Definition of a Lodging Property History of Lodging Industry Lodging Facilities Types of Lodging businesses

THE LODGING INDUSTRY SEGMENT

Lodging property
may be defined as an establishment that charges fees for providing furnished sleeping accommodations to persons who are temporarily away from home or who consider these accommodations their temporary or permanent homes. Many of these establishments also provide food, beverages, cleaning services, and the range of other services normally associated with travel commonly sought by travelers.

 History of lodging can be traced back to the

civilizations of Sumeria and Ancient Egypt.  The need for a place to stay away from home is as old as the nomadic traveler

 Trading between cultures created the need

for groups of people to travel often great distances.  Oasis in the desert or a mountain pass in winter became logical places for trading caravans to rest.

The word "hospitality" comes from the Latin root meaning "host" or "hospice." The first hotels were nothing more than private homes opened to the public. Most, unfortunately, had poor reputations. Under the influence of the Roman Empire, inns and hotels began catering to the pleasure traveler in an effort to encourage visitors.

LODGING FACILITIES

Hotel
 A structure that provides sleeping

accommodations to travelers, usually features dining facilities and daily housekeeping facilities

Motel
 a lodging

establishment that caters to travelers with automobiles and provides self-service parking on premises.

Motel by night

All-suites
 Suites are accommodations with at least two

rooms  They may also feature kitchen-like elements

Inn
 small, typical rural,

lodging establishment that may or may not serve food.

Grandpa s Inn Vigan City

Lodge
 a lodging

establishment associated with a particular type of outdoor activity, such as ski lodge or hunting lodge.

Bed & Breakfast (B&Bs)

 home-like properties

charge guest to stay in a bedroom and offer full breakfast in communal setting. .

Youth Hostel
 A German

innovation  Mostly caters to students

Resort
 lodging facilities usually

located at popular vacation locations which offer recreational activities such as swimming, golf, tennis, or casino gambling.

Amanpulo Luxury Resort , Palawan

Condominium
 refers to apartments in

high-rise buildings located mostly on recreational areas. It is a furnished housing unit with kitchen areas, living rooms area, sleeping area, and bath. East Raya Gardens, Pasig

 Time shares

-owners a certain amount of the yearly time at the property or even at the network of such properties -also known as vacation ownership

Life Care
 a residential facility

that provides lodging and food service for people requiring nursing or related care. Those residing in nursing homes tend to be temporarily or permanently infirm, physically or mentally.

Guest House/Tourist Home

 are privately owned

homes where the owners rent individual bedrooms to visitors.

Boarding House
 is a residential facility

that provides lodging and meals for guests who normally consider the facility their home, whether temporarily or permanently.

Boarding house, Cebu City

Dormitory
 refers to a lodging

facility affiliated with some educational or other institution that provides sleeping accommodations for those in residence.

Nursing Home
 a residential facility

that provides lodging and food service for people requiring nursing or related care. Those residing in nursing homes tend to be temporarily or permanently infirm, physically or mentally.

Classification of a Lodging Facility

 Guest type  Price  Location  Style and function

Guest type
 can be classified into two major categories

business guests or leisure guests. Subcategories of guests are identified by type of travel or stay. Four subcategories include: walk-in, transient, corporate, and group guests. Most lodging businesses may choose one or two types of guests and focus on that market segment when designing products and promotional campaigns.

 Type of stay. Guests are classified by type

of travel or stay. The four categories are:

Walk-in a guest without a reservation. Transient an individual traveler with a reservation, staying in a hospitality property for a maximum of 30 consecutive days. Corporate is an individual or group traveler with a reservation made with a corporate rate negotiated between the hotel and the guest s company. Group is a traveler who receives a special rate negotiated between the group and the hotel. Group travelers can be corporate or SMERF, which means, social, military, educational, religious, or fraternal.

 Business guests are traveling for business

purposes and include convention attendees, association professionals, or corporate managers. Most business travel is short term in nature and is necessary for the success of the business.  Leisure or vacation guests can range from single individuals to groups of family and friends. Leisure travel is discretionary in nature, or done by personal choice, and so leisure guests may stay at lodging facilities for longer time periods.

Price
Lodging properties typically have price categories budget, midprice, and upscale.  Budget or economy, properties are inexpensive

hotels with limited services. They offer a standard sleeping room and bath. Food service is limited.  Midprice or midscale, properties provide standard sleeping rooms and baths. However, unlike budget properties, these facilities have more rooms, amenities, and food-and-beverage options.  Upscale or luxury, properties combine desirable location with a full array of features and services, such as full-service dining, recreation, and meeting space.

Room price is based on a number of factors:

Location of property can be the single most important factor determining the rate of the room. A desirable location carries a higher price. Location of room can also affect a rate. An upperfloor, oceanfront room, for example, will be more expensive than a room near a parking lot.

Amenities and the size of the room impact its price. Length of stay may also affect a guest s rate. A loyal frequent guest will be afforded a better discount than a walk-in. A guest staying for two weeks will receive better rate than an overnight transient guest.

