Table of contents

Introduction

to computer graphics. Types of Computer Graphics. Difference B/W Active And Passive Graphics. Application Of Computer Graphics. Input devices & output devices. Different types of Graphics s/w.

Introduction To Computer Graphics

Refers

to creation, Storage and manipulation of pictures and drawing using a digital computer. Effective tool for presenting information. Computer aided design. Computer aided manufacturing.

Introduction To Computer Graphics

The

main branches of computer graphics are, 1. Generative CG. 2. Image Processing. 3. Image Analysis.

Types of computer graphics

Simple

or

Passive Computer Graphics

Interactive
active

or

computer graphics

Difference b/w Active and passive graphics

Passive Control
No Control

Active Control
Dynamic nature

Communication
One Way Communication

Communication
2-Way Communication

Interaction
No Interaction b/w User and H/W

Interaction
High bandwidth user interaction

Earlier supported Motion & Updation

No facility

Modern Applications Motion & Updation

2-D, 3-D Transformations

Applications of Computer Graphics

Computer

graphics finds application in diverse areas such as,

*Science *Engineering *Medicine *Business *Industry *art and entertainment * advertising *Education and Training.

Applications of Computer Graphics

User

Interface Interactive Plotting in Science Business and technology. Office Automation & E-Publishing.

Contd..
Process

Control Cartography Simulation, Animation for Scientific Visualization and Entertainment. Art and Commerce

COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN

Circuit

Drawings Real-time Animations Virtual-Reality Environments Architectural Drawings

COMPUTER AIDED DESIGN

Software: AutoCAD and 3D Studio Max

A Magic System

Software: AutoCAD and 3D Studio Max R2

Towards Virtual Manufacturing

EDUCATION AND TRAINING

Computer Graphics is almost used in every field to teach and train Medicine Human Anatomy Models Engineering Animated Models : Explaining the working of different models Fashion Designing Designing and Creating new Patterns

ENTERTAINMENT
Motion Pictures Music Videos Television Shows Games

Graphic system

Input devices
Keyboard Touch Panel Light pen Track ball Data Glove Digitizers Image Scanner Mouse Voice Systems

Graphic system
Key

board: It is a character input device used for entering strings onto graphical terminal. Cursor and function keys are control keys. Various types of keyboards are available ,which include wireless and remote keyboards.

IMAGE OF KEYBOARD

Graphic system
Touch

panel: very often users who are not computer literate find it difficult to handle computers standard input device , so touch panels are boon for such people. Example: touch screen androids, ATM so on

IMAGE OF TOUCH PANEL

Graphic system
Light

pen:

It is similar to normal pen in functions. Working of Light pen: The light pen consist of a very precise photocell sensor which can detect only a non-zero light intensity coming from a particular pixel of CRT screen. The pixel returns the value of the co-ordinates location when pen touches the screen.

IMAGE OF LIGHT PEN

Graphic system
Track-ball:

It acts similar to that of mouse and keyboard. It is another pointing device generally used in the industrial control, automation and monitoring systems. It is not handy as other device. It is activated by scrolling the balls as per the user wish.

IMAGE OF TRACK BALL

Graphic system
Data

glove: It looks like a normal glove. It contains a series of sensors that converts finger movements into digital signals which can be decoded by its device driver to reproduce the same movements graphically on a screen.

IMAGE OF DATA-GLOVE

Graphic system
Digitizers

and 2D/3D scanners: It is a specialized application device. It is used to convert a real 2D or 3D object to virtual or digital 2D or 3D object.

IMAGE OF DIGITIZER

Graphic system
Image

scanner: It is another useful and emerging input device. Here live images can be captured and saved in digital form using image scanners. Once images are captured we can manipulate the images such as cropping, rotating,watermarked etc.

IMAGE OF SCANNER

Graphic system
Voice

Systems: speech recognition s/w and h/w form an accessory to graphics terminals that support voice driven-menu and commands for their operation without using the keyboard. To make use of this necessary add-on peripherals as to be added such as microphone, sound card enabled machine.

IMAGE OF VOICE SYSTEM

Graphic system
Output

devices Video adapter/controller. Printer and plotters. Some of the graphic s/w used in practice are, Graphics kernel system(GKS). Programmers hierarchical interactive graphics system(PHIGS). DXF(Drawing interchange format) file format

Topics to be covered.
Output

primitives. Representing Images. Point. Line. DDA line drawing algorithm. Bresenham line drawing algorithm. Bresenhams circle drawing algorithm.