June-2009 Amy.

Tang

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Report outline
1. Solar panel industry overview

Solar cell industry overview. Solar panel industry overview Solar panel knowledge Solar panel category Solar panel application Government support Solar panel price and cost Solar cost reduction Top 10 Manufacturers in China Manufacturer allocation

2. Product survey

3. Solar panel Industry development

4. Manufacturer survey

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Solar panel industry overview

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Chinese Solar cell industry overview

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Solar Power Generation

Solar Photovoltaic Power
1984: 1988: 2005: 2006:

annual output 200 KM annual output 4.5 MW annual output 139 MW annual output 300 MW ranking the 3rd in the world

China: Solar

energy efficiency of monocrystalline silicon cell : 11-13% (commercial), 25% (in lab)

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

China Solar panel industry overview

China has secured its position as one of the largest solar panel manufacturers in the world, with production soaring at impressive rates in the past several years. The industry's production capacity is approximately 2,000MW as of 2007end(5456MW-global). Actual output is much lower at about 570MW, due mainly to the insufficient supply of solar cells worldwide. Despite the shortage, outlook in the solar panels manufacturing industry remains generally bright. More makers are entering the line, as evidenced by the 17% growth in the supplier base. Further, companies are investing in manufacturing systems that will enable them to make solar cells and wafers in-house. Others are expanding into PV power application products where silicon cells do not account for a significant portion of outlay.

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Solar panel product survey

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Solar panel product survey

Product knowledge:

How to hand make solar cell hand make solar cell. PDF Knowledge of solar panel: knowledge of getting solar energy.pdf
P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Solar panel category

1.Crystalloid silicon panel
polycrystalline silicon

Monocrystalline Silicon

2. Amorphous crystalline silicon panel

Monocrystalline
P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Polycrystalline

Amorphous crystalline

Characteristics of 3 type panel

1. Monocrystalline silicon panel
The photoelectric transformation efficiency of Monocrystalline silicon panel is about 15% to 24%, it is the most effective technique among solar battery technology, but it is also the most expensive way, so it cant be implemented widely yet. Steel glass and waterproof resin are often used to encapsulate the monocrystalline silicon enabling the panel tough enough for 15~25 years use.

2. Polycrystalline silicon panel

The photoelectric transformation efficiency of polycrystalline silicon panel is only 12%, 14.9% top. It is more economical compare to monocrystalline, so it can be operated widely. Materials use in polycrystalline is more practical, but the capacity are lower than monocrystalline.

3. Amorphous crystalline
The Amorphous has complete different manufacture process to the previous two. Much simpler process and consume less silicon. It can work with dim light. But it has only 10% photoelectric transformation efficiency, not capable for lighting system electricity generation.
P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Mono-crystalline Solar Cells

The silicon is melted and crystals formed through a seeding process Crystals are large up to 12cm diameter Sliced into wafers 0.2 0.4mm thick Metal grids are attached front and back to conduct the electricity Cells are mounted on an acetate base with a glass panel on top to provide protection and waterproofing About 20% efficient (ie converts 20%of the suns energy falling onto the cell into electricity)

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Poly-crystalline Solar Cells

Made of many tiny silicon crystals pieced together The small crystals are inexpensive to make but lose efficiency because the boundaries between the crystals impede the flow of electricity Similar overall efficiency and cost characteristics as mono-crystalline cells
P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Amorphous (thin-film) Solar Cells

Gaseous silicon is condensed onto a substrate to make extremely thin (0.3 micron) solar cells Crystals are arranged randomly hence the term amorphous Uses very little silicon Low embodied energy Flexible and semi-transparent Tolerant of shade and heat But amorphous structure is not efficient and so efficiency typically 12% overall (which means the arrays are larger than crystalline arrays of a similar power output)
P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Comparison of solar cells

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Pro & corn of solar panel

Pros: No Pollution Solar power does not release carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide nor mercury into the atmosphere. Saves you Money Well, after the initial investment, your utility bills will be much lower and often times there wont be an amount due at all. Less Consumption Because it requires no fuel, you will save money on the cost of gasoline. Nearly Maintenance Free Manufacturers are offering warranties of 20 years and more. Energy Credits You can build a credit of energy if your solar system produces more energy than you use. Its Sustainable and Renewable Fossil fuels such as coal, oil and natural gas are non-renewable and dwindling. Solar energy will never run out. The Noise Factor They are silent and have no moving parts.
P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Cons:

$$$ The main disadvantage is the price. The panels and installation have high starting costs. Climate Variability Although solar energy can be used in most climates, the number of hours of sunlight will determine the number of panels youll need and what the wattage of power will be. Aesthetics Solar panels take up quite a bit of roof space and to some and arent pleasant to look at. Not 24 Hours They only work when the sun is shining. At night you will have to rely on stored energy from net metering or have an alternative system.

