Discuss the concept, nature & general ideas of Islamic Law

Shari ah is an Arabic word meaning the Path to be followed. Islamic law religious law based on the texts of the Quran and the Sunnah Allah, the Almighty created the Islamic Law Shariah is originated from the direct commend of Allah

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law [CONT.]

Allah is the Law Creator/ Giver Which path do you like to follow? Good or Bad It is the path/way not only leading to Allah, the Most High, but the path/way believed by all Muslims to be the path shown by Allah, the Creator, Himself through His Messenger, Prophet Muhammad (Peace be upon him).

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law [CONT.]

In Islam, Allah alone is the sovereign and it is He has the right to ordain a path for the guidance of mankind It is only Shariah that liberates man from servitude to other than Allah Islamic Law maintains justice which is a command of Allah and He also conforms that whoever violates it faces grievous punishment

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law [CONT.]

Allah command justice by doing of GOOD and charity to kith and kin and He forbids all shameful deeds and injustice and rebellion: He instruct you that you may receive admonition. Justice is a comprehensive term ensured by Islam that may include all the virtues of good behavior.

Discuss the Concept, Nature & General Ideas of Islamic Law [CONT.]
To ensure justice in the society The fundamental doctrine of Islamic law is to present universal message for the whole of humanity The share itself stands for justice Islamic law is more accurate and structured It is important that Islamic rule is accepted as fair by all including non-Muslims

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Islamic law is against all kinds of injustice Allah (SWT) says to the effect: But Allah loveth not those who do wrong .

(Surah All Imran: 57) Allah the Most Just But Allah (SWT) reminds us to the effect Muslims are requested to possess and maintain both inward purity and outward cleanliness

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law [CONT.]

Islamic law confirms obedience to God and seeking for truth Islamic law confirms generosity and forgivingness Islamic law in its very essence is a religion of love, brotherhood and equality. It proclaims that love is fundamentally for Allah, the Creator of the whole universe Islamic law and the Holy Prophet (SAW) has prescribed a measure of it, when he says: Desire the same thing for others which you desire for yourself.

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The Holy prophet (SAW) said: Search for knowledge even if you have to go to China. If anybody goes on his way in search of knowledge, God will thereby make easy for him the way to paradise. The priority of the learned man over a mere worshipper is the superiority of the moon when it is full over all the stars.

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Islamic law has a dynamic view of life, of knowledge and progress Islamic law encourages liberty, freedom of conscience, mutual co-operation through the unifying force of love, brotherhood and equality Islamic law recognises individual initiative and property ownership, but avoidance of extreme property ownership Is not Allah the wisest of judges?

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

Islamic law confirms the Unity of Allah: It is the first principle of Islam and of everything Islam. It is the principle that Allah is indeed Allah; that no other being is Allah; and that He is absolutely One Absolutely transcendent, metaphysically and axiologically ultimate; that everything else is separate and different from Him and His creation. He is the source of all goodness and beauty His will is the law of nature as well as the law of morality.

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

All good and happiness, as all life and all energy, are His gifts. Allah (SWT) has granted the world as a temporary gift and theatre to man. He has made everything in it subservient to him

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

Islamic law is the eternal message from Allah, the Creator of the universe, revealed to humanity through a chain of messengers that extended from Adam (A.S) to the last Prophet Muhammad (SAAS) in all places and at all times.

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

The world Islam in Arabic means the peaceful surrender It is a joyful submission It is wilful yielding It is a cheerful acceptance of bondage It is volitional consignment of oneself.

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

It is the rational renouncing of one s own independence It is a devoted surrender to the Creator, holding fast to the teachings and guidance toward which Allah has invited men with knowledgement and commitment.

