Political Party-List

Historical Background Constitutional Mandates Profiles of Leadership Organizational Structure Issues, Challenges, Trends and Concerns Programs, Projects, Agenda, Platforms Conclusions

History
Federal party is the first political party in 1900 Advocated peace and eventual statehood Later on, -DEMOCRATIC , NATIONALIST PARTY since the Nationalists retained exclusive control and the Democrats functioned as a "loyal opposition. They did not produce an actual two-party system However, when the time of Japanese occupation and the granting of independence, the two-party system developed between the Liberal Party (LP) and the NP. The Progressive Party, formed in 1957 by adherents of Ramon Magsaysay, polled more than one million votes in the presidential election of 1958. The Marcos government's New Society Movement (Kilusan Bagong Lipunan- KBL) won that election and the 1980 and 1982 balloting for local officials, amid charges of electoral fraud and attempts by opposition groups to boycott the voting.

 People's Power Movement-Fight (Lakas Ng Bayan- Laban), was the principal opposition that led by Benigno S. Aquino, Jr., until his assassination in 1983. In 1982, the party joined with 11 other opposition parties to form a coalition known as the United Nationalist Democratic Organization (UNIDO). Following Aquino's murder, some 50 opposition groups, including the members of UNIDO coalition, coordinate their anti-Marcos efforts. This coalition of opposition parties enabled Corazon Aquino to campaign against Marcos in 1986. In September 1986, the revolutionary left formed a legal political party to contest congressional elections. The Partido ng Bayan (Party of the Nation) allied with other left-leaning groups in an Alliance for New Politics. unsuccessful attempt for electoral representation resulted in a return to guerrilla warfare on the part of the Communists. After assuming the presidency, Aquino formally organized the People's Power Movement (Lakas Ng Bayan)

 In the congressional elections of May 1987, Aquino's popularity gave her party a sweep in the polls, making it the major party in the country and Marcos's KBL was reduced to a minor party. Some of its members formed their own splinter groups. Such as: Grand Alliance for Democracy (GAD), a coalition of parties seeking distance from Marcos. Others revived the LP and the NP, seeking renewed leadership. The left-wing People's Party (Partido Ng Bayan), which supports the political objectives of the NPA, was a minor party in the elections. In May 1989, Juan Ponce Enrile reestablished the Nacionalista Party. In 1991, a new opposition party, the Filipino Party (Partido Pilipino), organized as a vehicle for Aquino's estranged cousin Eduardo "Danding" Cojuangco's presidential campaign June 30 1992, Fidel Ramos succeeded Corazon Aquino as president of the Philippines with a plurality of 23.6% In September 1992, he signed the Anti-Subversion Law signaling a peaceful resolution to more than 20 years of Communist insurgency, with the repeal of the antisubversion legislation in place since 1957.

 Aug 26 1994, he also announced a new political coalition that would produce the most powerful political group in the Philippines, such as Lakas-National Union of Christian Democrats (Lakas/NUCD) teamed with the Democratic Filipino Struggle (Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino, Laban). In 1995 elections, the LDP controlled the Senate. In 1998 elections, the political landscape changed once more. In the Senate, Joseph Estrada, presidential candidate created Laban Ng Masang Pilipino. In 2002 new political parties created with leaders such as:

Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (New Society Movement), led by Imelda Marcos Laban Ng Demokratikong Pilipino (Struggle of Filipino Democrats) or LDP, led by Eduardo Angara Lakas, led by Jose De Venecia and so on.

Constitutional Mandates
Sec. 5. Registration. - Any organized group of persons may register as a party, organization or coalition for purposes of the party-list system by filing with the COMELEC not later than ninety (90) days before the election a petition verified by its president or secretary stating its desire to participate in the party-list system as a national, regional or sectoral party or organization or a coalition of such parties or organizations, attaching thereto its constitution, by-laws, platform or program of government, list of officers, coalition agreement and other relevant information as the COMELEC may require: provided, that the sectors shall include labor, peasant, fisher folk, urban poor, indigenous cultural communities, elderly, handicapped, women, youth, veterans, overseas workers, and professionals.

