Storage System

Section 1

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Section Objectives
Upon completion of this section, you will be able to: Describe the challenges in information storage and management Describe the core elements in a data center Describe RAID and its various levels Describe features of intelligent disk storage systems

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Introduction to Information Storage and Management - 2

Introduction to Information Storage and Management

Chapter 1

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Why Information Storage

Digital universe The Information Explosion
21st Century is information era Information is being created at ever increasing rate Information has become critical for success

We live in an on-command, on-demand world

Example: Social networking sites, e-mails, video and photo sharing website, online shopping, search engines etc

Information management is a big challenge

Organization seek to Store information optimally Protect Optimize Leverage the

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Introduction to Information Storage and Management - 4

Chapter Objectives
Upon completion of this chapter, you will be able to: Describe who is creating data and the amount of data being created Describe the value of data to business Describe storage technology and architecture evolution List and explain the core elements of data center Describe the ILM strategy

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Introduction to Information Storage and Management - 5

Lesson: Information Storage

Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: Describe the importance of information to individuals and to businesses Define data and information Discuss the categories of data Describe the storage architectures and their evolution

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Introduction to Information Storage and Management - 6

What is Data
Collection of raw facts from which conclusions may be drawn

Most data is being converted into a digital format

Driven by user demand Facilitated by
Increase in data processing capabilities
New and cheaper peripherals

Video

01010101010
Photo

10101011010 00010101011 01010101010

Lower cost and increased speed of storage Affordable and faster networks
Book

10101010101 01010101010

Who creates data?

Individuals Businesses
2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Introduction to Information Storage and Management - 7 Letter Digital Data

Categories of Data
Data can be categorized as either structured or unstructured data
Structured:
Data Bases Spread Sheets

Unstructured
Forms Images Audio Movies

E-Mail Attachments X-Rays

PDFs

Check

Unstructured (80%)
Instant Messages Documents

Manuals Images

Over 80% of enterprise Information is unstructured

Forms

Web Pages Rich Media Invoices Audio Video

Contracts

Structured (20%)
Rows and Columns
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Define Information
What do individuals/businesses do with the data they collect?
They turn it into information

Information is the intelligence and knowledge derived from data

Centralized information storage and processing Network Network

Wired

Wireless

Wireless

Wired

Uploading information

Accessing information

Businesses analyze raw data in order to identify meaningful trends

For example:
Buying habits and patterns of customers Health history of patients
Creators of information

Users of Information

Virtuous cycle of information

Information begets information

Demand for more Information

Virtuous cycle of information

Introduction to Information Storage and Management - 9

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Value of Information to a Business

Creating a competitive advantage
Identifying new business opportunities Buying/spending patterns
Internet stores, retail stores, supermarkets

Customer satisfaction/service
Tracking shipments, and deliveries

Identifying patterns that lead to changes in existing business Reduced cost

Just-in-time inventory, eliminating over-stocking of products, optimizing shipment and delivery

New services
Security alerts for stolen credit card purchases

Targeted marketing campaigns

Communicate to bank customers with high account balances about a special savings plan

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Introduction to Information Storage and Management - 10

Storage
Data created by individuals/businesses must be stored for further processing Type of storage used is based on the type of data and the rate at which it is created and used Examples:
Individuals: Digital camera, Cell phone, DVDs, Hard disk Businesses: Hard disk, external disk arrays, tape library

Storage model: An evolution

Centralized: mainframe computers Decentralized: Client server model (Data spread across many servers) Centralized: Storage Networking (Hugh respositories)
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Storage Technology and Architecture Evolution

LAN

FC SAN

Multi Protocol Router

IP SAN RAID Array SAN / NAS

JBOD Internal DAS Time

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Lesson Summary
Key points covered in this lesson: Importance of information

Data, information and storage

Categories of data Storage architectures and their evolution

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Introduction to Information Storage and Management - 13

Lesson: Data Center Infrastructure and Introduction to ILM

Upon completion of this lesson, you will be able to: List the five core elements of a data center infrastructure

Describe the requirements of storage systems for optimally supporting business activities
Explain the importance of Information Lifecycle Management List the activities in developing the ILM strategy

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Introduction to Information Storage and Management - 14

The Core Elements

Applications Databases Database Management System (DBMS) and the physical and logical storage of data Servers/Operating systems Networks (LAN and SAN) Storage arrays

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Data Center Infrastructure - 15

Example of a Data Center Infrastructure

Server Client
Local Area Network

Storage Area Network

Storage Array

Application User Interface

OS and DBMS

Database

Consider an order processing system consisting of:

Application for order entry

Database Management System (DBMS) to store customer and product information Server/Operating System (OS) on which the application and database programs are run Networks that provide
Connectivity between Clients and the Application/Database Server (LAN) Connectivity between the Server and the Storage system (SAN)

