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Instructor: Dr. Luiz Marcio Cysneiros Class site: http://www.math.yorku.ca/~cysneiro/courses.htm Office: TEL Building 3053 Email: cysneiro@yorku.ca
Schedule
Text: Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World by John Satzinger, Robert Jackson and Stephen Burd 3rd / 4th / 5th edition Office Hours: Wednesday / Thursday noon to 1:00 P.M. Phone: 416-736-2100, ext. 33886 Email: cysneiro@yorku.ca
Marking Scheme
Midterm (in class): 40% 2 Assignments ( 1st 5%, 2nd 5%) : 10%
Final: 50%
Midterm and Final will be closed book
If a student gets less than 38% in the Final he/she fails the course regardless the average
Rounding Policy : For example : 49.4 goes to 49 49.5 or higher goes to 50 Lecture notes will be made available at: http://www.math.yorku.ca/~cysneiro/courses.html
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Course Objectives
To provide you with new ways of looking at information in the world in order to solve business problems To introduce you to concepts and methods of System Analysis and design (SAD) To describe the systems development life cycle (SDLC) To teach you effective methods for gathering essential information during system analysis To teach you effective methods for designing systems to solve problems effectively using technology
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Course Topics
Introduction to systems analysis and design (Chapter 1)
the analyst as problem solver required skills of systems analysts types of jobs and the analysts role Example: Rocky mountain outfitters
Topics (continued)
Approaches to Systems Development (chapter 2)
Methodologies and Models 2 approaches: structured approach object-oriented approach Waterfall Models for SDLC other variations computer-aided software engineering (CASE)
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Topics (continued)
Identifying System Requirements (Chapter 4)
stakeholders Methods - e.g. questionnaires, interviews, observation, build prototypes, others
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Topics (continued)
System Design (Chapters 9,10,11,14 and 15)
going from requirements to design elements of design approaches structured approach object-oriented approach design of inputs and outputs designing databases designing user interfaces
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A theme of the course: developing effective information systems is much more than just writing computer programs (involves cognitive skills in understanding problems and knowing where computer technology best fits in)
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Verify that the benefits of solving the problem outweigh the costs
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Characteristics of Systems
Systems are made up of interrelated subsystems (e.g. a nuclear reactor is composed of boilers, reactor components etc.) Functional decomposition dividing a system into components based on subsystems (which are in turn further divided into subsystems) System boundary the separation between a system and its environment (where inputs and outputs cross) Automation boundary separation between the automated part of system and the manual part 19
interrelationship
subsystem output
output
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Systems Thinking
Being able to identify something as a system Involves being able to identify subsystems Identifying system characteristics and functions Identifying where the boundaries are (or should be) Identifying inputs and outputs to systems Identifying relationships among subsystems
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Figure 1-3
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 5th Edition
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Tools: software products used to help develop analysis and design specifications and completed system components
e.g. Microsoft Access, Integrated development environments, computer-supported system engineering (CASE) tools
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Since analysts work on teams with others (e.g. team members, clients etc.) must understand about people:
How people think How people learn How people react to change How people communicate How people work (activities and actors)
Other areas:
Skill in interviewing, listening and observing Good written and oral presentation Being able to work in a team
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Figure 1-7
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 5th Edition
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Rocky Mountain Outfitters (RMO) and Its Strategic Information Systems Plan
RMO sports clothing manufacturer and distributor about to begin customer support system project Need to understand the nature of the business, approach to strategic planning, and objectives for customer support system RMO system development project used to demonstrate analysis and design concepts
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Figure 1-8
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Figure 1-9
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William McDougal Vice president of marketing and sales JoAnn White Vice president of finance and systems
Mac Preston Chief Information Officer
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Figure 1-10
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RMO Locations
Figure 1-11
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 5th Edition
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Figure 1-12
Systems Analysis and Design in a Changing World, 5th Edition
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Accounting/finance system
Mainframe package bought from leading vendor
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Plan calls for a series of information system development and integration projects over several years
Project launch: New customer support system to integrate phone orders, mail orders, and direct customer orders via Internet 47
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Accounting/finance system
Purchase intranet application to maximize employee access to financial data for planning and control
Figure 1-13
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System Development
Project: a planned undertaking that has a beginning and an end, and which produces a predetermined result or product Information System development project: planned undertaking that produces a system Basic activities in development of any new system:
Analysis to understand information needs Design define the system architecture (based on needs) Implementation the actual construction of the system
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In classical life cycle these phases are sequential, but there are variations as we will see
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After defining the scope and conducting feasibility study the plan is reviewed and if it meets with approval, the project is launched
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Design Phase
Objective: to design the solution (not to implement it though) Activities
Design and integrate the network Design the application network Design the user interfaces Design the system interfaces Design and integrate the database Prototype for design details Design and integrate the system controls
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Implementation Phase
Information system is built, tested and installed (actual programming of the information system) Activities
Construct software components Verify and test Develop prototypes for tuning Convert data Train and document Install the system
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Support Phase
Objective is to keep the information system running after its installation Activities
Provide support to end users
Help desks Training programs
Newer Approaches
The waterfall approach is less used now The activities are still planning, analysis, design and implementation However, many activities are done now in an overlapping or concurrent manner Done for efficiency when activities are not dependent on the outcome of others they can also be carried out (but dependency limits overlap)
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