 Sec. 6. Removal and/or Cancellation of Registration. - The COMELEC may motu proprio or upon verified complaint of any interested party, remove or cancel, after due notice and hearing, the registration on any of the following grounds: -It is a religious sect or denomination, organization or association organized for religious purposes; -It advocates violence or unlawful means to seek its goal; -It is a foreign party or organization; -It is receiving support from any foreign government, foreign political party, foundation, organization, whether directly or through any of its officers or members or indirectly through third parties for partisan election purposes; -It violates or fails to comply with laws, rules or regulations relating to elections; -It declares untruthful statements in its petition; -It has ceased to exist for at least one (1) year; or -It fails to participate in the last two (2) preceding elections or fails to obtain at least two percent (2%) of the votes cast under the party-list system in the two (2) preceding elections for the constituency in which it has registered.

 Sec. 7. Certified List of Registered Parties. - The COMELEC shall, not later than sixty (60) days before election, prepare a certified list which have applied or who have manifested their desire to participate under the party-list system and distribute copies thereof to all precincts for posting in the polling places on election day. The names of the party-list nominees shall not be shown on the certified list. Sec. 8. Nominations of Party-List Representatives. - Each registered party, shall submit to the COMELEC not later than forty-four (45) [sic] days before the election a list of names, not less than five (5) from which party-list representatives shall be chosen in case it obtains the required number of votes. Sec. 9. Qualification of Party-List Nominees. - No person shall be nominated as party-list representative unless he is a natural born citizen of the Philippines, a registered voter, a resident of the Philippines for a period of not less than one (1) year immediately preceding the day of the election, able to read and write, bona fide member of the party or organization which he seeks to represent for at least ninety (90) days preceding the day of the election, and is at least twenty-five (25) years of age on the day of the election.
In case of a nominee of the youth sector, he must at least be twenty-five (25) but not more than thirty (30) years of age on the day of the election. Any youth sectoral representative who attains the age of thirty during his term shall be allowed to continue until the expiration of his term.

Political Parties

Liberal Party
-founded on January 19, 1946 by Manuel Roxas. It is also formed from what was once the Liberal Wing of the old Nacionalista Party.

OUR MISSION
We will start to make these changes first in ourselves---by doing the right things, by giving value to excellence and integrity and rejecting mediocrity and dishonesty, and by giving priority to others over ourselves. We will make these changes across many aspects of our national life.

VISION
We, the Liberal Party, envision a just, prosperous, peaceful and caring civil society anchored on social equity, a vigorous market economy, political openness, ecological balance and an honest, effective government. We are a responsive, accountable and broad-based political party, unleashing the potential of an empowered citizenry through the Partys Liberal Democratic Ideals, cohesive membership and courageous, principled leadership.

Programs, Projects, Agenda, Platforms

1.From a President who tolerates corruption to a President who is the nations first and most determined fighter of corruption; 2.From a government that merely conjures economic growth statistics that our people know to be unreal to a government that prioritizes jobs that empower the people and provide them with opportunities to rise above poverty

3.From relegating education to just one of many concerns to making education the central strategy for investing in our people, reducing poverty and building national competitiveness 4.From treating health as just another area for political patronage to recognizing the advancement and protection of public health, which includes responsible parenthood, as key measures of good governance 5.From justice that money and connections can buy to a truly impartial system of institutions that deliver equal justice to rich or poor

ECONOMY
6.From government policies influenced by well-connected private interests to a leadership that executes all the laws of the land with impartiality and decisiveness 7.From treating the rural economy as just a source of problems to recognizing farms and rural enterprises as vital to achieving food security and more equitable economic growth, worthy of re-investment for sustained productivity 8.From government anti-poverty programs that instill a dole-out mentality to well-considered programs that build capacity and create opportunity among the poor and the marginalized in the country 9.From a government that dampens private initiative and enterprise to a government that creates conditions conducive to the growth and competitiveness of private businesses, big, medium and small 10.From a government that treats its people as an export commodity and a means to earn foreign exchange, disregarding the social cost to Filipino families to a government that creates jobs at home, so that working abroad will be a choice rather than a necessity; and when its citizens do choose to become OFWs, their welfare and protection will still be the governments priority