Storage Array database is stored on physical disks in the storage array

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An Example - Closer Look

Server Client
Local Area Network

Storage Area Network

Storage Array

Application User Interface

OS and DBMS

Database

A customer order is entered via the Application User Interface on a client

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Data Center Infrastructure - 17

An Example - Closer Look (continued)

Server Client
Local Area Network

Storage Array
Storage Area Network

OS and DBMS

Database

A customer order is entered via the Application User Interface on a client The client accesses the server over a Local Area Network

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Data Center Infrastructure - 18

An Example - Closer Look (continued)

Server Client
Local Area Network

Storage Array
Storage Area Network

O/S and DBMS

Database

A DBMS uses the operating system on the server to read and write this data to the physical location on a disk

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Data Center Infrastructure - 19

An Example - Closer Look (continued)

Server Client
Local Area Network

Storage Array
Storage Area Network

O/S and DBMS

Database

A DBMS uses the operating system on the server to read and write this data to the physical location on disk A dedicated Storage Area Network provides the communication link between the server and the storage array, and transports the read/write commands and data between the server and the storage array

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Data Center Infrastructure - 20

An Example - Closer Look (continued)

Server Client
Local Area Network

Storage Array
Storage Area Network

Database

A DBMS uses the operating system on the server to read and write this data to the physical location on disk A Network provides the communication link between the client and the server, and transports the read/write commands and data between the server and the storage array A storage array receives the read/write commands and data from the server and performs the necessary operations to store the data on the physical disks
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Optimal Order Processing Example

The application should be optimized for fast interaction with the DBMS The tables in the database should be constructed with care so the number of read/write operations can be minimized The server should have sufficient CPU and memory resources to satisfy application and DBMS needs The different networks should provide fast communication between client and server, as well as server and storage array The storage array should service the read/write requests from the server for optimal performance
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Final Look at Data Access - Example

When the DBMS receives a request from the application: It first searches the server memory; if data is found there, the operation takes about a millisecond If not, it uses the operating system to request the data from the storage array

Dedicated high speed networks transport this request to the storage array
Intelligent storage arrays can deliver the requested data within a few milliseconds, and are typically configured to protect data in the event of drive failures
2009 EMC Corporation. All rights reserved. Data Center Infrastructure - 23

Key Requirements for Data Center Elements

Availability Data Integrity Security

Manageability

Performance Scalability

Capacity

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Introduction to Information Storage and Management - 24

Challenges in Managing Information

Exploding digital universe
Multifold increase of information growth

Increasing dependency on information

The strategic use of information plays

Changing value of information

Information that is valuable today may become less important tomorrow.

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Introduction to Information Storage and Management - 25

Some Constraints to Meeting the Requirements

Constraints include: Cost

Physical environment
Maintenance and support Compliance regulatory and legal Hardware and software infrastructure Interoperability and compatibility

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Data Center Infrastructure - 26

Management Activities
Data Center management activities include: Provisioning/Capacity/Resource Planning

Monitoring
Reporting

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Data Center Infrastructure - 27

Information Lifecycle Management

Protect

New order Value

Process order

Deliver order

Warranty claim

Time

Fulfilled order

Aged data

Warranty Voided

Create

Access

Migrate

Archive

Dispose

A proactive strategy that enables an IT organization to effectively manage the data throughout its lifecycle
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Information Lifecycle Management Process

Policy-based Alignment of Storage Infrastructure with Data Value

AUTOMATED
Classify data / applications based on business rules
Implement policies with information management tools Integrated management of storage environment Organize storage resources to align with data classes

FLEXIBLE

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Introduction to Information Storage and Management - 29

Benefits of Implementing ILM

Improved utilization
Tiered storage platforms

Simplified management
Processes, tools and automation

Simplified backup and recovery

A wider range of options to balance the need for business continuity

Maintaining compliance
Knowledge of what data needs to be protected for what length of time

Lower Total Cost of Ownership

By aligning the infrastructure and management costs with information value

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Introduction to Information Storage and Management - 30

Lesson Summary
Key points covered in this lesson: The five core elements of a Data Center infrastructure

Key requirements of storage systems to support business activities, as well as some of the constraints
ILM strategy
Importance Characteristics Activities in developing ILM strategy IML implementation Benefits of ILM

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Introduction to Information Storage and Management - 31

Chapter Summary
Key points covered in this Chapter: Importance of data, information, and storage infrastructure Types of data, its value, and key management requirements of a storage system

Evolution of storage architectures

Core elements of a data center Importance of the ILM strategy

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Introduction to Information Storage and Management - 32

ILM Video

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Introduction to Information Storage and Management - 33