Non-Communicable Diseases CANCER

By group-3 Hina dayal Ajay dubey Protip sinha Rupali chopra Pryanka sanga

Introduction

Definition Cancer is a group of diseases characterized by

Abnormal cell growth Invasion into adjacent tissues and organs Eventual death of patient at later stages

CAUSES
ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS

GENETIC FACTOR

Tobacco Alcohol Dietary factors Occupational Exposures Viruses Customs, Habits and

There is a probably a complex interrelationship between hereditary susceptibility and environmental carcinogenic stimuli in causation of cancer

Lifestyles

Problem Statement In India

According to data provided by National Cancer Registry Programme of ICMR: There are 2 to 2.5 million cases of cancer in India at any given point of time

Around 7 to 9 lakh new cases detected each year Half of the each cases died each year

Type of Cancer
Lung Cancer - According to WHO reports between 1960 & 1980 the death rate due to lung cancer increased by 76% in men and by 135% in women, at present lung cancer is the most common cancer in the world, with 51% of cases occurring in developed countries,75% occurring in men. In India one-third of all the men are addicted to tobacco smoking before reaching the age of 20 years. Lung cancer accounts for 6.8% of all malignancies in India.

Contd.
Cervical Cancer: Second most common cancer among women world wide and most common in developing countries with 80% cases in India. Breast Cancer: Most common cause of deaths in developed countries and is becoming frequent in developing countries like India. Oral Cancer: Oral cancers are major problem in India and account for 50 to 70% of all cancers diagnosed.

Cancer Control

The basic approach to the control of cancer is through primary and secondary prevention. It is estimated that at least one-third of all cancers are preventable.

PRIMARY PREVENTION: Control of tobacco and alcohol consumption Personal hygiene Radiation Occupational exposures Immunization Air Pollution Legislations Cancer Education

Contd

SECONDARY PREVENTION

Cancer Registration 1)Hospital Based Registries 2)Population Based Registries 3) Early Detection Of Cases Treatment 1)

National Cancer Control Programme 1975 -76

Objectives:

Primary prevention of cancers by health education Secondary prevention in early detection and diagnosis

of common cancer

Tertiary prevention in comprehensive therapy

SCHEMES
Regional cancer center scheme Oncology wing development scheme District Cancer control programme Decentralized NGO scheme IEC activities at central level Research and training

Tobacco Control Legislation :- cigarettes and other tobacco product act 2003