What is Cloud Computing?

It allows companies to offer services to clients on a pay-by-use system. It also allows companies to store data on a virtual server. It puts customers information and or applications in a virtual cloud that can be accessed through the web. Customers can enjoy software applications, and information storage at a low price.

Definitions
y It is a paradigm in which information is permanently

stored in servers on the Internet and cached temporarily on clients that include desktops, entertainment centers, table computers, notebooks, wall computers, handhelds, etc. y Cloud computing is a general term for anything that involves delivering hosted services over the Internet. y the idea of relying on Web-based application and storing data in the CLOUD of the internet.

Concept of Cloud Computing

y Concept dating back to the 1960 s by John McCarthy, a computer

scientist, brought up the idea that "computation may someday be organized as a public utility y Idea that revolutionized Cloud Computing:
y Utility Computing: packaging of computing resources, such as

computation and storage, as a metered service. y Grid Computing: a form of distributed computing which is composed of a cluster of networked computer to perform large tasks

y In some ways, the cloud is a natural next step from the grid-utility

model, said Frank Gens, an analyst at the research firm IDC. y It is a paradigm shift whereby details are abstracted from the users who no longer need knowledge of, expertise in, or control over the technology infrastructure "in the CLOUD" that supports them.

Virtualization
Virtualization is something which is not REAL, but displays the full qualities of the REAL . A software implementation of a machine that executes programs like a real machine.

Major Service Providers of Cloud Computing

Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud Amazon EC2

web service interface that provides resizable computing capacity in a cloud designed to make web-scale computing easier for developers reduces the time required to obtain and boot new server space from weeks to minutes allows developers to pay only for capacity that they actually use

Google 101 Network made up of millions of cheap servers, that would store staggering amounts of data, including numerous copies of the world wide web Makes search faster, helping ferret out answers to billions of queries in a fraction of a second. Google App Engine The leader in cloud computing. Google offers several services including e-mail and document creating applications. Google claims its services are 99.99% reliable. Though users have experienced downtime. Bugs and glitches always occur with new technology.

Salesforce.com was found in 1999 by former Oracle executive Marc Benioff as a company specializing in SaaS software. They are best known for their Customer Relationship Management (CRM) products, which it delivers to businesses over the internet using the SaaS model. SaaS Force.com Platform Web Services

Azure
Internet-scale cloud computing and services platform hosted in Microsoft data centers Provides a range of functionality to build applications that span from consumer web to enterprise scenarios Designed to help developers quickly and easily create, deploy, manage, and distribute web services and applications on the internet.

IBM are developing cloud computing applications for the everyday user called CloudBurst. IBM also offers private cloud computing services using IBM blue services software. Instead of putting information out on the internet it makes the companies data center into its own cloud. This cloud is blocked off from the internet using firewalls.

Scalable Pricing in Cloud Computing

Models of Pricing
Free Subscription Model Pay Per Use Enterprise Unlimited

License

Cost of using Cloud infrastructure

y Amazon Elastic Compute Cloud pricing y On-Demand Instances
y y y

Linux/UNIX Small (Default) $0.085 per hour Large $0.34 per hour Extra Large $0.68 per hour

Windows $0.12 per hour $0.48 per hour $0.96 per hour

y Data transfer Cost

y y

Data Transfer IN $0.10 per GB Data Transfer OUT y First 10 TB per Month $0.17 per GB y Next 40 TB per Month $0.13 per GB y Next 100TB per Month $0.11 per GB y Over 150 TB per Month $0.10 per GB

Services Provided by Cloud Computing

Software as a Service(SaaS)
Defined as service-on-demand, where a provider will license a tailored software Infrastructure providers can allow customers to run applications off their infrastructure, but transparent to the end user

Customers can utilize greater computing power while saving on the following
Cost Space Power Consumption Facility

Platform as a Service(PaaS)
y Provides all the facilities necessary to support the

complete process of building and delivering web applications and services, all available over the internet y Infrastructure providers can transparently alter the platforms for their customers unique needs y Google App Engine, Heroku, Mosso, Engine Yard, Joyent or force.com (SalesForce platform) are few of the examples of service providers.

Infrastructure as a Service(IaaS)
Defined as delivery of computer infrastructure as a service

Fully outsourced service so businesses do not have to purchase servers, software or equipment

Infrastructure providers can dynamically allocate resources for service providers

Service providers offer this service to end users Allows cost savings for the service providers, since they do not need to operate their own datacenter Ad hoc systems allow quick customization to consumer demands Amazon s EC2, GoGrid, RightScale and Linode are few of the examples of service providers.

Wide Spectrum of Usage

y y y y y y y y y y

BitTorrent Skype Groove LinkedIn SecondLife YouTube Qualys Google Microsoft Forums

y y y y y y

Blog-space Website Hosting VPS FaceBook WebEx Yahoo

Cloud Architecture
y Public Clouds y Private Clouds y Community Clouds y Hybrid Clouds

Public Clouds
a.k.a External Computing Easy and inexpensive Scalability No wasted resources Service provider makes resources dynamically available y Eg. Amazon s EC2, IBM s BlueCloud, Google AppEngine, Microsoft Azure etc.
y y y y y

Private Clouds
y a.k.a Internal Computing y Mainly used by y

y y y

corporations Provide hosted services to limited people or organizations Data Security Corporate Governance Reliability concern

Community Computing
y Mainly used by organizations having similar

requirements y Provide privacy and security y Policy compliance y Eg. Google s Gov Cloud

Hybrid Clouds

Hybrid Clouds
y Hybrid clouds combine both public and private cloud models. y They can help to provide on-demand, externally provisioned y y y y y

scale. The ability to augment a private cloud with the resources of a public cloud can be used to maintain service levels in the face of rapid workload fluctuations. This is most often seen with the use of storage clouds to support Web 2.0 applications. A hybrid cloud also can be used to handle planned workload spikes. Also used for archiving and backup functions. Sometimes called surge computing, a public cloud can be used to perform periodic tasks that can be deployed easily on a public cloud.

Key properties of Cloud Computing

y User C entric

y Task-Centric y Powerful y Accessible y Programmable y Pay as y ou go y C omplex requirements

C l o u d C o m p u t i n g P ro s
y Reduced Hardware equipment for end users y Improved Performance y Lower Hardware and Software Maintenance y Instant Software Updates y Accessibility y Less Expensive y Better Collaboration y Pay for what you use y Flexible y Need not invest on multiple licensing

Cloud Computing Cons

Security Issues (#1 concern) Internet connection Too many platforms Location of Servers Time for Transition Speed Ownership Availability and Performance Open source

Atibhi Lehakra ( 07 IT 511 ) Ayushi Gupta ( 07 IT 501 )