CHAPTER 1: BASIC CONCEPT OF CREATIVITY

What is creativity?

Many , many years ago, creativity was seen as a medium of self-expression and communication

What is creativity?
Recently,
1.

2. 3.

4.

Creativity aesthetic or artistic phenomenon Creativity in different professions. Soul searching? In less technology savvy countries, creativity is often seen as a key to rapid economic and social development. 3

What is creativity?

THREE aspects of creativity:

1. 2. 3.

NOVELTY EFFECTIVENESS ETHICALITY

According to Torrance, there are FOUR characteristics of creativity: 1. ORIGINALITY: new ideas 2. FLUENCY: produce different kinds of ideas. 3. FLEXIBILITY: produce ideas in different categories 4. ELABORATION: ability to deal with minute and fine details.

What is creativity?

Creativity as Effect
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The effect of being creative = product. The product may be in the form of ideas, tangible or intangible items. These products have special characteristics: novelty, effectiveness and ethicality.

Creativity as Cause = Creative people

Abilities
Skills attitudes

motives

Knowledge

values

Creativity as interaction = exposure

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1. 2. 3. 4.

Favourable or unfavourable life circumstances. Some psychologist looks it as a process. Creativity is a process of relating, connecting and adding ideas. Wallas 4 steps in creativity: Preparation: groundwork Incubation: taking time off- subconscious mind Illumination: Aha! experience Verification: test the idea and see feedback

Levels of Creativity
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1. sublime 2. everyday

Is everything that is different creative?

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Creativity is novelty. Creativity must be effective Creativity has highly positive connotations.

Is creativity the same in all fields?

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1.

Products: tangible or intangible, may be specificity and/or general is possible. The result of any product have to be communicated to the external world if they are to be validated.

2.

Is creativity the same in all fields?

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3. Different areas need different skills. Some may demand special knowledge and skills and others may depend on certain personal properties (risk taking or goal directedness) Example: Ludwigs 100 eminent creatorsto differentiate picture of relationship among different fields of creativity based on : 1) demands of the field and 2) the personality of the individual.

Is creativity the same in all fields?

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Method 4 relevant dimensions for describing a field; 1. Impersonal versus emotive 2. Objective versus subjective 3. Precise versus imprecise (structured versus unstructured) 4. Formal versus informal Divide various fields of activity into : 1. investigative 2. artistic

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Is creativity the same in all fields?

Findings: 1. Investigative creativity involves ways of interacting with fields contents and modes of communication that are impersonal, objective, precise and formal. (mathematics, biology, physics, medicine or social science)

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Is creativity the same in all fields?

Findings:
2.

Artistic fields as a group are more emotive, subjective, imprecise and informal. (architecture, design, writing, composing or visual arts)

Is simply letting the ideas flow sufficient for creativity?

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Creativity is 1 percent inspiration and 99 per cent perspiration.

Thomas

Edison

Is simply letting the ideas flow sufficient for creativity?

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Knowledge, special skills, and techniques are important in the fields of creativity.

Differences between creativity and intelligence

Psychological Domain Function Intelligence Creativity

Acquiring factual knowledge perfecting the already known (producing orthodoxy) Recalling Problem solving Convergent thinking Memorizing Recalling the known Recognizing the familiar Reapplying set techniques Logic Accuracy speed

Developing new ways changing the known(producing novelty)

Abilities

Imagining Problem solving Divergent thinking Critical thinking Inventing Linking disparate domanins Branching out Novelty Surprisingness variability

Skills

Thinking process

Desirable Properties of Thinking

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