GOVERNMENT SERVICE
11.From Presidential appointees chosen mainly out of political accommodation to discerning selection based on integrity, competence and performance in serving the public good 12.From demoralized but dedicated civil servants, military and police personnel destined for failure and frustration due to inadequate operational support to professional, motivated and energized bureaucracies with adequate means to perform their public service missions

GENDER EQUALITY
13.From a lack of concern for gender disparities and shortfalls to the promotion of equal gender opportunity in all spheres of public policies and programsPEACE &

ORDER

14.From a disjointed, short-sighted Mindanao policy that merely to one that seeks a broadly-supported just peace and will redress decades of neglect reacts to events and incidents of the Moro and other peoples of MindanaoENVIRONMENT 15.From allowing environmental blight to spoil our cities, where both the rich and the poor bear with congestion and urban decay to planning alternative, inclusive urban developments where people of varying income levels are integrated in productive, healthy and safe communities 16.From a government obsessed with exploiting the country for immediate gains to the detriment of its environment to a government that will encourage sustainable use of resources

Benigno Simeon Cojuangco Aquino III

Also known as Noynoy Aquino or Pnoy was born on February 8, 1960 in Manila. He is the 3rd of the five children of Benigno Aquino, Jr. and Corazon Aquino. He attended Ateneo de Manila University for his elementary to college education and he graduated in 1981 with a Bachelors degree in Economics. He returned to the Philippines in 1983 after the assassination of his father and held several positions working in a private sector. Following the death of his mother many people began calling him to run for president. On June 9, 2010 the Congress of the Philippines proclaimed Aquino as a 15th and current President of the Philippines

Manuel "Mar" Araneta Roxas II

He was born on May 13, 1957 in Manila to Judy Araneta of Negros Occidental and Gerardo Roxas of Capiz. He has two siblings. Roxas attended Ateneo de Manila University for grade school and high school, then attended the Wharton School of Economics at the University of Pennsylvania, earning a degree in economics in 1979. After graduation he worked for seven years as an investment banker in New York and became an assistant vice president of New York-based Allen & Company

Lakas-Kabalikat ng Malayang Pilipino-Christian Muslim Democrats (Lakas Kampi CMD)

-is a centrist political party in the Philippines and the current minority party in the country. It is heavily influenced by Christian and Islamic democracy and by populism. The party's influence is very evident, especially after the People Power Revolution

Mission

Vision
The Lakas-Kampi-CMD envisions a thriving and dynamic Philippine society that is able to lift its people from deprivation, support the freedoms and responsibilities of a democratic social order, provide the opportunities for advancement in the social ladder, and offer the joys of living in secure, pleasant communities where poverty is minimized if not totally eradicated, conflicts are resolved peacefully, the national culture and heritage is continually enriched and the government is an effective enabler of the human capacities and basic services.

Programs, Projects, Agenda, Platforms

A Centrist-Humanist Agenda, which recognizes the family as the basic unit of society; Service as the Essence of Leadership Character and Integrity Transparency and Accountability as a Means to Building Public Trust People Empowerment as the basic requirement in the advancement of Democracy, which recognizes the power of the ballot as a way for the people to make informed and responsive decisions Social Market Economy as the Key Strategy Towards Sustainable Development