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Solar panel application: How much power solar panel make?

Output is effected by temperature, sun angle and shading Partial shade causes crystalline panels to switch off Thin film panels continue to work in partial shade Solar array output is measured in

peak power (kWp) Energy = power x time (kWh) A 1kW array, in full sun, in Sydney, will produce on average 1,400kWh of electrical energy per year
P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Power that a house uses Houses and peoples life styles are all different and effect energy usage. For instance, for a family of 4 in a 200m2 house:

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Solar panel industry development

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Solar panel development

Solar energy will transfer from isolated system to combined grid system in 2020. Cost of the solar energy is gradually decline from 40/W in 2000 to 33/W in 2003, 27/W in 2004. Average price for solar energy combined system will be RMB3 4/KWh, 11~13 times higher then the traditional energy. The key fact to develop the market is to reduce the cost of solar energy, the key fact to reduce the cost is to improve the efficiency of solar panel. Solar panel manufacturing will focus on polycrystalline silicon Nowadays, the average price of solar energy module:3.8~4.3$/Wp, retail price:5.3$/Wp, by 2020 the price will be under 1$/Wp.
P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Governmental Support to Solar Energy Industry

1.Financial support

From 1987 to 1997, 120 million per year technical innovation loan to support renewable energy industries In 2002, 175 million technical innovation loan further allocated to the production lines upgrading solar industries Financial support also available from local governments In 2007, National Reform and Planning Commission launched a bright project with 10 billion to application of PV power

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

2.Promote standardization and legislation Setting up a solar water heater quality monitoring and authentication system

Three quality monitoring centers set up in Beijing, Wuhan and Kunming An authentication center set up in Beijing by 2004

Legislation

On 28 February 2005 China released the Renewable Energy Act, enforcing from 1 January 2006

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Chinas Long-Term Plan for Renewable Energies up to 2020

On the day of 4 September 2007, China released a plan for next 13 years of renewable energies up to 2020 By 2010 renewable energies 10% of total consumption; by 2020 reaches 15%

2010 Hydro power 190 GW

2020 300 GW 30 GW 30 GW 1.8 GW

Bio- power 5.5 GW Wind power Solar power 0.5 GW 5 GW

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Solar price and cost Solar cost reduction

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Solar panel costs (for a typical 1kW system)

Panels, inverter and installation = $14,500 - $15,500 Less government rebate ($8-00/W) = $8,000 Less Renewable Energy Certificates (REC) = $500 Net cost = $6,000 - $7,000 Notes: Government rebate only available to householders RECs are sold to energy retailers to help meet their mandatory renewable energy (MRE) targets if they are not selling sufficient renewable energy. The solar panel provider generally deducts the REC from the cost of the PV system and sells them to the energy company on your behalf
P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

How long for solar panels to pay for themselves? Embodied energy is paid back in 3 4 years (including,
inverters, support frames and installation labour) Financial payback takes longer: 1kW system with net cost $6,000 Pays back 1,400kWh pa @ 19c/kWh = $266 (4.4% return) The value of money is ~2.1% net, therefore pays for itself in about 24 years If buyback rates increase as in Germany (SA Gov pursuing this), the equation gets much better 40c/kWh pays itself in 12 years Statement of values, rather than a financial investment decision

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Solar price learning curve

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Future cost reduction drivers

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Value Chain cost distribution

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Enabling Industry Growth by Driving Cost Reduction

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Cost Per Watt Expected to Scale with Fab Size

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Solar Panel Manufacturer Survey

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Solar Panel Manufacturer allocation in China

6% 5%

9% 6%

15 % 22 % 8%

1.Guangdong province:30% 2.Zhejiang province:22% 3.Jiangsu province:15%

4%

5%

30 %

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Top 10 solar panel manufacturers in China

No. Company name Region employee Capacity (million W/year)
160.1 90

website

1 2

Wuxi Suntech Power Yingli Green Energy Holding Company Limited JA Solar Holdings Co., Ltd.

