaxis
-process of ingestion of bacteria – phagocytosis
Y -phagocytic and can kill ingested organism
-against tissue parasite, able to discharge their granule
contents
-involved in allergic reactions
c. -2 to 5 lobes of segmented nucleus
-dense chromatin
-cytoplasm contains granule:
i)primary granule: MPO, ACP, acid
hydrolases
ii)secondary granule: lysozyme,
lactoferritin, collagenase.
QUESTION 9

D
X

A
 QUESTION 9

a. Identify the structure of A-D. (4M)

b. State epithelium lining of X. (1M)

c. State 1 hormone contain in A. (1M)

a. A - body of epididemis
B - external anal sphincter
C - corpus spongiosum
D - ejaculatory duct
b. Transitional epithelium
c. Testosterone
QUESTION 10
Question 10

a. State the type of this medium (2M)

b. State 2 organisms that can be cultured on

this agar (2M)

c. What are the colony morphology of the

culture
on the agar? (2M)
a. Selective and differential media
b. -Escherichia coli/ Escherichia coli
-Salmonella typhi/ Salmonella typhi
c. Colony morphology:
If salmonella
small, round, flat and colourless colonies.
Absence of pink colour indicates that Salmonella sp.
is a non lactose-fermenter.
If E.coli
Colony morphology:
small, round, flat, dry and dark pink/red colonies.
The colour indicates that Escherichia coli is a lactose-
fermenter
A B
QUESTION 11

a. Name equipment A & B. (2M)

b. Give 3 fundamental goals for

these equipments. (3M)
a. A-nasal prong
B-oxygen mask
b. Improve tissue oxygenation.
Decrease work of breathing in
dyspneic patient.
Decrease work of the heart in
patient with cardiac problem.
QUESTION 12
DRUG
X
DRUG Y

efficacy
DRUG Z

Log Drug Concentration %

Maximum
Question 12
a. Define
(a)Drug Efficacy (1M)
(b)Drug Potency(1M)

b. Arrange the drugs based on INCREASING

efficacy. (3M)

c. Arrange the drugs based on DECREASING

potency (3M)
a. Efficacy-The capacity of a drug to
activate its receptor once it is bound.

Potency-Amount of drug required to

elicit a response.
b. Y-Z-X
c. X-Y-Z
Slide of thymus
QUESTION 13

The slide showing an organ.

a. Name the organ (1M)

b. Give 2 histological characteristics (2M)

c. State 2 gross features of this organ (2M)

a. Thymus
b. Hassal’s corpuscle in medulla
incomplete lobulation
each lobule has cortex and medulla
surrounded by capsule
c. Located at superior mediastinum, may
extend to anterior
has 2 lobes-right and left lobe
undergo involution after puberty
 QUESTION 14

You were jogging in a park with

your friends. Suddenly, a man
seemed to experience chest pain and
fainted near the road. There wasn’t
any medicine with him. Take
appropriate actions and perform
cardiopulmonary resuscitation on
that person. (10 M)
 You were jogging in a park with your friends. Suddenly, a man seemed to experience
chest pain and fainted near the road. There was not any medicine with him. Take
appropriate actions and perform cardiopulmonary resuscitation on that person. (10 M)
 
1.Danger- access the situation. Remove the person to a safe place.
2.Response- (kneel on the right side of the person) tap the person on his shoulders,
asking loudly, hello, hello are ok sir?
3.Ask somebody to activate the medical emergency system and ask them to bring along
an AED. (Call 999)
4.Breathing- expose the chest area, maintain head tilt chin lift position. Put your
ear/cheek near his airway to feel for warm air and listen for breathing sounds. Eyes see
for any chest movement. If no breathing, (check for airway obstruction) then give two
rescue breaths.Make sure chest expand with each breath.
5.Rescue breath- pinch the person nose tightly + still maintain head tilt n chin lift
position. Give breath to patient mouth.
6.Chest compressions- place heel of your hand in the middle of chest.(show how you
determine the position to place the hand) Place the other hand on top of it. Elbows
must be straight and shoulder directly above hand/body in 90 degree position.
Compress 30 times with the rate of 2 compressions per second. (count out loud)
followed by 2 rescue breaths. ( do 5 cycles of 30 compressions and 2 rescue breaths.
Recheck the circulation
Thank you
Wish all of u a best of luck