OPERATING SYSTEM (OS)

Data Processing

What is an Operating System?

Software that controls the overall operation of the computer. Consisting of programs and data, that runs on computers, manages computer hardware resources, and provides common services for execution of various application software.

Software
Software

Application

System

Utility

Operating System

Software
Application software: Programs for performing a specific task Eg: Word processing, spreadsheets, gaming System software: 1. Operating System 2.Utility software : Software that extends or customizes the capabilities of the operating system Eg : Formatting Compress/decompress data Network communications

Operating System Software

Operating systems are found on almost any device that
contains a computerfrom cellular phones and video game consoles to supercomputers and web servers. Examples :
Microsoft Windows

Linux
Mac OS Android

Operating System Software

Users View

Systems View

The functions of an operating system

Manages and Interacts with Computer Hardware

Provides and Manages System Security

Provides the System Interface Provides the Interface for Application Software

Types of Operating System

Real-Time OS
Aims at executing real-time applications.
# Eg: Transaction Processing Facility developed by American Airlines and IBM # Windows CE is a real-time operating system

Multi-user vs. Single-user

A multi-user operating system allows multiple users to access a computer system concurrently. Eg : Windows Server 2008, NT, 2000 Redhat Linux ,Sun Unix. A single-user operating systems, used by a single user at a time.

Types of Operating System

Distributed OS
A distributed operating system manages a group of independent computers and makes them appear to be a single computer. When computers in a group work in cooperation, they make a distributed system.

Data Processing

Windows
A series of operating systems produced by Microsoft. As an add-on to MS-DOS in response to the

growing interest in graphical user interfaces

(GUIs).

Windows had approximately 90% of the market

share of the client operating systems.

 It was originally going to be called "Interface Manager" but Rowland Hanson, the head of marketing at Microsoft, convinced the

company that the name Windows would be more appealing to consumers.

 The first version of Microsoft Windows included

a simple graphics painting program called Windows Paint;
Windows Write, a simple word processor; (Now WordPad) an appointment "calendar"; a "notepad";

a "clock";
a "control panel";

a "computer terminal.

Windows An Overview
Initial Release Programming Language November 20,1985 C,C++,Assembly Language

OS Family

Windows 9x Windows CE Windows NT

Windows 7 Windows 2008 R2 Windows Phone 7

Recent Client Version Recent Server Version Recent Mobile Version

Windows - Timeline
November 1985 November 1987 May 1988 March 1989 Windows 1.01 Windows 2.03 Windows 2.10 Windows 2.11

May 1990 March 1992 October 1992 July 1993 January 1994 September 1994 May 1995 August 1995

Windows 3 Windows 3.1x Windows for workgroups 3.1 Windows NT 3.1 Windows 3.2 Windows NT 3.5 Windows NT 3.51 Windows 95

Windows - Timeline
July 1996 June 1998 May 1999 February 2000 September 2000 October 2001 March 2003 April 2003 April 2005 January 2007 July 2007 Windows NT 4.0 Windows 98 Windows 98 SE Windows 2000 Windows ME Windows XP Windows XP 64 bit Edition Windows Server 2003 Windows XP Professional x64 Windows Vista Windows Home Server

February 2008 October 2009

April 2011

Windows Server 2008 Windows 7 & Windows Server 2008 R2

Windows Home Server 2011

Usage share of Windows operating systems as on August 2011

All Version 92.89%

Windows 7
Windows XP Windows Vista Windows 2000

30.6%
52.46% 9.4% 0.18%

Windows NT 4.0
Windows 98 Windows ME Windows 95

0.18%
0.05% 0.01% 0.01%