Wuxi,Jiangsu Baoding,Hebei

3000 1600

www.suntech-power.com

http:// www.yinglisolar.com/enmain/user/ind http://www.jasolar.com/Web/index-en.asp

Anding,Hebei

800

75

China Sunergy Col,Ltd

Nanjing,Jiangsu

1200

55

http://www.chinasunergy.com/

Jiangsu Linyang Solarfun Co.,Ltd.

Jiangsu

1500

45

http://www.solarfun.com.cn/

6 7

Sopray Solar Co., Ltd. Yunnan Tianda Photovoltaic Co.,Ltd Ningbo Solar Electric Power Co.,Ltd Shanghai Topsolar Green Energy Co., Ltd Zhejiang Sunflower Light Energy Science & Technology Limited

Taizhou,Zhejiang Kunming,Yunnan

300 450

40 39

http://www.sopraysolar.com/ http://www.ynsolar.cn/

Ningbo,Zhejiang

400

35

http:// www.nbsolar.com/cn/zindex.php http://www.topsola.com/

Shanghai

400

25

10

Shoxing,Zhejiang

400

25

http://www.sunowe.com/

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Chinese solar panel manufacturer directory 2009

Company name Shenzhen Kingsun new energy tech.co., Ltd Union Power Industrial Co., Ltd Region Shenzhen Company brif registered capital of RMB 10 million Company website Contact

http://neixun.w2.91cdn.com/ Mr.Chen:0755-83425059

sold into Europe Australia and America http://www.unionpower-solar.com/about/index_e.asp Ms.Huan:89394137

ZY PV Solar Science Technologies Co., LTD Shenzhen Suoyang New Energy Co., LTD. Shenzhen DesunPV Co., Ltd

http://www.szsuoyang.com/en/home/in http://en.zypv.cn/newEbiz1/EbizPortalFG/portal/html/index.html Liu Xiaobo dex.asp Tel:86-755-83253685 annual capacity 100MW, 95% exported http:// Mr.Yi:0755-29935205-604 to Europe, America and Australia.past www.szsuoyang.com/en/home/index.asp ISO, CE, IEC and TUV ISO9001 http://www.desunpv.com Mr.Li:89810250 /en/ http://www.szbico.cn/ Mr.Zhou:0755-21076831

Shenzhen Sungold Co.,Ltd

150 workers, invested RMB 1 million

Shenzhen Global Solar Energy Technology Co., Ltd CtySolar Technology

past ISO 9000 ISO 14000 invested RMB 5 million 1 of top 10 solar manufactures, has past the ISO 9001:2000, CE, TUV daily output exceeding 50,000 watts

http:// Mr.Zhou:89982280-8005 www.solarsunny.com.cn/ http://www.ctysolar.com/ Mr.Chen:0755-28159800

Shenzhen Lei Xin Solar Energy Techonology Co.,Ltd Jiawei Solarchina Co., Ltd.

http://www.leixinsolar.com Mr.Li:0755-61506939 /En/ http:// Gary Lee:0755-82254470www.solarchina.com.hk/eng/index.htm 833 http:// rolex:755-25866916; www.dongfangsolar.com/ szdf04@yahoo.com.cn

industry leading company past TUV, UL and IEC. 1,000 SM big, 200 workers

China Orient Technology Co., Ltd

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

Chinese solar panel manufacturer directory 2009

Company name Guangdong Fivestar Solar Energy Co.,Ltd Sunflowers Power Energy Techonology CO., LTD Dongguan Link-Light Solar Energy Sicence and Technology Company Ltd., Sunny International Power Corp ZHEJIANG HENGJI PV-TECH Huzhou, Zhejiang ENERGY CO.,LTD Ningbo Ulica Solar Science Ningbo,Zhejiang &Technology Co.,Ltd Chint Solar (Zhejiang) Co. Ltd Refine Solar Co., Ltd Region Guangzhou,Guangd ong HK hold company, Dongguan, Guangdong running with ISO9001 2000 Company brif Company website Contact

http:// www.fivestarpower.com/company.asp http://www.sf-power.cn/ Mr.Zhang 20-81982548 http:// Mr.Wang:0769-22853501 www.yuhuisolar.com/en/about.asp http:// Mr.Guo:0769www.worldbestsolar.com/ 87336863;sunnypower825@ gmail.com http://www.hengjipv.com/ Ms.Xu:86-572-2119183 past IEC,CE,TUV,UL,SGS http:// Willy:0574-28828978 www.ulsolar.com.cn/english/ulicacvdecoen.html http:// Mr.Li:15967138675 www.chintsolar.com/en/index.asp http:// Mr.Li:0571-82660511 www.refinesolar.com/en/ http:// Mr.Mao:0571-87048932 www.bettysolar.com/main.php?sLAN =en http://www.ly-pv.cn/ Ms.Zheng:0570-3688767

Hangzhou,Zhejiang efficiency 16.5% HK company, invest USD28 million, 23000m2.

