Govt. Ser. Sec. Model School P.A.

U,
Ludhiana

Teacher Students
Trainer:- Names(9th)
Harinder kaur Indermohan Singh,
Student Sandeep Kumar,
Trainer:-
Under Guidance of –
Rachna Pooja Bhatt,
Mrs. Kusum Lata
Definition of triangle
Triangle (geometry), geometric
figure consisting of three
points, called vertices,
connected by three sides. In
Euclidean plane geometry, the
sides are straight line
segments. In spherical
geometry, the sides are arcs of
great circles. The term triangle
is sometimes used to describe
a geometric figure having
 Types of triangle
A triangle is a plane
figure bounded by three
straight lines. A scalene
triangle has three sides
of unequal lengths, an
isosceles triangle has
two equal sides, and an
equilateral triangle has
three equal sides. In the
isosceles triangle the
angles opposite the
equal sides are equal,
Theorems & Properties of
Triangle
 On the Basis of Sides &
Angles There are Six Types
of Triangle. Let us deduce
this important properties of
triangle.
2nd Theorem
 1. Sum of the three
angles of a triangle is
180 degree.
2. If a side of a triangle
is produced, the exterior
angle so formed is equal
Congruence of triangles

 1. Two line segment are

congruent ,if they are of
equal length.
 2. Two angles are
congruent if they have the
same measure.
 3. Two triangles are
congruent if all the sides
and all the angles of one
are equal to the
corresponding sides and
 Theorems of
congruence
 Theorem 1. Two triangle are
congruent if any two side and the
included angle of one triangle are
equal to any two sides and the
included angles of the other triangle.
This relation is referred to as (SAS)
side angle side axiom.
 Theorem 2 of nd

congruence
 Two triangles are congruent if any
two angles and included side of one
triangle are equal to the two angles
and the included side of the other
triangle. This is called ASA ( Angle-
Side-Angle) criterion for congruence
of triangles.
 Theorem 3 of rd

congruence
 Two triangles are congruent if the
three sides of one triangle are equal
to the three sides of the other
triangle. It is called SSS Congruence
of triangle. As shown below:-
 Theorem 4 of th

congruence
 Two triangles are congruent if the
three angles of one triangle are
equal to the three angles of the other
triangle. It is called AAA Congruence
of triangle. As shown below:-
 Theorem 5 of th

congruence
 Two Right triangles are congruent if
the hypotenuse and a side of one
triangle are respectively equal to the
hypotenuse and a side of other
triangle. It is called RHS (Right-
hypotenuse-side). Given Below:-
 Inequalities in a
triangle
 Theorem 1:- If two sides of a triangle
are unequal, the larger side has the
greater angle opposite to it. For
example:- ab=4cm,
ac=6cm,bc=5cm. The Greater angle
is angle B.
 Theorem 2 nd

 The sum of any two sides of triangle

is greater than the third side. For
example:-
 ab + bc > ac (2+4 >5).
 bc + ca > ab(4+5 >2).
 ca + ab > bc(5+2 >4).
 Theorem 3 rd

 The Difference of any two sides of

triangle is lesser than the third side.
For example:-
 bc - ab < ac (4-2 <5).
 ca - bc < ab(5-4 <2).
 ca - ab < bc(5-2 <4).
 Heron Formula
 It was discovered by Greek
Mathematician Hero of Alexandria.
He was born in egypt. Heron Formula
is as follows:-
 Semi perimeter = ½ (a + b + c).
 By Heron Formula area of triangle =
 s(s-a) (s-b) (s-c)