 Season High season is the most expensive season and the most desirable period because of holidays, vacations, or weather.  Type of guest discounts are available for senior citizens, business travelers, travel agents, or student groups.

 Meals room rates do not traditionally include meals.

However, some all-inclusive resorts do include meals in their prices. A meal plan is a room rate that includes meals; some choices of meal plans are: European plan (EP): no meals included room only. Continental plan (CP): continental breakfast included. Breakfast most often includes coffee/tea, rolls/toast, and jams. Bermuda plan (BP): full breakfast, coffee/tea, juice, toast, eggs, and sometimes breakfast meats. Modified American plan (MAP): full breakfast and lunch or dinner. American plan (AP): also called full pension/full board, includes three meals per day.

Location
It is said that you can change anything about a lodging property except its location. Therefore, location is a critical factor affecting the room rate that a property can charge its guests.
Resort hotel Airport hotel Highway hotel Downtown hotel Conference centers/convention hotel casino hotel Extended stay hotel

 Resort hotel. Resort facilities are usually located in

private or secluded areas. They provide a variety of recreational offerings to their guests, ranging from multiple pools, tennis courts, and golf courses to less-structured offerings, such as walking trails, beaches, and bike paths. Ski resorts specialize in winter sports, including snowshoeing, tobogganing, snowmobiling, and cross-country and downhill skiing. All resorts combine luxurious amenities, wellappointed guest rooms, dining options, and meeting or convention space with top-notch service. Resorts are destinations where guests may choose to remain for weekends or for more extended vacations.

Boracay Regency Resort Hotel

 Airport hotel. Leisure travelers may use

airport hotels the night before taking an early flight for an extended vacation. Business clients prefer airport properties as a central and convenient place for accommodations for their crews. Passengers, who may be stranded due to weather and other unforeseen circumstances, also use airport hotels.

Waterfront Hotel, Cebu City

 Highway hotel. Roadside properties attract

transient guests traveling to a final destination. These travelers, who are often families, seek accessible locations, convenient food and beverage offerings, and limited recreational facilities, such as pools, game rooms, and vending machine services. The typical length of stay for guests at a highway property is one night.

Dusit Thani Manila

 Downtown hotel. City properties located in

downtown areas cater to business, convention, and leisure travelers. Most of these lodging facilities are in desirable locations near theater, office, shopping, and fine-dining sites. Services range from food and beverage, business, meeting, and concierge services.

Diamond Hotel, Manila

 Commercial Hotel commercial properties are

generally located in center-city for the convenience of the business traveler. These establishments have business centers, featuring office equipment for guests use, and full in-room modem connections.

Richmonde Hotel, Manila

 Convention Hotel commercial properties

that have the capability of hosting conferences and meetings. They have multiple meeting rooms and often large spaces where trade shows can be held. Conventions are the primary source of business.

Mandarin Oriental, Manila

 Casino Hotel offers patrons opportunities to

sleep cheap, yet spend big. They offer low room rates and low food costs because profits are made primarily through the gaming.

Hyatt Hotel & Casino

 Extended Stay hotel denotes lodging

facilities designed for guests who need longterm accommodations. They usually include kitchen and sitting rooms in each unit, thus are also called suite properties.

San Rafael, California

Style & function

The style and function of a property are based on its usage. Style and function affect the services provided, the type of guest attracted to the facility, and guests length of stay. Prices will vary based on style and function for different types of hotels, such as all-suite facilities, extended stay facilities, bed and breakfasts, spas, boutique hotels, vacation properties, and retreat centers.

Size

 a. small hotels up to 100 rooms  b. medium hotels 100 to 200 rooms  c. medium-large hotels 200 to 500 rooms  d. large hotels over 500 rooms

Quality Ranking
 a. five star outstanding, one of the best in the

country. exhibits an exceptionally high degree of service; striking, luxurious facilities with many extra amenities.  b. four star excellent, top-quality design and service. displays a high level of service and hospitality. properties offer a wide variety of amenities and upscale facilities inside the room, on the grounds, and in the common areas.  c. three star offers a degree of sophistication. additional amenities, services, and facilities may be offered.

Functions of the Hotel

 The primary function of the hotel is to provide

lodging accommodations. A hotel is made up of several businesses or revenue centers and cost counters. A few thousand products and services are sold every day. Each area of specialty requires dedication and quality commitment for each department to get little things right all the time. Furthermore, hotels need cooperation of a large and diverse group of people to perform well.

Who owns lodging facilities

 Maybe owned by a parent chain corporation.

 Property may be a franchise

-not all property is owned by the company - An outside person or company (franchisee) owns the property. - Pays a royalty, percentage of room sales, advertising fee and other miscellaneous cost the chain sets.

 Management Contract

- Privately-owned hotel may hire a major chain to provide management personnel to run the property, usually using the chain s brand name and reservation system

 Totally independent- a privately owned hotel

with no chain or affiliations

Trends that foster growth

 Leisure time  Me/ Pleasure concept

 Discretionary income  Family size  Household size  Business Travel  Travel as experience