Maria Gloria Macapagal-Arroyo

Born on April 5, 1947 to Diosdado Macapagal and Evangelina Macaraeg-Macapagal. She is the sister of Dr. Diosdado "Boboy" Macapagal, Jr. and Cielo MacapagalSalgado. At the age of four, she chose to live with her grandmother in Iligan City. She stayed there for three years, then split her time between Mindanao and Manila until the age of 11. In 1961, when her father elected as president. They moved in Malacaang Palace. She graduated at Assumption Convent for her elementary and high school education as valedictorian. Then she studied for two years at Georgetown Universitys Walsh School of Foreign Service in Washington D.C. where she was a classmate of future United States President Bill Clinton and achieved consistent Dean's list status. She earned her Bachelor of Arts degree in Economics from Assumption College, graduating magna cum laude in 1968. After she got married and they had three children she pursued a Master's Degree in Economics at the Ateneo de Manila University(1978) and a Doctorate Degree in Economics at UP(1985). From 1977 to 1987, she held teaching positions in several schools, notably the University of the Philippines and the Ateneo de Manila University. She became chairperson of the Economics Department at Assumption College. She served as the 14th President of the Philippines and 12th Vice President of the Philippines

Nationalist Peoples Coalition (NPC)

-founded in 1991 after some members of the Nacionalista Party led by then Rizal Governor Isidro Rodriguez bolted from the Nacionalista Party after some disagreements with Nacionalista party leader

Mission
A political party does not touch upon and improve the lives of the people has no reason to exist.

Vision
The Nationalist Peoples Coalition (NPC), with its leaders and members united, shall establish a system of governance that improves the quality of life of all Filipinos by addressing poverty, spreading prosperity and ensuring social justice.

Eduardo Murphy Cojuangco, Jr.

also known as Danding Cojuangco who born on June 10, 1935. He is the eldest child of the late governor of Tarlac, Don Eduardo Chichioco Cojuangco and Doa Josephine "Nene" Murphy of Benguet, a former Miss Baguio titlist. Chairman of San Miguel Corporation, former Philippine ambassador and former governor of Tarlac. He studied at San Beda College, De La Salle University, UP Los Baos and California State College. He is married to Soledad Gretchen Oppen. They had four children.

Nacionalista Party (NP)

-is the oldest political party in the Philippines today and was responsible for leading the country throughout the majority of the 20th century since its founding in 1907. The party began as the country's vehicle for independence, through the building of a modern nation-state, and through the advocacy of efficient self rule, dominating the Philippine Assembly (19071916), the Philippine Legislature (19161935) and the pre-war years of the Commonwealth of the Philippines (19351941).

Programs, Projects, Agenda, Platforms

On agriculture and rural development
The development of our agricultural lands and providing livelihood opportunities shall raise the standard of living in the rural areas and increase manpower productivity. Food production should be geared towards food self sufficiency. Emphasis should be given to staple crops such rice and corn. We shall review the policy on trade liberalization in agriculture and provide support and safety nets in order to protect local producers and at the same time giving them access to global market. We will provide support to farmers in the form of appropriate agricultural inputs and post harvest facilities. We should open market opportunities for local products by providing for new roads and bridges to access and facilitate mobility

On agrarian reform
Basically the aim is to provide land to the landless tillers in recognition of the long years of diligent labor that farmers and farm workers have put in order to harness and in making the lands productive.

On the development of manufacturing and local industries The key to economic growth, aside from agriculture development, is the promotion of a viable manufacturing sector. The development of local industries should be supported by available subsidies and loans and technical support from government for them to grow and survive. On the rights of the working people Government should provide for a stimulus package to immediately address the need of laborers and employees for a just and decent wage. A reasonable, legislated wage hike shall be considered as an option alongside with the Regional Tripartite Wages and Productivity Boards in addressing the demands for wage hikes. Measures will be put in place to strengthen job security.

On basic social services We shall increase investments in human capital development through the improvement and expansion of free primary and secondary education, greater access to tertiary education, and the improvement of basic health services while developing a comprehensive health care system especially for the poor. Priority programs shall be focused on the most marginalized sectors of our society as they are also our biggest source of manpower and human resources for agriculture, industry and services.

 On the environment and disaster response We need to utilize the countrys natural resources for our peoples development in a sustainable manner. We shall resolutely address and solve the problem of large scale destruction of the environment and work for the preservation and regeneration of a healthy ecological balance. On good governance and public accountability The Government should ensure utmost protection of all whistleblowers exposing crimes of public officials. Cases of graft and corruption shall be exposed and prosecuted to the full extent of the law. Full recovery of the Marcos ill-gotten wealth will be pursued. On human rights and justice Justice and indemnification will be provided to the victims of human rights abuses under the martial law regime as well as under succeeding governments. On foreign relations and the Visiting Forces Agreement We need to promote and increase trade relations with our Asian neighbors in the spirit of equality and mutually beneficial accords. We should learn from each other the knowledge built around years of technology, research and development and marketing promotions.

