AUTOCLAVE

DEFINITION
 An autoclave is a device to sterilize equipment and supplies by subjecting them to high pressure steam at 121 C or more. It was more. invented by Charles Chamberland in 1879. 1879.  The term autoclave is also used to describe an industrial machine in which elevated temperature and pressure are used in processing materials. materials.

DEFINITION (Cont)
 Autoclave is a sterilizer using a moist heating system. Temperature steam under pressure depends on the pressure. In the autoclave temperature can reach 121 0C at 15 Psi (pounds per square inch) pressure. So the pressure to work the entire surface of the object is 15 pounds each inchi (15 Psi = 15 pounds per square inch). Old sterilization is usually 15 minutes to 121 0C

FUNCTIONS
 Autoclaves are widely used in microbiology, microbiology, medicine, medicine, sterilizing instruments for body piercing, piercing, veterinary science, dentistry, science, dentistry, podiatry and metallurgy. metallurgy.  Autoclaves are also used in the rubber industry, particularly in the manufacture of very large pieces such as crude oil hoses used to connect to oil tankers offshore. offshore.

Functions (Cont)
 Function of Autoclaves in medicine :A medical

autoclave is a device that uses steam to sterilize equipment and other objects. This means that all bacteria, viruses, fungi, and spores are inactivated.

Function (Cont)
 An autoclave is a device to sterilize equipment and supplies by subjecting them to high pressure steam at 121 C or more  A notable growing application of autoclaves is in the treatment and sterilization of waste, such as pathogenic hospital waste.  Autoclave is a device that uses steam to sterilize equipment and other objects.

Examples of Autoclave

Autoclaves in medicine

Parts of Autoclave In general

1. External Pan. 2. Internal pan as a place to put bottle with a way of steam conduit place. 3. Cover with the pressure pointer and steam conduit 4. Valve of steam 5. Clem or key

 Diagram autoklaf vertical

1. Countdown timer button (timer) 2. Valve vaporization 3. gauge pressure 4. valve settings 5. On-off button 6. Thermometer 7. Plates heat source 8. Aquades (dH2O) 9. Security screw 10. limit the addition of water

Product Name Model Number

:35L Simple Autoclaves : BJ1002-1

Parts of Autoclave In Microbiology Lab

    
Pressure meter Preheating Switch Pressure Increase Pressure Hold Sterilizing Stop

Parts of Autoclave In Microbiology Lab (Cont)

    
Timer Heating Time Switch Water Level Pressure Controller Buzzer

Principles of Steam Sterilization



Sterilization: Sterilization: the complete destruction of all forms of microbial life, including bacterial spores Steam under pressure reaches high temperatures

Standard Temperature and Pressure

 Max Working Temperature : 1260 C 
Maximal Working Pressure : 0,14 0,16 mpA Power 4,5 Kw / 220 V 50 Hz

How Long to Autoclave

Dry goods @ 121 C (min)


Time

Glassware, empty, inverted Instruments, wrapped Utensils, wrapped 30

15

30

How Long to Autoclave

Liquids, in bottles with vented caps Time (minutes) Size (ml) 75 25 250 30 500 40 1000 45 1500 50 2000 55

Sterilization Techniques


Fabrics and Hard Goods  use gravity cycle (or pre-vacuum if preavailable) Liquid  use liquids cycle only

Six methods of sterilization in microbiology laboratory

a. sterilization by heat b. sterilization by filtration c. Sterilization by radiation d. sterilization by sound waves e. sterilization by freezing

Three ways of sterilization by heat

a. Direct flame b. Moist heat ~Boiling water ~Steam under pressure c. Dry heat

How to Use ?
 Before sterilization check first in the number of water autoklaf. If the water is less than the specified limit, then the water can be added to the limit. Use water distillation results, to avoid the formation of encrustation and rust. Enter the equipment and materials. If to sterilization closed bottles thread, then the closing should is reduced Close autoklaf meeting with the bolts and tighten the security to not have the steam out of the mouth autoklaf. The valve is not dikencangkan first.

 

How to Use ?(cont)

4. Turn on autoclave, set the timer with the time at least 15 minutes at a temperature of 121oC. 5. Wait until boiling water so that its steam meet autoclave compartment and push the valve out of it. Then the valve is closed and wait until finished. Calculations within 15 'starting pressure reached 2 atm. 6. If the alarm sounds finished sign, the wait for pressure to come down in the same compartment with the air pressure in the environment (on pressure gauge needle points to zero). Then the valve-the valve is open and remove the contents autoclave with caution.

Seven terms
Autoclave must be in good condition Autoclave is not filled excessive. These tubes prepacked loose in the basket and not placed in a container that can trap air. Large number of objects in one container should be heated before to avoid delay in a lot of time. If possible, objects that are distributed into a smaller container. All air must be exhausted out of the autoclave, because if not, then temperature will be lower than desired. Sterilization time should be achieved before the timing cycle sterilization.

Seven terms (cont)

Material that is sterilized the liquid form (liquid) or permeable of steam. Material in a closed container or large roll of cloth can not be easily sterilized in the autoclave. Flask or tube should not be filled until further 2 / 3 full. Closing of the tube-tube and the flask must be reduced thread in during autoclaving. When the autoclave has been off (muted), pressure can not be revealed too quickly, if not, cotton cover can be detached from the tube or from (flask), and extensive fluid out. Autoclave must not be opened before the pressure reaches zero.

Safety Instructions


Heat proof  Gloves  Face Shield  Apron

Safety Instructions (cont.)



Proper procedures  Close door tightly  Check chamber pressure before opening  Crack door before opening  Wear loose fitting thermal gloves  Let hot liquids cool

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