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

Islam cannot be based on ignorance, and faith cannot be without commitment Islamic law recognises the family as the constitutive unit of social order Islamic law accepts the fact that man is fundamentally free Islamic law ensures Islamic Zakat Systems

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

Prophet Muhammad (SAAS) describes himself as: I have been sent as an educator The Quran honors knowledge and the knowledgeable people in numerous verses of which we select these:

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

Six pillars in Islamic Law Belief in Allah (God) Belief in the angels Beliefs in the revealed books Beliefs in the messengers (Prophets) Belief in the resurrection and the events of the Day of Judgement Belief in the predestination of all things and events (Qada) and God s decree

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

Five Pillars of Islam: Essential Practices of a Muslim

To testify that none has the right to be worshipped but God (Allah) To offer the five compulsory prayers (salat) To pay the obligatory charity To perform pilgrimage to Mecca (Hajj) To fast during the month of Ramadan

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

Some Key terms Associated with Islamic Law Quran-The holy scripture of Islam which Muslims believe is the revealed book of Good Sunahth-It an example and activities of the Prophet Muhammad (S.M) Shari a-Islamic law, meaning the path to be followed Fiqh-: Islamic jurisprudence or Islamic Law Alim: A scholar of religion Mufti: Person who is qualified to issue a fatwa (a legal opinion) Faqih: Scholar qualified in Islamic legal theory

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

Some Leading Schools of Law in Islam There are several schools of Law in Islam such as: Hanafi- It is based on the teachings of Abu Hanifa Maliki-It is based on the teachings of Maliki Ibn Anas Shafi-It is based on the teachings of the Muhammad Ibn Idris alShafi Hanbali-It is based in the Ahmad Ibn Hanbali Jafri School-It is the major shafi school

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

Islamic Justice is wide and boundless Justice required in Islam is broad and without any limitation. It does not limit its application only to law and the judiciary But it is applicable in every field and activity of mankind Man as the servant and vicegerent of Allah (SWT) on earth is obligated to obey all the commands of Allah (SWT) and avoid all His prohibitions and injunctions.

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

Impact of Islamic Law on Muslim and non-Muslims

The application of Shariah to Muslims and non- Muslims alike is to do equal justice to all the citizens. But the belief and practice of the non-Muslims of their religion and religious law in their personal life are permitted. In Surah al- Baqar ah, Allah (SWT) ordains to the effect: Let there be no compulsion in religion.

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

Allah watches and witnesses your deeds wherever you are or that Allah is everywhere by His knowledge And He is Allah above the heavens The Four Imams such as Malik, Shafi, Abu Hanifa and Ahmad bin Hanbal agreed that Allah is over His Divine Throne without any resemblance to his creations He is everywhere by His Supreme Self. Allah the Supreme has spoken the Truth

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

Enjoining Good and Forbidding Evil There are the two basic pillars upon which a healthy society can be built. These two are also the characteristics of the Muslim nation. Allah the exalted says: You are the best of peoples ever raised up for mankind; you enjoin good and forbid evil and you believe in Allah.

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

Meaning of Jihad (Fighting in the cause of Allah) Jihad is obligatory on every Muslim in two ways:

By spending one s wealth or offering oneself for fighting in the cause of Allah. It can also be by preaching or defending Islam through tongue and pen. Reward varies for various types of Jihad. Jihad as an Individual Duty Jihad as a Collective Duty Jihad against Rulers Jihad against Disbelievers Jihad against the wrongdoers Jihad against the Satan Jihad against the One s Self

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

Some Pillars of Islam To testify that there is no God but Allah (i.e., none has the right to be worshipped but Him) and that Muhammad is the Messenger of Allah. To perform the obligatory prayers (Salat) perfectly fulfilling all its conditions and in full submission to Allah To pay Zakat (the obligatory charity) i.e., if a Muslim owns 75 grams of gold or an equivalent amount of money, he should pay 2.5 per cent as Zakat. There are also fixed rates for all other types of wealth. To perform Hajj (for those who can afford it in terms of money, health and legal company in case of women and security) and To fast the month of Ramadan (i.e., abstain from eating drinking, sex and all other things that are not permitted during fasting from dawn to sunset.

