Presented by: SAMPAT K.

Ashwinie

BIODIESEL
Refers to any diesel fuel substitute derived from vegetable oil or animal fat Defined as mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fats which conform to ASTM D6751 specifications. Alternative fuel for diesel engines

BIODIESEL Properties
It is a liquid which varies in color- between golden and dark brown -depending on the production feedstock immiscible with water has a high boiling point and low vapor pressure The flash point of biodiesel (>266 F) is significantly higher than that of petroleum diesel (147 F) or gasoline (-52 F).

BIODIESEL Properties
density of ~ 0.88 g/cm, less than that of water. Gelling: temperature at which pure (B100) biodiesel starts to gel varies significantly and depends upon the feedstock oil used to produce the biodiesel. Canola seed : 10 C Tallow : +16 C

BIODIESEL
Made through a chemical process called transesterification whereby the glycerine is separated from the fat or vegetable oil. 2 products - methyl esters (biodiesel) - glycerin

BIODIESEL chemically

BIODIESEL
Historical background
Transesterification of a vegetable oil was conducted as early as 1853 by scientists E. Duffy and J. Patrick, many years before the first diesel engine became functional. Rudolf Diesel's prime model, a single 10 ft (3 m) iron cylinder with a flywheel at its base, ran on its own power for the first time in Augsburg, Germany, on August 10, 1893 running on nothing but peanut oil. In remembrance of this event, August 10 has been declared "International Biodiesel Day".

BIODIESEL
Always refers to 100% biofuel Biodiesel blends composed of a mix of biodiesel and petroleum-based diesel BXX - XX is the % biodiesel E.g B20 - 20% biodiesel, 80% petroleum diesel B100 - pure biodiesel

BIODIESEL
Compared to other renewables

Source : valuefinance.blogspot.com

BIODIESEL

BIODIESEL

BIODIESEL
Global biodiesel production has reached 2.1 billion gallons.

Approximately 85% of biodiesel production came from the European Union.

B99 and B100 generally cost more than petrodiesel except where local governments provide a subsidy.

SOURCES OF BIODIESEL
Animal source
     

beef tallow Lard Grease Poultry fats Fish oils Used cooking by-products

SOURCES OF BIODIESEL jatropha curcas

SOURCES OF BIODIESEL jatropha curcas

SOURCES OF BIODIESEL red palm oil

SOURCES OF BIODIESEL red palm

SOURCES OF BIODIESEL pongamia pinnata

SOURCES OF BIODIESEL rapeseed (Canola)

SOURCES OF BIODIESEL soybean

SOURCES OF BIODIESEL sunflower

SOURCES OF BIODIESEL algae

SOURCES OF BIODIESEL algae

BIODIESEL

BIODIESEL

BIODIESEL
Relative emissions

Source: www.foxcreek-consulting.com

BIODIESEL
As a heating oil
Biodiesel can also be used as a heating fuel in domestic and commercial boilers, a mix of heating oil and biofuel It is sometimes known as bioheat available in various blends; up to 20% biofuel is considered acceptable for use in existing furnaces without modification.

BIODIESEL
Advantages
Lower emissions compared to petroleum diesel Reduce dependence of petroleum products Requires no engine modifications Perform well all year round (even in cold climates) Health security safer for people to breath Economic growth Eco-restoration Biodegradable Non-toxic Safer to transport and handle

BIODIESEL
Drawbacks Lower energy content More expensive per gallon to manufacture than fossil petroleum Engine failure More nitrogen oxide emissions Availability is somewhat limited Expensive to change everything to biodiesel Ethics

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REFERENCES

www.flickr.com www.inorganics.basf.com www.srsengineering.com www.biodiesel.org.cold www.edd-eu.org/stats.php www.cpast.org/Articles www.fueleconomy.gov www.ehow.com/list_6046258_advantages-disadvantages-biodiesel-fuel.html www.tcbiodiesel.com/biodiesel www.buzzle.com www.journeytoforever.org/biofuel_food.html

www.wikipedia.org/wiki/Biodiesel www.biodiesel.org green.autoblog.com/category/biodiesel/