Manuel "Manny" Bamba Villar, Jr.

Born on December 13, 1949 in Tondo. He was the 2nd of the nine children of Manuel Maning Montalban Villar, Sr. and Curita Curing Bamba.
Villar initially attended Isabelo delos Reyes Elementary School while he assisted his mother in selling shrimp and fish to help earn money to support his siblings and himself to school. However, accompanying his mother interferred his education and he was forced to drop out from school during Grade 1. Then he was enrolled at Tondo Parochial School (later renamed Holy Child Catholic School). Villar finished his high school at Mapua Institute of Technology in Intramuros. He attended UP-Diliman and graduated in 1970 with a Bachelors Degree of Business Administration. He returned to the same school in 1973 to study his masters degree in business administration

Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino (PMP)

-is a populist political party in the Philippines. Originally named the Partido ng Masang Pilipino, the Pwersa ng Masang Pilipino (PMP) emanated from an organization which was an offshoot of the Economic Recovery Action Program (ERAP) organized by Mr. George S. Antonio in May 1990.

 Our Mission further promote the interests of our organization and our members to the community. We strive to make a difference by educating the public and expanding our reach.

Joseph "Erap" Ejercito Estrada

He was born on April 19, 1937 in Tondo, He belonged to a upper middle class family and was the 8th of ten children of Emilio Ejercito and Maria Marcelo. He finished his primary studies at Ateneo de Manila University. He later took up an Engineering course at Mapua Institute of Technology in an effort to please his father but later dropped out. In his twenties, he began a career as a drama actor. He adopted the drama name "Joseph Estrada", as his mother objected to his chosen career and his decision to quit schooling. He also acquired the nickname "Erap" (a play on the Tagalog slang "pare", meaning buddy) from his rival Fernando Poe, Jr. Estrada is the first president to be a celebrity. He is also the first moustached president. He is married to (the former Doctor and first lady-turned-senator) Luisa Pimentel and had three children and five more children from his former-mistresses.

Laban ng Demokratikong Pilipino (LDP)

-founded in 1988. It was planned that the LDP would form the core of the main opposition coalition, the Koalisyon ng Nagkakaisang Pilipino (KNP).

Edgardo Javier Angara

Born on September 24, 1934 in

Baler, Aurora. He earned his Bachelor of Laws degree from the University of the Philippines in 1958. While in university, he joined the Sigma Rho Fraternity. Upon graduation, he was elected to the Pi Gamma Mu and Phi Kappa Phi international honor societies. He earned his LL.M. from the University of Michigan Law School in the United States in 1964.
He served as President of the

Senate of the Philippines from 19931995. He is currently serving his fourth term in the Senate which ends in 2013

Kilusang Bagong Lipunan (KBL)

-formerly the Kilusang Bagong Lipunan ng Nagkakaisang Nacionalista. It was formed in 1978, as an "umbrella" coalition of parties supporting President Ferdinand E. Marcos for the Interim Batasang Pambansa (National Assembly)

Imelda Remedios Visitacion Romualdez

born on July 2, 1929 in Manila to Vicente Orestes Lopez Romualdez, a law professor at St. Pauls College and Remedios T. Romualdez, the child of a friar. After her mother died in 1938, and their home was nearly foreclosed, her father moved his family back to Leyte to live on their abaca and coconut plantation given to him by his deceased mother, Trinidad Romualdez y Lopez. She earned a bachelor's degree in education in Tacloban's St. Paul's College. She became a beauty queen at the age of 18 was crowned the "Rose of Tacloban." She later became "Miss Leyte. During Philippine-American Friendship celebrations, a daughter of the prominent Price family of Tacloban was crowned "Miss America" while she was crowned "Miss Philippines. She took voice lessons at the music conservatory of the University of Santo Tomas with the help of Norberto's daughter, Loreto Romualdez Ramos and her friend, Mrs. Adoracion Reyes. Her photogenic face soon graced many of Manila's magazine covers and she was named the "Muse of Manila" by Manila Mayor, Arsenio Lacson, a special title given to her after she protested her loss in the Miss Manila pageant.