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

The Pillars of Faith To believe in: Allah (in His Oneness of Lordship. Worship, Names, Attributes and legislations) His angels (as creatures whom Allah created of light to execute His orders His Books (the Torah, the Bible, the Psalms and the Quran, the last of them as the best and everlasting His Messengers from the first Noah to the last Muhammad The Last Day (the Day of Judgements when people will be held accountable for their deeds and actions Predestination, and whether good or bad.

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

Some Factors which nullify Islam-There are certain factors which nullify Islam. If a Muslim commits one of them, he commits the Shrik which makes his deeds null and void and necessitates his abidance in Hell unless he repents: These are: Slaughtering in the name of a Prophet or a pious man (saint). Allah the Exalted says: Therefore perform the prayer to your Lord and sacrifice Depending on or putting trust in other than Allah. Allah the Exalted says: Then put your trust in Him if you are Muslims Denying any of the pillars of Islam: Prayer, Hajj, Zakat etc.; or the denial of the pillars of Faith (Imam) is also a nullifier of Islam. Denial of anything known to be something of Islam also falls into this type of nullifier Non-belief in any of the Messengers of Allah: We do not discriminate against any of His Messengers Separating the State from the religion and saying that there is no politics in Islam. Such a belief denies the Quran and the Sunnah and the life of the Prophet The belief of some Sufis that there is no dichotomy between Allah and the universe (Monism) and that everything is Allah (Pantheism

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

Do not swear by anyone other than Allah Some Hadith concerning Prayer Pray as you have seen me pray If one of you enters mosque, let him perform two Rakah before he sits down. It is known as the Tahiyatul-Masjid (Greeting of the Mosque) (Bukhari) Do not sit on the graves or pray towards them (Muslim)

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

How to perform Friday prayer with its Etiquettes?

Take a bath, trim your finger and toe nails, put on clean clothes and use perfume after ablution. Don t smoke cigarette Brush your teeth using Miswak (wooden brush) or paste etc.

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

How to perform Friday prayer with its Etiquettes? When you enter the mosque perform two Rakah greeting of the mosque, even if the sermon is in progress. The Prophet said:
Sit quiet and do not talk Read Quran quietly or chant Allah s Names listen to the sermon with all your heart Join the Imam in the Jumuah prayer which is of two Rakah Prayer four Rakah as the voluntary prayer after the Jumuah prayer Increasing your prayers upon the Prophet on Fridays

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

Fasting and its Benefits Allah the Exalted said: O you who believes! Fasting is prescribed for you, even as it was prescribed for those before you, that you may attain piety. (2:183) According to the Prophet, fasting is an act of worship that involves a lot of benefits such as: It relieves the digestive system of continuous work and helps the body to get rid of the excess materials and strengthens the body. It has also a sort of healing power.

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

It helps the smokers to put a temporary end and to chain smoking or abandon smoking altogether It purifies the self and gives it good qualities such as excellence, discipline, obedience, patience etc. Fasting teaches the Muslims equality and brotherhood- the fasting brethren fast together and break their fast together.

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

Repentance from Major Sins My Muslim brothers and sisters! If you have committed a major sin of any kind, repent forthwith and ask Allah s forgiveness and do not wait until it is time to die because you would never repent when you are going to die

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

What are the conditions for Allah s Acceptance of Repentance?

Purity of intention: that is, you should repent only for the sake and pleasure of Allah Feeling regretful about the committed sin Giving up that particular sin for ever

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

What are the conditions for Allah s Acceptance of Repentance?

True intention of not doing it again in future Asking Allah s forgiveness and pardon If the committed sin was concerning someone s right, it should be returned or forgiveness should be sought from him One should repent before it becomes too late and death presents itself to him. The prophet said: Allah accepts the repentance of His slave anytime before he breathers his last.