Hangzhou yuemei solar energy electric instrument co.,ltd Le Ye energy techonology Zhangjiagang Suntary New Energy Technology Co., Ltd. Shuzhou,Zhejiang Invest RMB280million past ISO9001 QMS certificate

http://www.solarpv.cc/newEbiz1/EbizPortalFG/portal/html/index Mr.Geng:0512-58962106

Wuxi Saijing Solar Energy Wuxi,Zhejiang Co,.Ltd Wuxi Shangpin Solar Energy Wuxi,Zhejiang Science & Technology Co.,Ltd
P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)

year 100MW productivity,pst TUV,IEC61215/IEC61730,GBT6465 invest 50million USD.

http:// Ms.He:0510-87235958 www.wxecs.com/einto.asp http:// Mr.Zhan:13656199872 wxsunpower.com/en/eindex.php

Chinese solar panel manufacturer directory 2009

Company name Region China Everpower-PV Technology Hengshui,Hebei Co.,Ltd Hebei Zhengyuan Kaixin New Hebei province Energy S&T Co., Ltd Anhui Paiya Solar Energy Co., ltdHefei, Anhui Ningxiayude Solar Technology Yinchuan, Ningxia Co., Ltd Xuzhou Shengkang Solar Xuzhou,Jiangshu Energy Electronics Co., Ltd Nanjing PV-Tech Co., Ltd Nanjing, Jiangsu Shaokun Power Co.Ltd Xianning, Hubei Company brif Company website Contact http://www.everpw.com/ Mr. Xiang: 0318-2082258

Yidu Sunnyworld Solar-Energy Yichang,Hubei Co., Ltd Smiko Group Xiamen, Fujian

SunWorld technology (Luoyang) Luoyang, Henan Limited Xinjiang United Navigating Xinjiang Province Integral Tech Co.,Ltd Yunnan OSD photovoltaic Kunming,Yunnan Co.,Ltd XI'AN TIN KEE PHOTONIC Xi'an, Shanxi TECHNOLOGY CO.,LTD Jiuneng Solar company Shanghai

mainly produce the 125*125 ,156*156 http:// Mr.Jia: 0310--2608080 monocrystal silicon cell, year www.zykjyg.com/en/main.asp productivity of 25 megawatts past CE ISO9001, factory 150 arce http://www.solarpaiya.comManager Zhou:0551big / 7181533 6000 square meters,registered capital http:// Mr.Zhang:0953-2262600 8 million RMB www.nxydtyn.com/en/intro.asp Invest over RMB10million, http:// Mr.Qiu:0516-83899658 www.xingsheng.sh.cn/xs/english/main.asp ISO9001,ISO14001,OSHMS18001 http:// Mr.Zhu:025-52095679 www.ceeg.cn/en/index.asp invest RMB 120million http:// Miss Chen:0715-8209112 www.zhaokunpv.com / 23,400m2,ISO 9001:2000,175Whttp:// Tel:86-717-4826191 CE,120W-CE,90 W-CE www.esunnyworld.com/english / Professional Solar &LED-Lighting from www.smiko.com Mr.Zhong:0592-5902537 Sigapore, client:PHILIPS SHARP OS ROM 6400 http:// Mr.Guo:0379-62186998 www.jsolarenergy.com/xyj/en/index.asp http://www.xjunit.net/ Mr.Xin:0991-3830096 http:// 0871-8330580 www.osdpv.com/About.asp # http://www.chicon-hk.com/guangdian/index-guangdian2.htm Mr.Xu:13991829980 http://www.jiuneng-solar.com/index.html Miss Hu: 021-38180002

co-invest by HK, invested RMB 300 million,260 workers own some solar tech patent

P:\Templates\TridonicAtco_blank-presentation_.pot (Thomas Marinelli)