In 1953, Marcos met Ilocos Norte Congressman Ferdinand E. Marcos. They were married in May of that year at San Miguel Pro-Cathedral on General Solano street, San Miguel, Manila. This was the same church where her mother was wed and interred in 1938, fifteen years earlier. They have four children Between then and 1965, Marcos was constantly featured in many magazine covers. She travelled around the entire country to get to know each and every politician that could help her husband Ferdinand win the presidency one day. She learned how to sleep while sitting upright with her elaborate coiffure intact; she sang to the audiences; she was baptismal and wedding sponsor to all; she was the eyes and ears of her husband. Her determination was unbelievably boundless, even when most among the wives of the Senators looked down upon her. In December 1965, Ferdinand E. Marcos became the 10th Philippine President of the Philippines. She was featured in countless magazines locally as well as abroad. She was considered as the youngest and most beautiful first lady the Philippines had. Upon the ascension of her husband to political power, she held various positions to the government until 1986. She is the first politician elected as member of the Philippine legislature in three geographical locations (Manila, Leyte, Ilocos Norte). In 2010, she was elected to become a member of the House of Representatives to represent Ilocos Norte's second district. She is sometimes referred to as the Steel Butterfly or the Iron Butterfly. She is often remembered for symbols of the extravagance of her husband's political reign, including her collection of 1,060 pairs of shoes.

Partido Demokratiko Pilipino-Lakas ng Bayan (LABAN)

-founded in 1982 by Aquilino Pimentel, Jr. and a group of protesters of the Marcos government. The result of a merger of two political parties: Partido Demokratiko Pilipino and Lakas ng Bayan. Today, it is headed by its chairman, current Vice-President of the Philippines, Hon. Jejomar Binay and with him are its 2 young leaders who will spearhead the party to its bright future as the strongest political party in the Philippines.

Mission
To meet the need for meaningful, equitable and sustainable improvements in the quality life of the Filipino people by providing sound public policies that would enable people to achieve their aspirations for betterment through participative, competent and accountable governance.

Vision
We, envisions a quality of life that would earn for the Filipino people a respectable status in the community of nations.

Jejomar "Jojo" Cabauatan Binay

also known as Jojo Binay or VPNay was born on November 11,1942. Binay studied at the Philippine Normal College Training Department, University of the Philippines from Preparatory to High School, and earned a bachelor's degree in political science and Bachelor of Laws from UP (LIB). He passed the bar exam in 1968, and took masteral subjects in public administration and law in UP and University of Santo Tomas, respectively. Binay took up graduate studies at the National Defense College of the Philippines (NDCP), the Command and General Staff College (CGSC), the Center for Research and Communication (now known as the University of Asia and the Pacific), the Joint Services Command Staff College (JSCSC), and the UP School of Urban and Regional Planning. He was senior executive fellow of the John F. Kennedy School of Government at Harvard University. In between jobs and earning degrees, Binay gave lectures and taught law, political science and public administration at the Philippine College of Commerce (now, Polytechnic University of the Philippines), Philippine Womens University and St. Scholasticas College. Binay is married to Elenita Sombillo, a doctor of medicine. Their union bore them five children. He was elected as Mayor of Makati in the 1998 elections, and served until 2001.

Conclusion
Philippines having a multi-party system with many political parties with different ideologies or set of beliefs and ideas towards social and economic institutions processes. The political parties that are mentioned have different ideologies but have a common goal that is for the welfare of the Philippines. Having a political ideology is important in molding a partys mission and vision. This group people into same beliefs and have a common goal that is for the welfare of their nation. However, in the Philippine context, people dont base their party according to ideologies but according to their leaders and or members.