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

Love and Follow of the Prophet (S.M.) Allah the Exalted says: Say (o Muhammad to mankind): If you really love Allah then follow me and Allah will love you and forgive you your sins; and Allah is often Forgiving, Most Merciful. (3:31) And the Prophet said: None of you shall be perfect believer unless he loves me more than he loves his father, son and all people. (Bukhari and Muslim)

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

Nasihah (Sincere Advice) The dictionary meaning of nasihah is sincere advice , friendly admonition, and friendly reminder. Nasihah also known as munasahah is a Quranic concept which occurs in a number of places in the Holy Book.

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law

Consultation (Shura) It is one of the salient principles of government prescribed in the Quran. It requires the Head of State and government leaders to conduct community affairs through consultation with community members.

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law [Cont.]

Al- Asma al-Husna God has made Himself known to mankind by His Most Beautiful Names, al-Asma al-Husna which is all revealed in the Quran and it is through these that the believer must seek knowledge of God, His attributes and His creation.

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Meaning of Blasphemy It is traceable to the Greek blapto (to harm) and pheme (speech), simply meaning to defame or insult. According to Encyclopaedia of Religion and Ethics (II, 672) blasphemy in Islam is a very broad concept which comprises all utterances expressive of contempt of God, for His Names, attributes, laws, commands, and prohibitions etc.

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law [Cont.]

Meaning of Haqq The primary meanings of the word haqq in Arabic a re established fact, reality or truth . The world haqq occurs frequently in the Quran. It has six different meanings such as right, certainty of values, truth etc.

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law [Cont.]

Islamic Thought Islamic thought is a fresh and contemporary introduction to the philosophies and doctrines of Islam. It is an Islamic knowledge from Pre Islam to modern Islam.

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law [Cont.]

It is a science of fundamental principles: Science of divine unity Science of prophet hood Science of eschatology Science of sources of religious knowledge such as Quran, Sunnah, and Consensus as well as Arabic linguistic sciences

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law [Cont.]

How to bring up our Children? Allah says: O you who believe! Guard yourselves and your households against a Fire (66:6). The duty of bringing up the children is that of the parents, teachers, and the society. They will be responsible before Allah for educating the young generations. If they do well in this respect, they will please Allah and will be happy in this world and Hereafter. But if they prove negligent, they will be wretched and sinful in the Hereafter. The Prophet said: All of you are responsible and all will be questioned about their responsibilities.

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law [Cont.]

Teaching Prayers Teach your children how to perform prayer so that they may observe it when they grow. The Prophet commended us: Teach your children prayers at seven and beat them at ten (when they do not perform it). And keep them (i.e. boys and girls) apart in their beds. (Ahmad)

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law [Cont.]

The sons should be taught to attend the Friday prayer which is the Muslim weekly congregational prayer. It is a kind of conference. Children must be kindly guided to be cautious and not to say or use anything that is unlawful or blasphemous. Children should be strictly warned against smoking and should be understood that it is the cause of cancers

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law [Cont.]

Significance of Veiling Daughters need special care from the beginning in making them used to putting on well covering dresses that do not disclose their beauty or private parts.

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law [Cont.]

Morals and Manners Children should be taught to use their right hands for eating, drinking giving, taking, writing and serving a guest etc. The left hand can be reserved for toilet only. The best pose for drinking is sitting. Praise is to Allah must be said when we finish eating or drinking

Discuss the Concept & General Ideas of Islamic Law [Cont.]

We must advise the children in a friendly way and should not declare their mistakes and shortcomings If they insist on doing something, we can abandon talking to them for not more than three days Advise your children to respect the neighbours and not to offend them Teach your sons to receive the guests hospitably and honourably

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Don't tell lies to your parents and do not blame them for something they have already done As soon as you grow capable of earning livelihood, work and help your parents Visit your parents while they are alive as well as dead and give in charity to the poor on their behalf and supplicate for them as follows:

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Causes of Victory Fear Allah Abandon Sins Seek help only from Allah etc.

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Avoid Major sins The greatest sins are: associating partners with Allah murder, dutifulness to parents and false testimony/Hadd /murder/adultery etc.