Beruflich Dokumente
Kultur Dokumente
Presented by
A brief theoretical overview of ADSL Contemporary Problems Probable solutions Checking of ADSL line by tester
Presented by: Nabaraj Khatiwoda KRD Switching
called an ADSL transceiver unit-remote (ATU-R). It provides local loop termination on the customer side. The modem of the central office that is called an ADSL Transmission Unit- central office (ATU-C). It terminates the ADSL local loop at the central office premises. DSLAM DSL access multiplexer. Many ATU-C units are inserted into the DSLAM. This unit can connect through an ATM or an ETHERNET access network to the internet.
ADSL Current Distribution Exchange Name Distributed Singhdurbar Exchange Area 4 Sundhara Exchange Area 2405 Chhauni Exchange Area1 292 Balambu Exchange Area 93 Kirtipur Exchange Area 263 Gongabu Exchange Area 1339 Bhadrakali Exchange Area 621 Naxal Exchange Area 2343
Presented by: Nabaraj Khatiwoda KRD Switching
Exchange Name Koteshwor Exchange Area Chabahil Exchange Area Jorpati Exchange Area Patan Exchange Area Gwarko Exchange Area Harishiddhi Exchange Area Thecho Exchange Area Bhaktapur Exchange Area
Presented by: Nabaraj Khatiwoda KRD Switching
Exchange Name
Thimi Exchange Area Gothatar Exchange Area Thamel Exchange Area Maharajgunj Exchange Area Ghattekulo Exchange Area Babarmahal Exchange Area Kapan I Exchange Area Sainbu Exchange Area Banepa Exchange Area Total Distributed/Processed
Distributed
365 74 99 99 94 327 82 123 35 14244/15169
videoconferencing , interconnecting networks, teleworking, broadcasting of TV programs, etc. all form part of the new multimedia services that the user wants at home or in the office.
Presented by: Nabaraj Khatiwoda KRD Switching
ADSL communication is full duplex. FDM uses two separate frequency bands,
referred to as the upstream and downstream bands.
Home users
does prefer a higher download speed
Business customers
upload speeds limits the attractiveness of this service to business customers That is the demarcation !!
Presented by: Nabaraj Khatiwoda KRD Switching
line simultaneously (the use of filters does away with the need for a separate line for the Internet).
Presented by: Nabaraj Khatiwoda KRD Switching
Attenuation:
Attenuation is the reduction in amplitude and intensity of a signal. Attenuation is usually measured in units of decibels per unit length of medium (dB/cm, dB/km, etc)
Maximum of 41db for the 2Mbps product and 60dB for the 1Mbps product.
Interference:
Presented by: Nabaraj Khatiwoda KRD Switching
The length, quality and dimensions of the copper cable The amount of crosstalk (which is directly related to 'cable fill',the proportion of pairs in the cables carrying DSL) Noise from sources in the home or premises Noise picked up from the environment, e.g. radio frequency interference Any faults that might be present on the line.
Presented by: Nabaraj Khatiwoda KRD Switching
Possible Solutions
1. Check whether is jumpering on the particular line. 2. If jumpering is OK ,then check the ADSL line from the MDF to the outside. 3. If there is still problems, check the following.
Presented by: Nabaraj Khatiwoda KRD Switching
Possible Solutions
1. Is there extension, home wiring or home metering? 2. If No, check whether is proper connection or not 3. If there is still problems, check copper pair(Not only dial tone is sufficient)
Presented by: Nabaraj Khatiwoda KRD Switching
Solutions:
1. Suggest for recharging 2. Check by provisional window If still problems refer to the concerned export
Presented by: Nabaraj Khatiwoda KRD Switching
Common Problems:(Disconnection)
2. Telephone extension cords and adapters Your ADSL modem should be plugged directly into the telephone jack with a cable no longer that 4 meters length. Telephone extension cords and telephone adapters may degrade (Attenuate) the quality of the signal for the connection, which can result in disconnection.
Presented by: Nabaraj Khatiwoda KRD Switching
same wall socket as a telephone, use a telephone double adapter: Plug the telephone double adaptor into the wall socket Plug the ADSL modem into the double adaptor Plug the filter in to the double adaptor; and, Connect the telephone devices to the filter.
Presented by: Nabaraj Khatiwoda KRD Switching
Thank You
Authentication
Authentication Option uses Password Authentication
Protocol (PAP) or Challenge Handshake Authentication Protocol (CHAP). The protocol used depends on negotiation. CHAP uses a one-way hashing algorithm which is known only to the user, to respond to a challenge sent by the authenticator. CHAP is more secure than PAP.