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ISSUE 1.0
Review
This
lecture
introduces
the
various
stages
involved in optimizing a 3G radio network and focuses mainly on the RF Optimization phase.
Step-by-step approach for the analysis of drive survey data collected by Agilent Scanner and test UE is presented. The analysis is carried out using the post processing tool Actix Analyzer.
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Review
RF optimization will be an ongoing activity and will need to be revisited as traffic increases in the network and as new sites are deployed.
In
addition,
as
the
network
matures,
the
optimization process should be enhanced to take into account statistical data and key performance indicators collected throughout the network.
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Course Contents
Chapter 1 Optimization Phases Chapter 2 RF Optimization Chapter 3 RF Analysis Approaches Chapter 4 Antenna Adjustment Example Chapter 5 Drop Call Analysis Example
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Objectives
To ensure there are no faults related to site installation or parameter settings.
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RF Optimization
Once all the sites in a given area are integrated and verified, RF (or Cluster) optimization could begin.
Objectives
To optimize coverage while at the same time keeping interference and pilot pollution under control over the target area. This phase also includes the verification and optimization of the 3G neighbor lists.
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Objectives
To assess the performance and identify any need for specific parameter optimization.
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Objectives
To identify any new issues that could arise, for example, as a result of increase in traffic or changes in the environment.
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Course Contents
Chapter 1 Optimization Phases Chapter 2 RF Optimization Chapter 3 RF Analysis Approaches Chapter 4 Antenna Adjustment Example Chapter 5 Drop Call Analysis Example
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RF Optimization - Preparation
Clutters
RF optimization should be carried out for groups or clusters of sites rather than on single site basis.
Drive Routes
Cluster drive surveys should include the coverage areas of each cell and all the major roads and streets as well as any other important locations.
Tools
Agilent scanner Qualcomm UE in continuous AMR call Actix Analyzer
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RF Optimization - Targets
Item
CPICH RSCP CPICH Ec/Io Active Set size (estimated)
Requirements
Target Minimum Target Minimum Target Max % - 85 dBm -95 dBm -8 dB - 14 dB 3 < 10 % 8 dB <15 dBm >95 %
Comments
Corresponds to outdoor measurements. Applicable for unloaded network. Based on scanner data. % of time a cell is seen as a pilot polluter. Relative to best server when cell is not in Active Set. Assuming 21 dBm max. For e1a, e1b & e1c
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RF Optimization - Solutions
Antenna tilt Antenna azimuth Antenna location Antenna height Antenna type Site location New site
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Course Contents
Chapter 1 Optimization Phases Chapter 2 RF Optimization Chapter 3 RF Analysis Approaches Chapter 4 Antenna Adjustment Example Chapter 5 Drop Call Analysis Example
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Areas of non-dominance:
Areas where there is not a single clear dominant cell and where the best server changes too frequently. Result: Excessive number of soft hand off events reducing the system efficiency and increasing the probability of call drops.
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Examine the RSCP coverage on per cell bases in order to highlight any cells that have too large a footprint.
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The -8 dB threshold takes into account the expected future interference increase as a result of increased traffic.
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-14 -15 -16 -104 -17 -18 -19 -20 Ec/Io RSCP -15.5
Because the RSCP Level is POOR, the fundamental cause of low Ec/Io is POOR COVERAGE
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-63 -15.5
RSCP
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Cells which are frequently seen as polluters (e.g. >8% time) should be marked and investigated.
Pilot Pollution results should be used in conjunction with the Estimated Active Set Size
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-60 -65 RSCP (dBm) -70 -75 -80 -85 -90 SC1 SC2 SC3 SC4 SC5 SC6 N t Pil t P lluti n
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Margin
-62
-64
-66
-68
-69 -81
A tive Set
Pil t P lluti n
Should be investigated
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Careful consideration is needed prior to removing neighbours since the Actix results are drive route dependent.
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SC
009
Cell
70548
Site
Ajman Central
Latitude
25.41204
Longitude
55.447
%
14.2% 8.0% 5.4% 3.5% 3.1% 3.0% 3.0% 2.1% 1.0% 0.9% 0.3% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0% 0.0%
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UE SHO Performance
The success rates for event 1a, 1b & 1c and can be obtained from Actix
Number f ti e et tes
Event unt Event - e 328 Event - e 306 Event c - e 64
Number f
tive et
te
mpletes
ft-
ndover uccess
te
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Call Drop
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Ec/Io (and RSCP) degrades for UE ONLY while scanner shows no degradation
UE camp on new cell immediately after drop, and UE did not measure this cell before Drop
Call Drop
Check the Neighbor
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Call Drop
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Course Contents
Chapter 4 Antenna Adjustment Example Chapter 5 Drop Call Anal sis Example
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RSCP Distribution
20.31% 5.47%
30.27% 31.04%
20.00%
0.02%
-9 5 -9
5t
-85 -8
5t
-75 -7
5t
-65
>
-65
ef e A j st e t
Afte A j st e t
18.65%
37.48%
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Course Contents
Chapter 4 Antenna Adjustment Example Chapter 5 Drop Call Anal sis Example
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There are total 5 drop calls in the plot. The example of drop call 1 is analyzed to show the process of analysis in the following.
Drop call 1 occurred at an area of frequent change of best server as shown by the scanner scrambling code plot
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Compare Ec/Io from both scanner and UE at the time of the drop as shown in Figure. This clearly shows the UE Ec/Io to drop to < -21 dB while the scanner remained above -11 dB.
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Comparing the best servers from the UE and the scanner at the time of drop:
Drop Call 1 (UE vs. scanner best server) shows that for the scanner and UE SC008 is the best server prior to the drop. However, about 30 seconds before the drop, the scanner selected SC018 as the best server while the UE continued to have only SC009 in its active set resulting in the drop call. Immediately after the drop, the UE camps on SC018.
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UE Active Set and Monitor Set Before and After the Call Drop
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Conclusion
Examining the UE Active and Monitored set, Figure does not show SC018 to be measured by the UE prior to the drop. This scenario resembles a missing neighbor problem
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Solution:
Looking at drop call Figure clearly shows that at the location of the drop, SC018 should not be the best server. Cell SC018 clearly requires some down tilting to control its interference into the area of Drop 1. To illustrate this, RSCP coverage of SC018 shows clearly that the cells is extending into a large area. E.g. around the location of drop call, SC018 RSCP is > -75dBm. Add the Missing Neighbors
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